Ninkii kugu yiraahda Isaaq Dir maha waxad tustaa Afar Masalo: 1)Gabeygii Guba oo Habar Yoonis Ugaskoodi leeyahay Idoor waa dire hadey Duulan soo kicis dhageysii. 2) Arabka Isaaq usheeg inuu dhalay Saciid Dhulbahante oo Saladiintoodu Bah Dir ku noqdaan Muse Carre. 3) Majeerteenka markuu Bah Dir sheegto in uu Isaaqnimo un kuso Gali Damal Muuse ( Bah Dir Rooble Traditional polities library of Congress BAH DIR Muqdisho/Maqdishu bf.1331 Muqdisho/Maqdishu sultanate established (in 20th century often referred to by the Italian version Mogadiscio) Sultans - Abgaal lineage - ... - ... Cumar/`Umar ... - ... Axmed I/Ahmad I ... - ... Maxamad I/Muhammad I ... - ... Axmed II/Ahmad II ... - ... Maxamuud/Mahmud ... - ... Cali/`Ali ... - ... Cismaan/`Uthman ... - ... Maxamad II/Muhammad II *1860* Axmed III/Ahmad III --------------------------------------------------------------------------------Majerteen c.1600 Majerteen or Harti sultanate founded 1927 incorporated into Italian colony Sultans - Keenadiid clan, Bah Dir lineage - ... - 1815 Maxamuud IV/Mahmud IV 1815 - 1842 Cismaan II/`Uthman II 1842 - 1844 Yuusuf IV/Yusuf IV 1844 - 1860 Maxamuud V Yuusuf/Mahmud V ibn Yusuf 1860 - 1927 Cismaan III Maxamuud/`Uthman III ibn Mahmud --------------------------------------------------------------------------------Hobyo 1878 Hobyo sultanate split off from Majerteen Oct 1925 incorporated into Italian colony (known as Obbia) Sultans - Keenadiid clan, Bah Dir lineage - 1878 - 28 Sep 1911 Yuusuf Cali/Yusuf ibn `Ali 1911 - Oct 1925 Cali Yuusuf/`Ali ibn Yusuf
Bah dir Rooble Majeerteen iyo Boqor Cismaan ayuu Sayidku gabaygan u tiriyey isagoo difaacayey Daraawiishta iyo halgankoodii oo Boqor Cismaan laf-dhuungashay ku noqday:
BAH DIR ROOBLE WAA BEESHA GABOOSE EE U BADASHAY WAAGII DANBE MAGACOODA DAMAL MUUSE, LAGANA TAKOORAY AMA ERYAY KONFURTA
Bahdir inay majnuun wada tahaan marag u haystaaye Waa niman masakhan oon ahayn midhaha Daaroode Waa niman siddii Moolaadhabe miciya dheerdheere Waa niman maddada oo cir weyn oo masiiba ahe Waa niman lafaha mudhuxsadoon muruqna reebayne Waa niman haddad min u furtoo malab durduursiiso Ama aad maqaarreyda geel xero u meegaarto Waa niman inay mahad naqaan laga malaynayne Cir milshiyey dhulkoo malaf ka baxay maalka oo dararay Waa niman martidu eeyan tegin madal ay joogaane Waa niman madaal inay baxshaan loogu muhanayne Waa niman haddaad gabadh markab ah maqaasiinka u geyso Wuxuu fiidka horre mayracoo marakabeeyaaba Waa niman masaladood jabtoo hooyadood mira e Waa niman misciliisha ugu jira sina u meerkeede waa niman candhada laga maraa milil ka dhiiqaaye Waa niman maruubada lafoo minidu dhaaftaaye Waa niman siddiii mowle bahal laga mareertaaye Waa niman mareeg lagu dabraa sida maliid awre Waa niman madhuushoodu tahay mooye qaab darane Waa niman margigu siiban yahay iyo mataanuhuye Waa niman macaankii jannada meel aan ku lahayne Waa niman futadu maastahoo duud maloogna ahe Waa niman miskaha lagala dhacay qaare madax weyne Waa niman minjuhu ay yihiin miiqan taag darane Gabaygaa ha laguu maadsadee mariya oo geeya Markab nagaga sii qaada oo meel walba u dhoofsha Nimankii makhaayadaha fadhiyey naga mihiibsiiya
Sunday, April 24, 2011
Cabdullaahi Sheekh Ismaaciil) BIYOMAAL DIPLOMAT AND DEPUTY PRIMEMINISER OF SOMALIA
Abdullahi Sheikh Ismail (Somali: Cabdullaahi Sheekh Ismaaciil) was the deputy prime minister and foreign minister in the transitional government of Somalia. He was appointed to that position on December 1, 2004 as part of a partial government formed by Prime Minister Ali Muhammad Ghedi. He lost these positions in August 2006 when Ghedi formed a new government. Unlike many other members of the government, Ismail was not a member of one of the factions which has fought for control of the country since the early 1990s. He was previously the foreign minister of Somalia during the mid 1990s.
Abdullahi Sheikh Ismail was the ex-Somali Ambassador to Russia under the Siad Barre government. Ismail is from the powerful Dir clan, and from the Bimal of the Marka region. He lived in Addis Ababa in the past ten years, and has close connections with the Ethiopians.
Abdullahi Sheikh Ismail was the ex-Somali Ambassador to Russia under the Siad Barre government. Ismail is from the powerful Dir clan, and from the Bimal of the Marka region. He lived in Addis Ababa in the past ten years, and has close connections with the Ethiopians.
THE BIYOMAAL MAXAMED XINIFTIRE DIR CLAN
The Biyomaal (Somali: Biimaal) is a Somali clan that forms part of the Dir and live along the coastline of the southern part of Somalia.
The Biyomaal of Merca fought against the Italian colonial rulers of Italian Somaliland in a twenty-year war known as the Biyamaal Revolt, in which the Dir assassinated several Italian governors. During the Biyamaal Revolt several prominent leaders were killed and their memorial monuments can still be found in Merca in the Shabeellaha Hoose region.
The Biyomaal were one of the self-governing clans of 17th century and they had a Sultanate that governed the coastal area of the Shabeellaha Hoose region.
During the last decades of Somali Civil War (1988 - current), Biyomaal were one of the unarmed clans in Southern Somalia but have retained their influence in the policy of the failed state.
Major sub clans
Kalafow,
Ismiin
Saleebaan
Abeena Guray
Sacad
The Biyomaal of Merca fought against the Italian colonial rulers of Italian Somaliland in a twenty-year war known as the Biyamaal Revolt, in which the Dir assassinated several Italian governors. During the Biyamaal Revolt several prominent leaders were killed and their memorial monuments can still be found in Merca in the Shabeellaha Hoose region.
The Biyomaal were one of the self-governing clans of 17th century and they had a Sultanate that governed the coastal area of the Shabeellaha Hoose region.
During the last decades of Somali Civil War (1988 - current), Biyomaal were one of the unarmed clans in Southern Somalia but have retained their influence in the policy of the failed state.
Major sub clans
Kalafow,
Ismiin
Saleebaan
Abeena Guray
Sacad
XEER DIR CUSTOMERY LAW
Anno Revenge killing by one clan or sub-clan against another in the
absence of diya payment.
Barax Broadly translated into English as ‘mixing’, it is a practice not
accepted by Somali shari’a courts as the distortion of Islamic law
through mixing with other sources of law.
Dhig Aspects of xeer guud which apply to penal matters, including
murder (qudh), aggression (qoon), and thievery (tuugo).
Dhaqasho Aspects of xeer guud which apply to civil matters, including issues
of family (xilo), private property (xoolo), territory (deegan), and
hospitality (maamuus).
Diya A main principle of xeer, this is the ‘blood compensation’ paid by
one diya group to another, usually in the form of livestock.
Diya group Small social units that take collective responsibility for their own
security, as well as undertaking an obligation to compensate
other groups for any harm committed by one of its members.
Dumal The practice of forcing marriage between a widow and a male
relative of her deceased husband.
Gar dawe A xeer proceeding that strictly applies customary law in an
adversarial manner to determine guilt and innocence.
Godobtir The practice of forcing marriage between a young girl and an
aggrieved clan as part of a diya payment.
Higsian The practice of forcing marriage between the sister of a deceased
wife and the widower.
Madani Neighbourhood-based ‘vigilant groups’ which arm themselves to
provide for local security.
Masalaxo A xeer proceeding that focuses on mediation to identify a
solution that is acceptable to all parties.
Mooryaan A social category for bandits and uncontrolled militia.
Shahad Solicitation of financial and material support by Somali
traditional elders.
Suluh Broadly translated into English as ‘resolution’, it is a practice
applied by Somali shari’a courts to integrate Islamic, traditional
and statutory laws into a single workable decision for a case.
Xeer Somali customary law.
Xeer begti Respected and qualified elders who are entrusted to maintain
knowledge of applying xeer.
5
Xeer gaar Specific aspects of xeer that regulate localised economic
production relations for clans and sub-clans specifically
involved in pastoralism, fishing, frankincense harvesting, etc.
Xeer guud Generally applicable aspects of xeer which are generally
applicable across all Somali clans, and regulate day-to-day
social life, civil and penal matters, and dispute settlement.
Xissi The most fundamental stipulations of xeer for which
unquestioned historical
adkaaday precedent exists.
6
absence of diya payment.
Barax Broadly translated into English as ‘mixing’, it is a practice not
accepted by Somali shari’a courts as the distortion of Islamic law
through mixing with other sources of law.
Dhig Aspects of xeer guud which apply to penal matters, including
murder (qudh), aggression (qoon), and thievery (tuugo).
Dhaqasho Aspects of xeer guud which apply to civil matters, including issues
of family (xilo), private property (xoolo), territory (deegan), and
hospitality (maamuus).
Diya A main principle of xeer, this is the ‘blood compensation’ paid by
one diya group to another, usually in the form of livestock.
Diya group Small social units that take collective responsibility for their own
security, as well as undertaking an obligation to compensate
other groups for any harm committed by one of its members.
Dumal The practice of forcing marriage between a widow and a male
relative of her deceased husband.
Gar dawe A xeer proceeding that strictly applies customary law in an
adversarial manner to determine guilt and innocence.
Godobtir The practice of forcing marriage between a young girl and an
aggrieved clan as part of a diya payment.
Higsian The practice of forcing marriage between the sister of a deceased
wife and the widower.
Madani Neighbourhood-based ‘vigilant groups’ which arm themselves to
provide for local security.
Masalaxo A xeer proceeding that focuses on mediation to identify a
solution that is acceptable to all parties.
Mooryaan A social category for bandits and uncontrolled militia.
Shahad Solicitation of financial and material support by Somali
traditional elders.
Suluh Broadly translated into English as ‘resolution’, it is a practice
applied by Somali shari’a courts to integrate Islamic, traditional
and statutory laws into a single workable decision for a case.
Xeer Somali customary law.
Xeer begti Respected and qualified elders who are entrusted to maintain
knowledge of applying xeer.
5
Xeer gaar Specific aspects of xeer that regulate localised economic
production relations for clans and sub-clans specifically
involved in pastoralism, fishing, frankincense harvesting, etc.
Xeer guud Generally applicable aspects of xeer which are generally
applicable across all Somali clans, and regulate day-to-day
social life, civil and penal matters, and dispute settlement.
Xissi The most fundamental stipulations of xeer for which
unquestioned historical
adkaaday precedent exists.
6
NAME DIR
Waa Maxay Macnaha Uu Leeyhay Magaca (Dir) Oo Ay Ku Abtirsadaan Qoomiyada Ugu Badan Somalia ?
SIDA MAR DHAW INOO CADAAN DOONTA TAARIKHDII DIREED EE HORE
WAA LA ,AASAY, OO BEEN IYO BUHU BAHAA FARA BADAN AYAA LAGU
DAHAARAY, DABOOL ADAG AYAA LAGU DADAY, CULEYS FARA BADAN IYO
MIISAAN AYUU CADOWGU SAARA.
QAAR XITAA DIR AH AYAA LA SIRAY OO LOO DIDAY MAGACOODA.
SOMALIDU SE WEXEY TIRAAHDAA ” SIRAA MA HOODO”.
INSHA ALLAH RUNTA WAA LA SOO QODI DOONA!
SIXIRKA SADRIGA DIREED WAA LAGA SAARI DOONA!
[i]MAGACA DIREED MARKA LA SOO BAARAY WAXA LAGU SIFIYAY DOOR
MACNE
1. DIR WAXAA LA YIRAAHDAA DAD (GENERIC TERM FOR PEOPLE)
2.DIR WAXAA KALE OO MACNEHEEDU NOQONEYSAA “FIR” AMA WAX LAGA
SOO ASKUMAY, DUNJI, AMA ABKII HORE.
SOMAALIDII HORE AYAA WAXA AY DHIHI JIREEN ” NEEFKA XOOLAHA AH
DIRKIISU WUXUU KA SOO JEEDA” IYAGOO U JEEDA WAXAA UU KA SOO
FARCAMAY.
3. DIR WAXAA LA DHIHI KARAA WAA NIN (MAN). WAXAA KALMADAN
XITAA KU DHAWDAHAY KALMADA (DHIIRI) OO AH NIN GEESI AH OON
CABSAN.
MAGACA DIREED WAXA LAGU MAGACAABAY LABA MAGALO OO KALA AH
DIRADHABE IYO BANADIR.
MID WAXAA BAXSHAY BEEL WEYNTA GURGURE-AKISHO (MAXADWEYNE DIR)
OO QARNIGII 1300 MAR AY LA LOOLALTAMAYEEN OROMADA AY GUULO
FARA BADANA KA SOO HOYEEN OONA AY KA QABSADEEN MEEL FAGAARO
AH OO AY U BAXSHEEN ” DIRAA-DHABE” AMA MEESHII UU DIR KA
TAAGAY WARANKIISI.
DHANKA KALE, 1500 XILIGII AY OROMADA XOOGEYSTEEN AYAA WAXAA
DHACDAY IN BEEL DIREED OO GALBEEDKA DAGAN AY SOO RIIXEEN
CIDAMADII XABASHIDA EE GUREY LA DAGAALAMAY IYO GAALADII
XILIGAAS LA SOCDAY EE PURTAQIISKA, BEESHAAN DIREED OO AAN
MANTA U NAQAANO BIIMAAL AYAA KA SOO GUURTAY WAQOOYI GALBEED
OO SOO DAGTAY GOBAL AY WAAGAAS U BAXSADEEN –BANADIR– AMA
BANKII DIREED. BARIGAAS OO AY BEESHAN DIREED EE BIMAAL KA SOO
TAGTAY GALBEEDKA-WAQOOYIGA WAXA KA HARAY LA IYAGA KA MID AH
OO MANTA DALKAAS DAGAN OO ” GAADSAN AAN U NAQAAN HADTAN
[DIR+CLAN+CHART.gif]
KALA SOCO WARARKA DUNIDA,SPORTS NEWS. SAACAD WALBA,DAQIIQAD WALBA IYO ILBIRIQSI WALBA WWW.HIDAHA.COM Nagala soo xiriir Webmaster@hidaha.com,subayr@hotmail.com
1 Response for “Waa Maxay Macnaha Uu Leeyhay Magaca (Dir) Oo Ay Ku Abtirsadaan Qoomiyada Ugu Badan Somalia ?”
1.
suure says:
April 24, 2011 at 9:02 am
MAGAC DIREED WAA SIDA AY SUURE SHEEGEEN WAA MAGAC FIR, DAD, ASAL, AMA SINJI MACNIHIISU YAHAY. WAA MAGAC MACNIHIISU YAHAY RAG, NIN, GEESI SIDA DHIIRIID. WAA MAGAC DAD AMA FARAC LAGU TILMAAMO OO GABAYADA WAXAAD KU MAQAASHAA GABYAAGOO LEH “DIRKII HORE WAXA AY ORAN JIREEN AMA DADKII HORE”. WAA MAGAC ASAL U DHIGMA. SIDAAS WAXAA LAGA HAYAA ODEYAASHII HORE EE SUURE (CABDALLE IYO QUBEYSBA) OO AHAA QAAR MAGACA ABKOOD AAD U JECLAA ILAA HEERNA MAGACOODA DOORTAY IN AY HOOS U DHIGAAN SI KA AABAHOOD DIR LOO MAQLO.
SUURE MARKA MUXUU YAHAY MACNIHIISA
MAGACA QURUXDA BADAN EE LABAAD WAA MAGACA SUURE. SUURE WAXAA LA YIRI WAXAA DHALAY ODEYGII MAHE DIREED ISAGOO DA,DIISU TAHAY XAWAALI 80 SANO JIR AYAA MAXAMMED XINIFTIRE OO MALIN TIMAHA U JARAYA ABHII KU YIRI AABE WAAN GABOOBEY BAAD TIRAAHDAA XOOGA LAAKIN MAAD GABOOBIN ISAGOO KA YAABAY TAMARTA IYO MURUQA QADAADKA MAHE DIR KA MUUQDA. QADADKIISI UU XIIRAYAY INTUU EEGAY AYUU YIRI AABE GABAR AYAAN KUU DOONEYNAA WALEE INAADAN GABOOBINE.
GABAR 26 SANO JIRTA OO TALISO LA ORAN JIRAY AYAA LOO DHISAY ODEYGII MAAHE DIREED OO SIDEETENKII KOR U DHAAFAY. WUXUU DHALAY WIIL UU KU DARDAARMAY IN UU DHAXLI DOON XIKMADIISA WUXUUNA U BAXSHAY SUURE. KAMADA SUURE BARIGII HORE WAXAA LOOGU’ YEERI JIRAY RUUXA MASKAXDA BADAN, MAANKA SAN, AMA FAHMADA IYO XIKMAD BADAN.
KALMADA SUURE WAXAA LOO ISTICMAALAA SIDAAN HORE UGU QEEXAY IN KASTOO AF SOMALIGU ISBAD BADALAY. TUSAALE AHAAN:
SUURTA GAL MAAHA MARKAAD TIRAAHDID WAA WAXAAN AQLIGA GALI KARIN. TAASO KUU CADEYNEYSA KAMADA ASAL AHAN MASKAXDA AYAY KA TIMID
TUSAALE KALE: MARKAAN DHANO HEBEL ” KIBIR IYO SUURE BADANAA” MACNAHEEDU WAA ” QOF KIBIR IYO AQLI BADAN ISKU DARSADA QOFKU. CALAA KULI XAAL SUURE OO AH MASKAX BADAN MACNEHEEDUNA KA SOO JEEDO “SUURTO GAL-AQLI GAL AMA MASKAX- AYAA LOOGU WAN QALAY SUURE. MAHE DIREEDNA WUXUU SHEEGAY IN UU SUURE UU NOQON DOONO XIKMADIISI OO KOOBAN.
2.
suure says:
Your comment is awaiting moderation.
April 24, 2011 at 9:10 am
QURBA JOOGTA INGIRIISKA JECEL HA KU INDHO KUULATO “SUURE MACNIHIISA ” OO ENGLISH VERSION AH. MAGAC DIREEDNA MA JIREEN SUURE LAAN
Awadwar@yahoo.com
Dear Brothers
I would love to thank you first for the wonderful forum. We need someone to promote and rise our awareness about the illustrious Dir clan.
The orgin of the Suure name
Let me add an old story about the orgin of the Suure name. As we all know by now Suure was the youngest son of Mahe Dir and he was the last one born to Mahe Dir shortly before he passed away, may Allah bless his soul.
It was said by the Dir of old, Mahe Dir one day looked at his youngest son and named him “Suure” which means in old Somali the “Wise one” or literally one who was very intelligent. Know unfortunately, this word is extinct and obsolete in modern Somali,but Suure meant “Intelligent”, Wise as in Somali we use today:
“Kibir iyo Suure badanaa”, which literally means one is full of pride and intelligency. Also the name “suure” is used in the Somali phrase:
“Maskax iyo Suure badne”
“Suurto Gal maaha”
“Waa Suuro gal ama waa aqli gal”
Therefore, in the old Somali spoken by the Dir Suure use to mean intelligent one or one who is wise. Now, this is why the Dir elders of Mudug used to say, “Suure” meant the wise one and it is the nick name given to the last born of Mahe Dir.
# posted by Anonymous Awadwar@yahoo.com : 9:22 AM
Mansha Allah!
Maansha Allah! Bravo! Bravo!
This is very interesting and your wonderful analysis is mind boggling.
Honestly, I have never asked or even pondered about what the heck “Suure” meant. Isn’t it a bitch, the Suure whether Qubeys or Abdaalle are obsessed with the name Dir, but yet no one ever pondered or told us what Suure meant.
I think the sad thing about the Suure of Mudug region is they forgot their own name, Suure.
Why is it that no one uses the Suure name? Why are we so obsessed with Dir, Dir, Dir and more Dir.
Don’t misunderstand me, I quite frankly love my “Dirness”,but why is it we dont even know out own Suure name and its history?
I think it is a damn shame and disgusting the Suure do not use their wonderful name. Everybody in Somali will tell you they know Qubeys, fiqi muhumad, fiqi walaal, agoon, fiqi yahye, nacadoor, dabac,ahmed farah, Etc. But the name Suure is rarely heard.
I can tell you what Dir means and we all heard that ten thousand times. That freakin Dir means:
1)the ancestor “fir” ama “ab” ama Farac.
2) we heard Dir means “Dhiiri” boldness, Dirir “Worrior”.
3)Dir means “genetically related to” like when somalis said, “neefkan Dirkiisu wuxuu ka soo jeedaa”
4)Dir also means “people”, “race” or as in old poetry Dir meant People or man.
But I have never heard anybody explain Suure and its meaning and I love your wonderful insight.
It is extremely neat, fantastic and brillent periodly.
You are wise my brother and you, yourself must be some type of a Suure”wise one”, Genius, intelligent, and insightful.
================================
Kibir iyo Suure badanaa”, which literally means one is full of pride and intelligency. Also the name “suure” is used in the Somali phrase:
“Maskax iyo Suure badne”
“Suurto Gal maaha”
“Waa Suuro gal ama waa aqli gal”
Therefore, in the old Somali spoken by the Dir Suure use to mean intelligent one or one who is wise. Now, this is why the Dir elders of Mudug used to say, “Suure” meant the wise one and it is the nick name given to the last born of Mahe Dir.
SIDA MAR DHAW INOO CADAAN DOONTA TAARIKHDII DIREED EE HORE
WAA LA ,AASAY, OO BEEN IYO BUHU BAHAA FARA BADAN AYAA LAGU
DAHAARAY, DABOOL ADAG AYAA LAGU DADAY, CULEYS FARA BADAN IYO
MIISAAN AYUU CADOWGU SAARA.
QAAR XITAA DIR AH AYAA LA SIRAY OO LOO DIDAY MAGACOODA.
SOMALIDU SE WEXEY TIRAAHDAA ” SIRAA MA HOODO”.
INSHA ALLAH RUNTA WAA LA SOO QODI DOONA!
SIXIRKA SADRIGA DIREED WAA LAGA SAARI DOONA!
[i]MAGACA DIREED MARKA LA SOO BAARAY WAXA LAGU SIFIYAY DOOR
MACNE
1. DIR WAXAA LA YIRAAHDAA DAD (GENERIC TERM FOR PEOPLE)
2.DIR WAXAA KALE OO MACNEHEEDU NOQONEYSAA “FIR” AMA WAX LAGA
SOO ASKUMAY, DUNJI, AMA ABKII HORE.
SOMAALIDII HORE AYAA WAXA AY DHIHI JIREEN ” NEEFKA XOOLAHA AH
DIRKIISU WUXUU KA SOO JEEDA” IYAGOO U JEEDA WAXAA UU KA SOO
FARCAMAY.
3. DIR WAXAA LA DHIHI KARAA WAA NIN (MAN). WAXAA KALMADAN
XITAA KU DHAWDAHAY KALMADA (DHIIRI) OO AH NIN GEESI AH OON
CABSAN.
MAGACA DIREED WAXA LAGU MAGACAABAY LABA MAGALO OO KALA AH
DIRADHABE IYO BANADIR.
MID WAXAA BAXSHAY BEEL WEYNTA GURGURE-AKISHO (MAXADWEYNE DIR)
OO QARNIGII 1300 MAR AY LA LOOLALTAMAYEEN OROMADA AY GUULO
FARA BADANA KA SOO HOYEEN OONA AY KA QABSADEEN MEEL FAGAARO
AH OO AY U BAXSHEEN ” DIRAA-DHABE” AMA MEESHII UU DIR KA
TAAGAY WARANKIISI.
DHANKA KALE, 1500 XILIGII AY OROMADA XOOGEYSTEEN AYAA WAXAA
DHACDAY IN BEEL DIREED OO GALBEEDKA DAGAN AY SOO RIIXEEN
CIDAMADII XABASHIDA EE GUREY LA DAGAALAMAY IYO GAALADII
XILIGAAS LA SOCDAY EE PURTAQIISKA, BEESHAAN DIREED OO AAN
MANTA U NAQAANO BIIMAAL AYAA KA SOO GUURTAY WAQOOYI GALBEED
OO SOO DAGTAY GOBAL AY WAAGAAS U BAXSADEEN –BANADIR– AMA
BANKII DIREED. BARIGAAS OO AY BEESHAN DIREED EE BIMAAL KA SOO
TAGTAY GALBEEDKA-WAQOOYIGA WAXA KA HARAY LA IYAGA KA MID AH
OO MANTA DALKAAS DAGAN OO ” GAADSAN AAN U NAQAAN HADTAN
[DIR+CLAN+CHART.gif]
KALA SOCO WARARKA DUNIDA,SPORTS NEWS. SAACAD WALBA,DAQIIQAD WALBA IYO ILBIRIQSI WALBA WWW.HIDAHA.COM Nagala soo xiriir Webmaster@hidaha.com,subayr@hotmail.com
1 Response for “Waa Maxay Macnaha Uu Leeyhay Magaca (Dir) Oo Ay Ku Abtirsadaan Qoomiyada Ugu Badan Somalia ?”
1.
suure says:
April 24, 2011 at 9:02 am
MAGAC DIREED WAA SIDA AY SUURE SHEEGEEN WAA MAGAC FIR, DAD, ASAL, AMA SINJI MACNIHIISU YAHAY. WAA MAGAC MACNIHIISU YAHAY RAG, NIN, GEESI SIDA DHIIRIID. WAA MAGAC DAD AMA FARAC LAGU TILMAAMO OO GABAYADA WAXAAD KU MAQAASHAA GABYAAGOO LEH “DIRKII HORE WAXA AY ORAN JIREEN AMA DADKII HORE”. WAA MAGAC ASAL U DHIGMA. SIDAAS WAXAA LAGA HAYAA ODEYAASHII HORE EE SUURE (CABDALLE IYO QUBEYSBA) OO AHAA QAAR MAGACA ABKOOD AAD U JECLAA ILAA HEERNA MAGACOODA DOORTAY IN AY HOOS U DHIGAAN SI KA AABAHOOD DIR LOO MAQLO.
SUURE MARKA MUXUU YAHAY MACNIHIISA
MAGACA QURUXDA BADAN EE LABAAD WAA MAGACA SUURE. SUURE WAXAA LA YIRI WAXAA DHALAY ODEYGII MAHE DIREED ISAGOO DA,DIISU TAHAY XAWAALI 80 SANO JIR AYAA MAXAMMED XINIFTIRE OO MALIN TIMAHA U JARAYA ABHII KU YIRI AABE WAAN GABOOBEY BAAD TIRAAHDAA XOOGA LAAKIN MAAD GABOOBIN ISAGOO KA YAABAY TAMARTA IYO MURUQA QADAADKA MAHE DIR KA MUUQDA. QADADKIISI UU XIIRAYAY INTUU EEGAY AYUU YIRI AABE GABAR AYAAN KUU DOONEYNAA WALEE INAADAN GABOOBINE.
GABAR 26 SANO JIRTA OO TALISO LA ORAN JIRAY AYAA LOO DHISAY ODEYGII MAAHE DIREED OO SIDEETENKII KOR U DHAAFAY. WUXUU DHALAY WIIL UU KU DARDAARMAY IN UU DHAXLI DOON XIKMADIISA WUXUUNA U BAXSHAY SUURE. KAMADA SUURE BARIGII HORE WAXAA LOOGU’ YEERI JIRAY RUUXA MASKAXDA BADAN, MAANKA SAN, AMA FAHMADA IYO XIKMAD BADAN.
KALMADA SUURE WAXAA LOO ISTICMAALAA SIDAAN HORE UGU QEEXAY IN KASTOO AF SOMALIGU ISBAD BADALAY. TUSAALE AHAAN:
SUURTA GAL MAAHA MARKAAD TIRAAHDID WAA WAXAAN AQLIGA GALI KARIN. TAASO KUU CADEYNEYSA KAMADA ASAL AHAN MASKAXDA AYAY KA TIMID
TUSAALE KALE: MARKAAN DHANO HEBEL ” KIBIR IYO SUURE BADANAA” MACNAHEEDU WAA ” QOF KIBIR IYO AQLI BADAN ISKU DARSADA QOFKU. CALAA KULI XAAL SUURE OO AH MASKAX BADAN MACNEHEEDUNA KA SOO JEEDO “SUURTO GAL-AQLI GAL AMA MASKAX- AYAA LOOGU WAN QALAY SUURE. MAHE DIREEDNA WUXUU SHEEGAY IN UU SUURE UU NOQON DOONO XIKMADIISI OO KOOBAN.
2.
suure says:
Your comment is awaiting moderation.
April 24, 2011 at 9:10 am
QURBA JOOGTA INGIRIISKA JECEL HA KU INDHO KUULATO “SUURE MACNIHIISA ” OO ENGLISH VERSION AH. MAGAC DIREEDNA MA JIREEN SUURE LAAN
Awadwar@yahoo.com
Dear Brothers
I would love to thank you first for the wonderful forum. We need someone to promote and rise our awareness about the illustrious Dir clan.
The orgin of the Suure name
Let me add an old story about the orgin of the Suure name. As we all know by now Suure was the youngest son of Mahe Dir and he was the last one born to Mahe Dir shortly before he passed away, may Allah bless his soul.
It was said by the Dir of old, Mahe Dir one day looked at his youngest son and named him “Suure” which means in old Somali the “Wise one” or literally one who was very intelligent. Know unfortunately, this word is extinct and obsolete in modern Somali,but Suure meant “Intelligent”, Wise as in Somali we use today:
“Kibir iyo Suure badanaa”, which literally means one is full of pride and intelligency. Also the name “suure” is used in the Somali phrase:
“Maskax iyo Suure badne”
“Suurto Gal maaha”
“Waa Suuro gal ama waa aqli gal”
Therefore, in the old Somali spoken by the Dir Suure use to mean intelligent one or one who is wise. Now, this is why the Dir elders of Mudug used to say, “Suure” meant the wise one and it is the nick name given to the last born of Mahe Dir.
# posted by Anonymous Awadwar@yahoo.com : 9:22 AM
Mansha Allah!
Maansha Allah! Bravo! Bravo!
This is very interesting and your wonderful analysis is mind boggling.
Honestly, I have never asked or even pondered about what the heck “Suure” meant. Isn’t it a bitch, the Suure whether Qubeys or Abdaalle are obsessed with the name Dir, but yet no one ever pondered or told us what Suure meant.
I think the sad thing about the Suure of Mudug region is they forgot their own name, Suure.
Why is it that no one uses the Suure name? Why are we so obsessed with Dir, Dir, Dir and more Dir.
Don’t misunderstand me, I quite frankly love my “Dirness”,but why is it we dont even know out own Suure name and its history?
I think it is a damn shame and disgusting the Suure do not use their wonderful name. Everybody in Somali will tell you they know Qubeys, fiqi muhumad, fiqi walaal, agoon, fiqi yahye, nacadoor, dabac,ahmed farah, Etc. But the name Suure is rarely heard.
I can tell you what Dir means and we all heard that ten thousand times. That freakin Dir means:
1)the ancestor “fir” ama “ab” ama Farac.
2) we heard Dir means “Dhiiri” boldness, Dirir “Worrior”.
3)Dir means “genetically related to” like when somalis said, “neefkan Dirkiisu wuxuu ka soo jeedaa”
4)Dir also means “people”, “race” or as in old poetry Dir meant People or man.
But I have never heard anybody explain Suure and its meaning and I love your wonderful insight.
It is extremely neat, fantastic and brillent periodly.
You are wise my brother and you, yourself must be some type of a Suure”wise one”, Genius, intelligent, and insightful.
================================
Kibir iyo Suure badanaa”, which literally means one is full of pride and intelligency. Also the name “suure” is used in the Somali phrase:
“Maskax iyo Suure badne”
“Suurto Gal maaha”
“Waa Suuro gal ama waa aqli gal”
Therefore, in the old Somali spoken by the Dir Suure use to mean intelligent one or one who is wise. Now, this is why the Dir elders of Mudug used to say, “Suure” meant the wise one and it is the nick name given to the last born of Mahe Dir.
HABAR YONIS AND HABAR JECLO ISAAQ DIR CLANS
Habar Yoonis
Main article: Somali clan
The Habar Yoonis (Somali: Habaryoonis) is a Somali clan, part of the larger Isaaq group. Habar is the maternal grouping in the Somali tribal segmentations. Said Garxajis married, from the Daarood sub-clan, Geri Koombe (Aba-Yoonis). The most numerous Said Garxajis are from his Daarood (Aba-Yoonis) wife and hence the maternal segment's name. The clan includes Eidegalla, Arap and Ayoup of the Isaaq clan. Also included in Habar Yoonis is the Eliye of the Issa clan, and finally the Harti sub-clan of the Abgaal and Sacad sub-clan of the Habar Gedir, both of which comprise of the larger Hawiye clan. As well, the Sheikhal, Saleebaan, and Ceyr of the Hawiye, the Ashraaf clan of the Rahanweyn are also included. The Habar Yoonis is a sub-clan of the Sheik Isaaq clan. They are famous for being the only sub-clan in Somaliland that has a sizable population in all the cities of Somaliland and Ethopia's Somali region. One of the ancestral cities of the Habar Yoonis is Burco and the Aroori plain, which they still inhabit and control to a great degree.
The Burco countryside where the Habar Yoonis dominate to this date.
Contents
[hide]
• 1 Clan structure
o 1.1 Cali Saciid
o 1.2 Carre Siciid
o 1.3 Isaxaaq care Siciid
o 1.4 Ismaciil Carre Siciid
o 1.5 Cabdalle Ismaaciil
o 1.6 Muuse Cabdalle
o 1.7 Abokor Looge
o 1.8 Faarax Maxamed
• 2 Cumar Cabdalle
• 3 Adan Cumar
• 4 Mohamed Adan
• 5 Xildiid Maxamed
• 6 Cismaan Xildiid
• 7 Xirsi Cismaan
o 7.1 Ceynaashe Xirsi
o 7.2 Sugulla Ceynaashe
o 7.3 Muuse Ismaaiil
o 7.4 Yoonis Ismaaciil
• 8 Musa Care
• 9 Has Three Sons
• 10 Damal Muse
o 10.1 Habar Yoonis Sultans
o 10.2 Idaares Abdalle
• 11 References
• 12 External links
[edit] Clan structure
Saciid Ismaaciil (Garxajis) Is Nick name and Has two sons
[edit] Cali Saciid
(Hassan Haaji and Faarax haaji) Faarax Haaji 1)Ismail Faarax and abdi Faarax
Ismail Faarax 1) Reer ciagaale dheere 2) Reer collow 3) reer Amarre 4) Reer AWAD 5) Reer aw cabdi 6) reer xasan xirsi 7) reer cali xirsi 8) reer cadaawe
HASSAN Haaji, 1) reer samater 2) reer siyaad 3) abdi hassan 4) cismaan hassan 5)cumar xasan 6)jidh jidhan
[edit] Carre Siciid
• Carre Saciid (larger group)
Carre had seven sons:
• Ismaaciil Carre (Cabdale, Muuse and Yoonis)
• Muuse Carre(Ibraahim, Hassan and Damal)
• Isxaaq Carre(Kaliil, Cabdalle, Qaasim)
• Dandaan Carre
• Kuul Carre
• Gambo Carre
• Makaahiil Carre
[edit] Isaxaaq care Siciid
1)Cabdalle Isaxaaq 2)Qaasim Isaxaaq 3)Kaliil Isaxaaq
Cabdalle Isaxaaq= Ahmed Hassan and Hussein Hassan
* Hussein Hassan, ( heer ugaadh, ahmed liig, and cali abdalle).
* Ahmed Hassan, (mahamed ahmed, hussein hassan, and (geeda saluug, salah geel))
[edit] Ismaciil Carre Siciid
Ismaciil Carre, a branch of the Habar Yoonis, is considered to be the largest family branch of all branches within Somali clans. He is the only 4th generation descendant of Isxaaq who is buried along him in his tomb.
His lineage was: Ismaciil, son of Carre, son of Said, son of Ismaiil, son of Sheikh Isaaq bin Ahmed. Ismaciil had three sons: Musse Ismaciil (Gadhweyne and Reer Cawl), Abdalle Ismaciil (Cumar Abdalle, Idarees Abdalle and Muuse Abdale) and Yonis Ismaciil (Sacad Yonis). Ismaciil Carre members are recognized to be the backbone of the SNM struggle against the rule of Somali dictator Siad Barre. Ismaciil Carre members live mostly in the Hawd Ethiopia, Burco, Erigabo, Nugaal, Sanaag and Togdheer regions of Somaliland.
Three Sons of Ismaaciil Carre
1. Muuse Ismaacil (reer Awl + Gadhweyn)
2. Yoonis Ismaaciil (Sacad Yoonis)
3. Cabdalle Ismaaciil (majority of this section)
[edit] Cabdalle Ismaaciil
Cabdalle Ismaacil had three sons, the largest of his descendant are among the Cumar Cabdalle (Omar Abdalla).
1- Idrays Cabdalle a-Muuse idarays -xasan muuse -xasan magan -xasan buureed b-Max/ed idarays c-Siciid idarays
2- Muuse Cabdalle 3- Cumar Cabdalle
[edit] Muuse Cabdalle
1- Abokor Looge 2- Faarax Maxamed
[edit] Abokor Looge
A- Cigaal Abokor 1)Maxamed Cigaal (reer Maxamed Casse) 2)Xassan Cigaal (reer Diiriye) 3) Beyle Cigaal subdivided into 1) Bagaalo (Muuse cabdi + Maxamed cabdi) 2) Farax cabdi and 3)Ismaaciil cabdi 4) Maax Cigaal (reer maax).
B- Muuse Abokor (divisions of Muuse also missing)
C- Cali Abokor: 1. Hagar Cali ( Rooble Hagar, Faarax Hagar ) 2. Xasan Cali ( divisions of Muuse also missing)
[edit] Faarax Maxamed
A- Xasan Faarax B- Cali Faarax (Bah Warsangali + Cali Xasan) C- Jibriil Faarax +Xuseen Faarax(Ba-Gumaroon)
D- Cabdi Xasan Faarax)1)CUMAR CABDI{2}GADIID CABDI E- Allamagan Faarax
[edit] Cumar Cabdalle
had three sons:
A- Ugaadh Cumar (a sub clan by itself) B- Kaliil Cumar C- Adan Cumar (which is the most numerous at this junction).
[edit] Adan Cumar
3 sections:
1. Cigaal Adan (grouped into Gumbuur)
2. Maxamed Adan (the most numerous)
3. Cilmi Adan (reer Cilmi)
[edit] Mohamed Adan
2 sections:
1. Xildiid Maxamed (the most numerous)
2. Rooble Maxamed (Carabala).
A- Baho Rooble B- Reer Samatar (the most numerous)
Rooble/carabala, are the providers of Akils (Caaqil) for their alliane Baho ismail (Rooble Maxamed+Idarays cabdalle+Abokor xildiid)
[edit] Xildiid Maxamed
4 sections:
1- Xasan Xildiid (grouped within Gumbuur alliance) 2- Xuseen Xildiid (reer Xuseen): A- Ismaaciil Xuseen B- Samtar Xuseen c- Galab Xuseen.
3- Abokor Xildiid (reer Abokor): A- Cali Abokor (most numerous) B- Ibraahin Abokor
4- Cismaan Xildiid (the most numerous)
[edit] Cismaan Xildiid
1. Mumin Cismaan
2. Cali Cismaan (Ba-Dhulbahante)
3. Cabdi Cismaan (Ba-Dhulbahnate)
4. Maxamuud Cismaan (Ba-Dhulbahnate)
5. Xirsi Cismaan.
6. Ibrahim Cismaan
7. Iidle Cismaan
[edit] Xirsi Cismaan
8 sections:
1. Ceynaashe Xirsi (17 sections)
2. Siciid Xirsi (reer Weyd + reer Waraabe + reer Cigaal + Cabdi )
3. Cabdi Xirsi (Cawd and Diiriye)
4. Warsame Xirsi
5. Faahiye Xirsi (geedi and ducaale)
6. yuusuf Xirsi
7. Cali Xirsi
8. Xildiid Xirsi.
[edit] Ceynaashe Xirsi
17 sections
1. Axmed Ceynaashe
2. Liibaan Ceynaashe
3. Sugulla Ceynaashe ( 18 sections)
4. Guutaale Caynaashe
5. Guuleed Caynaashe
6. Xirsi Caynaashe
7. Samaale Caynaashe
8. Faarax Caynaashe
9. Ciise Caynaashe
10. Butiye Caynaashe
11. Maygaag caynaashe
12. Kooshin Caynaashe
13. Cumar caynaashe
14. Cigaal Caynaashe
15. Cabdi Caynaashe
16. Suubaan Caynaashe
17. Wacays Caynaashe
[edit] Sugulla Ceynaashe
1. Diiriye Sugulla ( Bah Makahiil and Baha Diiriye)
2. Axmed Sugulla
3. Roble Sugulla
4. Maxamuud Sugule (bah Adam madoobe)
5. Ducaale sugule (bah Adam madoobe)
6. Maxamed Sugule (bah Adam madoobe)
7. Wacays Sugule
[edit] Muuse Ismaaiil
The Muuse Ismaaciil sub-clan of the Habar Yoonis is the second in population after the Cabdalle Ismaaciil. They inhabit the Sanaag region in Somaliland, and some parts of Sool around the district of Xudun. The Muuse Ismaaciil are the traditional inhabitants of the city of Erigavo. Some sections of the Muuse Ismaaciil (reer Cawl) settle in Burco and parts of Ethopia around Gorgor and Qalocan area of Wardheer district. They traditionally had their own sultan who governed the eastern sections of the Habar Yoonis.
• Sultaan Ducaale Muuse(1890-1955)was the first M.Ismaaciil sultan
• Sultaan Cali Suldaan Ducaale (1920-1977)
• Sultaan Rashid Sultan Cali the present sultan (b.1955).
Muuse Ismaaciil tribal divisions are:
• Salax Muuse
• Maxamed Muuse (urursuge)
• Saalax Muuse ( Tuurwaa)
• Yoonis Muuse.
The Tuurwaa are the most numerous and they are three sections:
• Muuse Tuurwaa
• Jibriil Tuurwaa (Xasan and Yoonis) (Qori Jarato)
• Cismaan Tuurwaa
The Cismaan and the Muuse Tuurwaa are the main divisions in terms of population in this stage of segmentation and they spilt as the following:
Cismaan Tuurwaaa:
• Xaamud Cismaan
• Cawl Cismaan (reer Cawl)
Xaamud Cismaan, 3 sections:
• Maxamud Xaamud
• Cabdale Xaamud
• Cabdi Xaamud
• Cawl Cismaan, Ugaadhyahan Cawl (1 son) ,
• Beyle Ugaadhyahan Cawl
• Faarax Ugaadhyahan Cawl
The Beyle Ugaahyahan are the largest and are the traditional enemy of the Daarood (Dhulbahante) sub-clan, this is the only major H.Y sub-clan that shares land with the Dhulbahante in the Hawd region. From this section of the clan hails the famous Guba poet Yawle.
Beyle Ugaadhyahan
• Maax Beyle
• Gadiid Beyle
• Cismaan Beyle (Yawle's sub-clan)
• Adan Beyle.
Notice some sub-clan division are missing, specially the Muuse Tuurwaa the second largest in Muuse Ismaaciil.
[edit] Yoonis Ismaaciil
Yoonis Ismaaciil is better known as the Sacad Yoonis subclan. Sacad Yoonis members live mostly in the eastern part of Somaliland, more specifically in Burco city, Sanaag, Sool, and western Nugaal Regions of Somaliland. Two of the 82 Somaliland parliament seats are held by Sacad Yoonis clan members. The link below is a visual breakdown of the Sacad Yoonis clan structure.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Sacad_yonis3.jpg
Sacad's sons:
• Hasan Sacad (largest branch)
• Maxamed Sacad (Iidarays)
• Maxamuud Sacad (Reer Maxamuud)
Hasan Sacad had son called Jibriil Hasan
Jibriil's sons, Barkad Jibriil, Rooble Jibriil, Adan Jibriil,
Barkad Jibriil had four sons:
• Cali Barkad
• Hasan Barkad
• Camaar Barkad
• Jaamac Barkad
Cali Barkad had three sons
• Faahiye Cali (reer Faahiye Cali)
• Ahmed Cali (reer Axmed Cali)
• Naaleye Cali (reer Naaleeye)
Faahiye Cali had three sons:
• Bayle Faahiye
• Caweer Faahiye (reer Caweer)
• Xildiid Faahiye (reer Xildiid)
Bayle faahiye had son Cumaar Bayle:
Cumaar Bayle had eight sons:
• Nuux Cumaar (Reer Nuux)
• Maxamed Cumaar (reer Xuseen)
• Cabdale Cumaar (reer Cabdale)
• Cali Cumaar
• Xasan Cumaar
• Xuseen Cumaar
• jibriil Cumaar
• Guuled Cumaar
Nuux Cumaar had six sons "Reer Nuux"
1. Cali Nuux (reer Cali nuux)
2. Diiriye Nuux
3. Liibaan nuux
4. Guuled Nuux
5. Dibjir Nuux
6. Daahiir Nuux
Cali Nuux had eight sons
1. Abokor cali (reer Abokor)
2. Wade Cali (reer Wade)
3. Rable Cali (reer Rable)
4. Magan Cali (reer Magan)
5. Ducaale Cali (reer Ducaale Cali)
6. Maxamuud Cali (reer Maxamuud Cali)
7. Axmed Cali (reer Axmed Cali)
8. Ibraahim (reer Ibraahim)
First Sacad Yoonis Caaqil was reer Nuux and still all Sacad Yoonis chief Caaqil is reer Nuux. The Present Sacad Yoonis Chief Caaqil is Saciid Xasan Cali (xuxuule).
Maxamed Sacad - Iidarays
1. Muse Samatar (largest group of the IIdarays)
2. Cabdi Samatar (split into Ba' Arab and Fiqi Egaal)
3. Reer Wacays
Iidarays are the original inhabitants of Ceelafweyn (Ceelafween), a town between Burco and Ceerigabo in Sanaag province of Somaliland. Mahammed Nuur (Fiqi Egaal) was the first man to build a home near the famous water basin in the town. The town now has a sizable popualtion of habar-jeclo clan members who originally lived in the mountains in the vicinity of Ceelafweyn. Iidarays also live in Ceerigabo, Burco, Dararweyne, and Xudun Area. There is a large diaspora population of Sacad Yoonis branches in the UK.
2, Maxamud sacad is divided two parts.
[edit] Musa Care
[edit] Has Three Sons
Ibrahim Muse, Hasan Muse and Damal Muse
Ibrahim Muse is the Largest section in Muse Care and his grandsons are 6
1- Jibriil Adan Fiqi 2- Muuse Adan Fiqi 3- Cali Adan Fiqi 4- Muxumed Adan Fiqi 5- CabdulRaxmaan Fiqi 6- Samane Fiqi
[edit] Damal Muse
1- Roble Damal == 2- Adan Damal ==
[edit] Habar Yoonis Sultans
The royal sub-clan (the one that provides the Sultans) of the Habar Yoonis are the Reer Sugule, who hail from the Caynanshe branch of the Habar Yoonis.
1- The first H.Y Sultan was Sultan Diiriye Suguule (1760-1840) 2- Sultaan Amaan Sultan Diiriye (1790-1854). 3- Sultaan Xirsi Sultan Amaan (1824-1879) 4- Sultaan Cawd sultan Diiriye (1830-1899)
In 1899 Sultan Cawd (Awd) was killed during a battle with the rival Daarood (Ogaden) tribe in western Ethiopia. There were 2 first cousins sultans each supported by different segments of the Habar Yoonis clan some Pro-Devrish and others opposed to it, the Pro-Devrish sultan Nuur A. Amaan eventually defeated his opponent Madar X. Amaan and for a period of 15 years him and his son held the sultantes, only after their death did the H.Y proclaimed him a sultan.
5- Sultaan Nuur Axmed Sultan Amaan (1844-1910)killed during the Devrish struggle. 6- Sultan Doolaal Sultan Nuur(1856-1917)also killed during the Devrish years. 7- Sultaan Madar Sultan Xirsi Amaan (1876-1938) 8- Sultaan Cali Sultan Madar (1900-1979) 9- Sultan Xirsi Qani (1916-1987) 10- Sultaan Yuusuf Sultan Xirsi Qani (1925-1991) 11- Sultaan Ciise sultan Xirsi Qani (1929-1999) 12- Sultan Cismaan Sultan Cali sultan Madar (b 1957) 13- Sultaan Maxamed Sultan Xirsi Qani (born 1967)
[edit] Idaares Abdalle
The oldest of the Abdalle Ismaciil sub-clan, who were also Sultans of the Habar Yoonis. Together with Reer Sugule (Current Emirs) they are known as "Reer Odweyne" after their town and where the Sultans reside.
Before 1960.
1-Shermaarke Saalax Baasha (1790-1861) the conqueror of Zaylac and the man who for the first time in Somali history brought Zaylac under the rule of Somalis, the first Somali Qadiif who in 1825 with 5 cannons and 60 H.Y musketeers took Zaylac and forced its Arab ruler Maxamed Al Baari out. He was accorded the title of Qadiif Al Soomaal by Cabdixamiid Baasha and was presented with two Arab and one Turkish slave women. The founder of what was referred to as the Government of Zaylac.
2- Sultaan Diiriye Suguule (1760-1844) the first H.Y sultan and the originator of over 30 Somali idioms and sayings.
3- Boqor Xirsi Amaan the warrior king (1823-1879) the first founder of centralized northern Somali state, the first sultan who ever imposed regulated tax on both the coast of Berbera and Bulaxaar, coining the Somali term of "sed boqortooyo" before 'cashuur' was even known. The only power the Persian recognized in Somalia in their bid to counter Siiciid Baraqash and the first Somali man to be referred to King Amaan by the Qajar Shaah of Iraan in 1857. Every year via his connection to Suur sultanates of Oman he received his Royal Presents from Persia. His wars against the Kuumbo in furthering his borders south west to Somali Galbeed and his legendary death in the battle with his cousin Guuleed Xaaji is a legend even among his enemies the Kuumubs:
Keysahaa aduun ina Amaan Koos Dhan Buu Heleye
Isba kii bani Israel ma hadin kamana yaabayne
Ragbuu keeno gali yidhi weysa soo kabiye
Ragow Kibirka waa lagu kufaa taana hala ogaado.
4- Sultaan Nuur Amaan (1844-1910) the first sultan who declared war against the British and gave shelter to the Dervish when all Kuumbu sultanates including Garaad Cali Garaad Maxamud (who sent a letter to the Brits crying for their help against what he called new religious fanatics, and who was killed as result), Sultaan Cali Shire, Boqor Osman mahamoud sided with the colonials. The first battle of the Devrish took place in Burco in 1899 when Sultan Nuur Amaan led the new devrish to Burco and later was forced to withdrew. Sultaan Nuur Amaan abondened his Sultanate for the cause and later was killed some say by the Devrish some say by some Kuumbu's.
6- Engineer Said Faarax (1910-1963) the first Somali civil engineer and a graduate of Edinburgh University class of 1933, the designer of Burco city roads and much of colonial infrastructures.
7- Maxamud Axmed Cali the Father of Somali education, the first modern Somali educator.
8- Xaaji Yuusuf Xaaji Aadan (1914-2005)(second Father of Somali Education, the first founder of Somali political party in Somaliland and pioneer of Somali education also the composer of the Somali national anthem.
9- Maxamed Naxar the first chairman of the SNL before Maxamed Xaaji Ibraahim Cigaal and among its founders.
10- Sayid Axmed Sheekh Muuse (1910-1979) the founder of the first religious party Xizbul Allah in 1957 and first Somali graduate of Azhar university and the author of Xizbulaah wa Xizbul Shaydaan.
11- Abdirahman Ahmed Ali (tuur) First Somaliland President
[edit] References
Habar Jeclo
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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This article does not cite any references or sources.
Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unverifiable material may be challenged and removed. (August 2008)
Main article: Somali clan
Habar Jeclo (Somali: Habarjeclo) is one of the three main Isaaq (إسØاق) clans. They are comprised from three of Sheikh Isaaq Ahmed's sons, Muusa, Mohamed and Ibrahim binu Is-haaq. They mostly live in the eastern parts of the self-declared state of Somaliland, stretching from the outskirts of the city of Berbera all the way to Ceel Afweyn in Sanaag. and Evigavo
Of the three sons the majority (about 90%) of the Habar Jeclo are descended from Muse binu Is-haaq. There are many families and subclans within the Habar Jeclo clan. Some who are larger than others and others that are very prominent in overseas country but less so in Somaliland. For example the descendants of Musa make up four large groups, which in turn go down to even more and more families. The three largest Habar Jeclo subclans are believed to be the Barre Adrahman subclan of the Musa Abokor, the Noah subclan of the Mohamed Abokor and the Reer Yonis subclan of Muse Abokor. In Somaliland the Mohamed Abokor, Samane Abokor, Sanbuur and Cibraan settled in the Togdheer Region and Haud, while the Muse Abokor is more concentrated in the Sool and Sanaag Regions.
[edit] Major subclans
• Adan Madoobe (wolf of the north)
• Ahmed Faarah
• Alah Magan Abdulle
• Ali Barre
• Ba'iide
• Farah Ba'iide
• Ahmed Farah Ba'iide(the lion of the north)
• Bayle faarah
• Eibraan
• Fahiye Farah
• Idarays
• Omar Jibriil
• Reer Daahir (eagle of the north)
• Reer Dood
• Reer Yoonis
• Samane Abokor
• Solomadaw
• Sanbuur
• Uduruhmiin
• Yeesif
• Ibreem Yeesif
[edit] Notable Habar Jeclo people
• Mohamed Ibrahim Warsame 'Hadrawi', Somali poet and songwriter
• Ahmed M. Mahamoud Silanyo, Kulmiye chairman; former SNM chairman
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Habar Awal
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Main article: Somali clan
Habar Awal (Somali: Habar Awal) is one of the major subclans of the Somali Isaaq family. Its members inhabit the western and northern portions of Woqooyi Galbeed, Saaxil, and northern Togdheer regions of Somaliland. They also inhabit Ethiopia's eastern Haud area and Djibouti. The Habar Awal is named for the youngest son of Sheikh Ishaaq. Awal had six sons:
• Ciise Muuse
• Sacad Muuse
• Afgaab Muuse
• Egale Muuse
• Cabadala Muuse
• Celi Muuse
The Sacad Muuse spilts into Isaxaaq Sacad (Xuseen Abokor, Jibriil Abokor, Abdalah Abokor, Ugaadh Abokor, Ciisa, Makaahil, Muse Case, Maxamed & Yaasuf.) Cabdala sacad, C/rahman sacad and xassan sacad (cabdala xassan)
The main clans of Ciise Muuse Are
• Aadan Ciise
• Maxamed Ciise
• Abakor Ciise
• Iderays Ciise
Aadan Ciise :-(particularly the Aadan Ciise had nine sub-clans), Maxamuud Jibriil ( Aadan Ciise) are very powerful, Afgaab-Muuse Spilits into two Daahir Afgaab And Nageeye Afgaab. Celi muuse splits into the Maxamed celi and Xuseen celi.
Habar Awal reside in at least three of the six regions of Somaliland, namely Woqooyi Galbeed, Saaxil and Togdheer. Also, in Woqooyi Galbeed, there is a prominent district region called Gabiley where most of the farms of Somaliland are located.
The two main sources of revenue for the Somaliland comes from Saaxil (Berbera port) and Woqooyi Galbeed (Gabiley customs), also they have a wealth of amimals (camel, cattle and sheep) in an area from hargeisa go ogaden and this makes the Habar Awal a very powerful and influential tribe in Somali politics and certainly in Somaliland.
[edit] Notables
• Muhammad Haji Ibrahim Egal, president of the self-proclaimed Republic of Somaliland
• Abdillahi Suldaan Mohammed Timacade, prominent Somali poet
• Rageh Omaar, journalist who currently works for Al Jazeera English
Main article: Somali clan
The Habar Yoonis (Somali: Habaryoonis) is a Somali clan, part of the larger Isaaq group. Habar is the maternal grouping in the Somali tribal segmentations. Said Garxajis married, from the Daarood sub-clan, Geri Koombe (Aba-Yoonis). The most numerous Said Garxajis are from his Daarood (Aba-Yoonis) wife and hence the maternal segment's name. The clan includes Eidegalla, Arap and Ayoup of the Isaaq clan. Also included in Habar Yoonis is the Eliye of the Issa clan, and finally the Harti sub-clan of the Abgaal and Sacad sub-clan of the Habar Gedir, both of which comprise of the larger Hawiye clan. As well, the Sheikhal, Saleebaan, and Ceyr of the Hawiye, the Ashraaf clan of the Rahanweyn are also included. The Habar Yoonis is a sub-clan of the Sheik Isaaq clan. They are famous for being the only sub-clan in Somaliland that has a sizable population in all the cities of Somaliland and Ethopia's Somali region. One of the ancestral cities of the Habar Yoonis is Burco and the Aroori plain, which they still inhabit and control to a great degree.
The Burco countryside where the Habar Yoonis dominate to this date.
Contents
[hide]
• 1 Clan structure
o 1.1 Cali Saciid
o 1.2 Carre Siciid
o 1.3 Isaxaaq care Siciid
o 1.4 Ismaciil Carre Siciid
o 1.5 Cabdalle Ismaaciil
o 1.6 Muuse Cabdalle
o 1.7 Abokor Looge
o 1.8 Faarax Maxamed
• 2 Cumar Cabdalle
• 3 Adan Cumar
• 4 Mohamed Adan
• 5 Xildiid Maxamed
• 6 Cismaan Xildiid
• 7 Xirsi Cismaan
o 7.1 Ceynaashe Xirsi
o 7.2 Sugulla Ceynaashe
o 7.3 Muuse Ismaaiil
o 7.4 Yoonis Ismaaciil
• 8 Musa Care
• 9 Has Three Sons
• 10 Damal Muse
o 10.1 Habar Yoonis Sultans
o 10.2 Idaares Abdalle
• 11 References
• 12 External links
[edit] Clan structure
Saciid Ismaaciil (Garxajis) Is Nick name and Has two sons
[edit] Cali Saciid
(Hassan Haaji and Faarax haaji) Faarax Haaji 1)Ismail Faarax and abdi Faarax
Ismail Faarax 1) Reer ciagaale dheere 2) Reer collow 3) reer Amarre 4) Reer AWAD 5) Reer aw cabdi 6) reer xasan xirsi 7) reer cali xirsi 8) reer cadaawe
HASSAN Haaji, 1) reer samater 2) reer siyaad 3) abdi hassan 4) cismaan hassan 5)cumar xasan 6)jidh jidhan
[edit] Carre Siciid
• Carre Saciid (larger group)
Carre had seven sons:
• Ismaaciil Carre (Cabdale, Muuse and Yoonis)
• Muuse Carre(Ibraahim, Hassan and Damal)
• Isxaaq Carre(Kaliil, Cabdalle, Qaasim)
• Dandaan Carre
• Kuul Carre
• Gambo Carre
• Makaahiil Carre
[edit] Isaxaaq care Siciid
1)Cabdalle Isaxaaq 2)Qaasim Isaxaaq 3)Kaliil Isaxaaq
Cabdalle Isaxaaq= Ahmed Hassan and Hussein Hassan
* Hussein Hassan, ( heer ugaadh, ahmed liig, and cali abdalle).
* Ahmed Hassan, (mahamed ahmed, hussein hassan, and (geeda saluug, salah geel))
[edit] Ismaciil Carre Siciid
Ismaciil Carre, a branch of the Habar Yoonis, is considered to be the largest family branch of all branches within Somali clans. He is the only 4th generation descendant of Isxaaq who is buried along him in his tomb.
His lineage was: Ismaciil, son of Carre, son of Said, son of Ismaiil, son of Sheikh Isaaq bin Ahmed. Ismaciil had three sons: Musse Ismaciil (Gadhweyne and Reer Cawl), Abdalle Ismaciil (Cumar Abdalle, Idarees Abdalle and Muuse Abdale) and Yonis Ismaciil (Sacad Yonis). Ismaciil Carre members are recognized to be the backbone of the SNM struggle against the rule of Somali dictator Siad Barre. Ismaciil Carre members live mostly in the Hawd Ethiopia, Burco, Erigabo, Nugaal, Sanaag and Togdheer regions of Somaliland.
Three Sons of Ismaaciil Carre
1. Muuse Ismaacil (reer Awl + Gadhweyn)
2. Yoonis Ismaaciil (Sacad Yoonis)
3. Cabdalle Ismaaciil (majority of this section)
[edit] Cabdalle Ismaaciil
Cabdalle Ismaacil had three sons, the largest of his descendant are among the Cumar Cabdalle (Omar Abdalla).
1- Idrays Cabdalle a-Muuse idarays -xasan muuse -xasan magan -xasan buureed b-Max/ed idarays c-Siciid idarays
2- Muuse Cabdalle 3- Cumar Cabdalle
[edit] Muuse Cabdalle
1- Abokor Looge 2- Faarax Maxamed
[edit] Abokor Looge
A- Cigaal Abokor 1)Maxamed Cigaal (reer Maxamed Casse) 2)Xassan Cigaal (reer Diiriye) 3) Beyle Cigaal subdivided into 1) Bagaalo (Muuse cabdi + Maxamed cabdi) 2) Farax cabdi and 3)Ismaaciil cabdi 4) Maax Cigaal (reer maax).
B- Muuse Abokor (divisions of Muuse also missing)
C- Cali Abokor: 1. Hagar Cali ( Rooble Hagar, Faarax Hagar ) 2. Xasan Cali ( divisions of Muuse also missing)
[edit] Faarax Maxamed
A- Xasan Faarax B- Cali Faarax (Bah Warsangali + Cali Xasan) C- Jibriil Faarax +Xuseen Faarax(Ba-Gumaroon)
D- Cabdi Xasan Faarax)1)CUMAR CABDI{2}GADIID CABDI E- Allamagan Faarax
[edit] Cumar Cabdalle
had three sons:
A- Ugaadh Cumar (a sub clan by itself) B- Kaliil Cumar C- Adan Cumar (which is the most numerous at this junction).
[edit] Adan Cumar
3 sections:
1. Cigaal Adan (grouped into Gumbuur)
2. Maxamed Adan (the most numerous)
3. Cilmi Adan (reer Cilmi)
[edit] Mohamed Adan
2 sections:
1. Xildiid Maxamed (the most numerous)
2. Rooble Maxamed (Carabala).
A- Baho Rooble B- Reer Samatar (the most numerous)
Rooble/carabala, are the providers of Akils (Caaqil) for their alliane Baho ismail (Rooble Maxamed+Idarays cabdalle+Abokor xildiid)
[edit] Xildiid Maxamed
4 sections:
1- Xasan Xildiid (grouped within Gumbuur alliance) 2- Xuseen Xildiid (reer Xuseen): A- Ismaaciil Xuseen B- Samtar Xuseen c- Galab Xuseen.
3- Abokor Xildiid (reer Abokor): A- Cali Abokor (most numerous) B- Ibraahin Abokor
4- Cismaan Xildiid (the most numerous)
[edit] Cismaan Xildiid
1. Mumin Cismaan
2. Cali Cismaan (Ba-Dhulbahante)
3. Cabdi Cismaan (Ba-Dhulbahnate)
4. Maxamuud Cismaan (Ba-Dhulbahnate)
5. Xirsi Cismaan.
6. Ibrahim Cismaan
7. Iidle Cismaan
[edit] Xirsi Cismaan
8 sections:
1. Ceynaashe Xirsi (17 sections)
2. Siciid Xirsi (reer Weyd + reer Waraabe + reer Cigaal + Cabdi )
3. Cabdi Xirsi (Cawd and Diiriye)
4. Warsame Xirsi
5. Faahiye Xirsi (geedi and ducaale)
6. yuusuf Xirsi
7. Cali Xirsi
8. Xildiid Xirsi.
[edit] Ceynaashe Xirsi
17 sections
1. Axmed Ceynaashe
2. Liibaan Ceynaashe
3. Sugulla Ceynaashe ( 18 sections)
4. Guutaale Caynaashe
5. Guuleed Caynaashe
6. Xirsi Caynaashe
7. Samaale Caynaashe
8. Faarax Caynaashe
9. Ciise Caynaashe
10. Butiye Caynaashe
11. Maygaag caynaashe
12. Kooshin Caynaashe
13. Cumar caynaashe
14. Cigaal Caynaashe
15. Cabdi Caynaashe
16. Suubaan Caynaashe
17. Wacays Caynaashe
[edit] Sugulla Ceynaashe
1. Diiriye Sugulla ( Bah Makahiil and Baha Diiriye)
2. Axmed Sugulla
3. Roble Sugulla
4. Maxamuud Sugule (bah Adam madoobe)
5. Ducaale sugule (bah Adam madoobe)
6. Maxamed Sugule (bah Adam madoobe)
7. Wacays Sugule
[edit] Muuse Ismaaiil
The Muuse Ismaaciil sub-clan of the Habar Yoonis is the second in population after the Cabdalle Ismaaciil. They inhabit the Sanaag region in Somaliland, and some parts of Sool around the district of Xudun. The Muuse Ismaaciil are the traditional inhabitants of the city of Erigavo. Some sections of the Muuse Ismaaciil (reer Cawl) settle in Burco and parts of Ethopia around Gorgor and Qalocan area of Wardheer district. They traditionally had their own sultan who governed the eastern sections of the Habar Yoonis.
• Sultaan Ducaale Muuse(1890-1955)was the first M.Ismaaciil sultan
• Sultaan Cali Suldaan Ducaale (1920-1977)
• Sultaan Rashid Sultan Cali the present sultan (b.1955).
Muuse Ismaaciil tribal divisions are:
• Salax Muuse
• Maxamed Muuse (urursuge)
• Saalax Muuse ( Tuurwaa)
• Yoonis Muuse.
The Tuurwaa are the most numerous and they are three sections:
• Muuse Tuurwaa
• Jibriil Tuurwaa (Xasan and Yoonis) (Qori Jarato)
• Cismaan Tuurwaa
The Cismaan and the Muuse Tuurwaa are the main divisions in terms of population in this stage of segmentation and they spilt as the following:
Cismaan Tuurwaaa:
• Xaamud Cismaan
• Cawl Cismaan (reer Cawl)
Xaamud Cismaan, 3 sections:
• Maxamud Xaamud
• Cabdale Xaamud
• Cabdi Xaamud
• Cawl Cismaan, Ugaadhyahan Cawl (1 son) ,
• Beyle Ugaadhyahan Cawl
• Faarax Ugaadhyahan Cawl
The Beyle Ugaahyahan are the largest and are the traditional enemy of the Daarood (Dhulbahante) sub-clan, this is the only major H.Y sub-clan that shares land with the Dhulbahante in the Hawd region. From this section of the clan hails the famous Guba poet Yawle.
Beyle Ugaadhyahan
• Maax Beyle
• Gadiid Beyle
• Cismaan Beyle (Yawle's sub-clan)
• Adan Beyle.
Notice some sub-clan division are missing, specially the Muuse Tuurwaa the second largest in Muuse Ismaaciil.
[edit] Yoonis Ismaaciil
Yoonis Ismaaciil is better known as the Sacad Yoonis subclan. Sacad Yoonis members live mostly in the eastern part of Somaliland, more specifically in Burco city, Sanaag, Sool, and western Nugaal Regions of Somaliland. Two of the 82 Somaliland parliament seats are held by Sacad Yoonis clan members. The link below is a visual breakdown of the Sacad Yoonis clan structure.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Sacad_yonis3.jpg
Sacad's sons:
• Hasan Sacad (largest branch)
• Maxamed Sacad (Iidarays)
• Maxamuud Sacad (Reer Maxamuud)
Hasan Sacad had son called Jibriil Hasan
Jibriil's sons, Barkad Jibriil, Rooble Jibriil, Adan Jibriil,
Barkad Jibriil had four sons:
• Cali Barkad
• Hasan Barkad
• Camaar Barkad
• Jaamac Barkad
Cali Barkad had three sons
• Faahiye Cali (reer Faahiye Cali)
• Ahmed Cali (reer Axmed Cali)
• Naaleye Cali (reer Naaleeye)
Faahiye Cali had three sons:
• Bayle Faahiye
• Caweer Faahiye (reer Caweer)
• Xildiid Faahiye (reer Xildiid)
Bayle faahiye had son Cumaar Bayle:
Cumaar Bayle had eight sons:
• Nuux Cumaar (Reer Nuux)
• Maxamed Cumaar (reer Xuseen)
• Cabdale Cumaar (reer Cabdale)
• Cali Cumaar
• Xasan Cumaar
• Xuseen Cumaar
• jibriil Cumaar
• Guuled Cumaar
Nuux Cumaar had six sons "Reer Nuux"
1. Cali Nuux (reer Cali nuux)
2. Diiriye Nuux
3. Liibaan nuux
4. Guuled Nuux
5. Dibjir Nuux
6. Daahiir Nuux
Cali Nuux had eight sons
1. Abokor cali (reer Abokor)
2. Wade Cali (reer Wade)
3. Rable Cali (reer Rable)
4. Magan Cali (reer Magan)
5. Ducaale Cali (reer Ducaale Cali)
6. Maxamuud Cali (reer Maxamuud Cali)
7. Axmed Cali (reer Axmed Cali)
8. Ibraahim (reer Ibraahim)
First Sacad Yoonis Caaqil was reer Nuux and still all Sacad Yoonis chief Caaqil is reer Nuux. The Present Sacad Yoonis Chief Caaqil is Saciid Xasan Cali (xuxuule).
Maxamed Sacad - Iidarays
1. Muse Samatar (largest group of the IIdarays)
2. Cabdi Samatar (split into Ba' Arab and Fiqi Egaal)
3. Reer Wacays
Iidarays are the original inhabitants of Ceelafweyn (Ceelafween), a town between Burco and Ceerigabo in Sanaag province of Somaliland. Mahammed Nuur (Fiqi Egaal) was the first man to build a home near the famous water basin in the town. The town now has a sizable popualtion of habar-jeclo clan members who originally lived in the mountains in the vicinity of Ceelafweyn. Iidarays also live in Ceerigabo, Burco, Dararweyne, and Xudun Area. There is a large diaspora population of Sacad Yoonis branches in the UK.
2, Maxamud sacad is divided two parts.
[edit] Musa Care
[edit] Has Three Sons
Ibrahim Muse, Hasan Muse and Damal Muse
Ibrahim Muse is the Largest section in Muse Care and his grandsons are 6
1- Jibriil Adan Fiqi 2- Muuse Adan Fiqi 3- Cali Adan Fiqi 4- Muxumed Adan Fiqi 5- CabdulRaxmaan Fiqi 6- Samane Fiqi
[edit] Damal Muse
1- Roble Damal == 2- Adan Damal ==
[edit] Habar Yoonis Sultans
The royal sub-clan (the one that provides the Sultans) of the Habar Yoonis are the Reer Sugule, who hail from the Caynanshe branch of the Habar Yoonis.
1- The first H.Y Sultan was Sultan Diiriye Suguule (1760-1840) 2- Sultaan Amaan Sultan Diiriye (1790-1854). 3- Sultaan Xirsi Sultan Amaan (1824-1879) 4- Sultaan Cawd sultan Diiriye (1830-1899)
In 1899 Sultan Cawd (Awd) was killed during a battle with the rival Daarood (Ogaden) tribe in western Ethiopia. There were 2 first cousins sultans each supported by different segments of the Habar Yoonis clan some Pro-Devrish and others opposed to it, the Pro-Devrish sultan Nuur A. Amaan eventually defeated his opponent Madar X. Amaan and for a period of 15 years him and his son held the sultantes, only after their death did the H.Y proclaimed him a sultan.
5- Sultaan Nuur Axmed Sultan Amaan (1844-1910)killed during the Devrish struggle. 6- Sultan Doolaal Sultan Nuur(1856-1917)also killed during the Devrish years. 7- Sultaan Madar Sultan Xirsi Amaan (1876-1938) 8- Sultaan Cali Sultan Madar (1900-1979) 9- Sultan Xirsi Qani (1916-1987) 10- Sultaan Yuusuf Sultan Xirsi Qani (1925-1991) 11- Sultaan Ciise sultan Xirsi Qani (1929-1999) 12- Sultan Cismaan Sultan Cali sultan Madar (b 1957) 13- Sultaan Maxamed Sultan Xirsi Qani (born 1967)
[edit] Idaares Abdalle
The oldest of the Abdalle Ismaciil sub-clan, who were also Sultans of the Habar Yoonis. Together with Reer Sugule (Current Emirs) they are known as "Reer Odweyne" after their town and where the Sultans reside.
Before 1960.
1-Shermaarke Saalax Baasha (1790-1861) the conqueror of Zaylac and the man who for the first time in Somali history brought Zaylac under the rule of Somalis, the first Somali Qadiif who in 1825 with 5 cannons and 60 H.Y musketeers took Zaylac and forced its Arab ruler Maxamed Al Baari out. He was accorded the title of Qadiif Al Soomaal by Cabdixamiid Baasha and was presented with two Arab and one Turkish slave women. The founder of what was referred to as the Government of Zaylac.
2- Sultaan Diiriye Suguule (1760-1844) the first H.Y sultan and the originator of over 30 Somali idioms and sayings.
3- Boqor Xirsi Amaan the warrior king (1823-1879) the first founder of centralized northern Somali state, the first sultan who ever imposed regulated tax on both the coast of Berbera and Bulaxaar, coining the Somali term of "sed boqortooyo" before 'cashuur' was even known. The only power the Persian recognized in Somalia in their bid to counter Siiciid Baraqash and the first Somali man to be referred to King Amaan by the Qajar Shaah of Iraan in 1857. Every year via his connection to Suur sultanates of Oman he received his Royal Presents from Persia. His wars against the Kuumbo in furthering his borders south west to Somali Galbeed and his legendary death in the battle with his cousin Guuleed Xaaji is a legend even among his enemies the Kuumubs:
Keysahaa aduun ina Amaan Koos Dhan Buu Heleye
Isba kii bani Israel ma hadin kamana yaabayne
Ragbuu keeno gali yidhi weysa soo kabiye
Ragow Kibirka waa lagu kufaa taana hala ogaado.
4- Sultaan Nuur Amaan (1844-1910) the first sultan who declared war against the British and gave shelter to the Dervish when all Kuumbu sultanates including Garaad Cali Garaad Maxamud (who sent a letter to the Brits crying for their help against what he called new religious fanatics, and who was killed as result), Sultaan Cali Shire, Boqor Osman mahamoud sided with the colonials. The first battle of the Devrish took place in Burco in 1899 when Sultan Nuur Amaan led the new devrish to Burco and later was forced to withdrew. Sultaan Nuur Amaan abondened his Sultanate for the cause and later was killed some say by the Devrish some say by some Kuumbu's.
6- Engineer Said Faarax (1910-1963) the first Somali civil engineer and a graduate of Edinburgh University class of 1933, the designer of Burco city roads and much of colonial infrastructures.
7- Maxamud Axmed Cali the Father of Somali education, the first modern Somali educator.
8- Xaaji Yuusuf Xaaji Aadan (1914-2005)(second Father of Somali Education, the first founder of Somali political party in Somaliland and pioneer of Somali education also the composer of the Somali national anthem.
9- Maxamed Naxar the first chairman of the SNL before Maxamed Xaaji Ibraahim Cigaal and among its founders.
10- Sayid Axmed Sheekh Muuse (1910-1979) the founder of the first religious party Xizbul Allah in 1957 and first Somali graduate of Azhar university and the author of Xizbulaah wa Xizbul Shaydaan.
11- Abdirahman Ahmed Ali (tuur) First Somaliland President
[edit] References
Habar Jeclo
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Main article: Somali clan
Habar Jeclo (Somali: Habarjeclo) is one of the three main Isaaq (إسØاق) clans. They are comprised from three of Sheikh Isaaq Ahmed's sons, Muusa, Mohamed and Ibrahim binu Is-haaq. They mostly live in the eastern parts of the self-declared state of Somaliland, stretching from the outskirts of the city of Berbera all the way to Ceel Afweyn in Sanaag. and Evigavo
Of the three sons the majority (about 90%) of the Habar Jeclo are descended from Muse binu Is-haaq. There are many families and subclans within the Habar Jeclo clan. Some who are larger than others and others that are very prominent in overseas country but less so in Somaliland. For example the descendants of Musa make up four large groups, which in turn go down to even more and more families. The three largest Habar Jeclo subclans are believed to be the Barre Adrahman subclan of the Musa Abokor, the Noah subclan of the Mohamed Abokor and the Reer Yonis subclan of Muse Abokor. In Somaliland the Mohamed Abokor, Samane Abokor, Sanbuur and Cibraan settled in the Togdheer Region and Haud, while the Muse Abokor is more concentrated in the Sool and Sanaag Regions.
[edit] Major subclans
• Adan Madoobe (wolf of the north)
• Ahmed Faarah
• Alah Magan Abdulle
• Ali Barre
• Ba'iide
• Farah Ba'iide
• Ahmed Farah Ba'iide(the lion of the north)
• Bayle faarah
• Eibraan
• Fahiye Farah
• Idarays
• Omar Jibriil
• Reer Daahir (eagle of the north)
• Reer Dood
• Reer Yoonis
• Samane Abokor
• Solomadaw
• Sanbuur
• Uduruhmiin
• Yeesif
• Ibreem Yeesif
[edit] Notable Habar Jeclo people
• Mohamed Ibrahim Warsame 'Hadrawi', Somali poet and songwriter
• Ahmed M. Mahamoud Silanyo, Kulmiye chairman; former SNM chairman
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Habar Awal
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Main article: Somali clan
Habar Awal (Somali: Habar Awal) is one of the major subclans of the Somali Isaaq family. Its members inhabit the western and northern portions of Woqooyi Galbeed, Saaxil, and northern Togdheer regions of Somaliland. They also inhabit Ethiopia's eastern Haud area and Djibouti. The Habar Awal is named for the youngest son of Sheikh Ishaaq. Awal had six sons:
• Ciise Muuse
• Sacad Muuse
• Afgaab Muuse
• Egale Muuse
• Cabadala Muuse
• Celi Muuse
The Sacad Muuse spilts into Isaxaaq Sacad (Xuseen Abokor, Jibriil Abokor, Abdalah Abokor, Ugaadh Abokor, Ciisa, Makaahil, Muse Case, Maxamed & Yaasuf.) Cabdala sacad, C/rahman sacad and xassan sacad (cabdala xassan)
The main clans of Ciise Muuse Are
• Aadan Ciise
• Maxamed Ciise
• Abakor Ciise
• Iderays Ciise
Aadan Ciise :-(particularly the Aadan Ciise had nine sub-clans), Maxamuud Jibriil ( Aadan Ciise) are very powerful, Afgaab-Muuse Spilits into two Daahir Afgaab And Nageeye Afgaab. Celi muuse splits into the Maxamed celi and Xuseen celi.
Habar Awal reside in at least three of the six regions of Somaliland, namely Woqooyi Galbeed, Saaxil and Togdheer. Also, in Woqooyi Galbeed, there is a prominent district region called Gabiley where most of the farms of Somaliland are located.
The two main sources of revenue for the Somaliland comes from Saaxil (Berbera port) and Woqooyi Galbeed (Gabiley customs), also they have a wealth of amimals (camel, cattle and sheep) in an area from hargeisa go ogaden and this makes the Habar Awal a very powerful and influential tribe in Somali politics and certainly in Somaliland.
[edit] Notables
• Muhammad Haji Ibrahim Egal, president of the self-proclaimed Republic of Somaliland
• Abdillahi Suldaan Mohammed Timacade, prominent Somali poet
• Rageh Omaar, journalist who currently works for Al Jazeera English
HONORABLE OMAR GEELE PRESIDENT OF DJABOUTI BIOGRAPHY
The Republic of Djibouti is situated at the junction of the rifts of the Gulf of Aden, the Red Sea and East Africa. Most of the country is volcanic. Some sedimentary formations of the Mesozoic era -- Jurassic lime and chalky stones -- can be found in the southeast of the country, especially around the town of Al-Sabieh. Djibouti, comprising 710,000 inhabitants, holds huge mineral resources, most of which remain untapped.
Djibouti's current president, Ismail Omar Guelleh, was born on 27 November 1947 in Direwada, Ethiopia. He is the son of one of Djibouti's first teachers and the nephew of Djibouti's first president, Hassan Gouled Aptidon. It was during Djibouti's fight for independence that Ismail Omar cut his teeth as a militant. Early into his political career, Guelleh devoted much energy to breathing new life into the Popular African League presided over by Aptidon. In 1976 Guelleh was a member of the Ligue Populaire Africaine pour l'Indépendance charged with negotiating terms of independence with Paris.
When independence was officially proclaimed, on 27 June 1977, Ismail Omar was appointed as chief of cabinet affairs. Guelleh was only 30 years old. Guelleh had to manage two major challenges: internal and external security and the risk of ethnic violence. His role as head of the secret police enhanced his political clout. Following the founding of the Rassemblement Populaire pour le Progrès (RPP) in 1979, Guelleh climbed the political ladder to the highest echelons becoming vice-president of the RPP in 1994. In April 1999 Guelleh succeeded President Aptidon at the age of 52.
Considered a political, social and economic reformer, Guelleh won a second term in one-man presidential elections in April 2005. All citizens of Djibouti are free to form political parties within the limits of constitutional and democratic principles. Guelleh received 97 per cent of the 72 per cent of Djiboutis who voted in the elections. His campaign included promises to tackle poverty and reduce Djibouti's dependence on food imports. Mr Guelleh supports Djibouti's traditionally strong ties with France and has tried to reconcile conflicting factions in neighbouring Somalia.
His Excellency Ismail Omar Guelleh believes 2007 will be crucial for Djibouti: "This year is the most significant year in the history of the Djibouti people. It's been 30 years now since we claimed our independence from France. This year, we are not only celebrating our 30th anniversary but we'll also start harvesting the fruits of projects we launched seven years ago. Thirty years could seem meaningless in the history of a nation, but looking at the challenges we faced, we have accomplished a lot. These achievements push our economy forward and provides great opportunities for securing our people a prosperous life."
After scrutinising the performance of the government in the past seven years, the president has established certain benchmarks of reform, in order to combat the rigidity of the economic, social and institutional system. "We have redefined our priorities and this will be the focus of the government in the coming years. A top priority concerns the economy and the reorganisation of public finances, following our commitment to structural adjustment. We are beginning to see the first results of our efforts at rationalising government on the way to clearing its debts. We have absorbed a budgetary deficit and the balance of payments has become positive in our favour, thanks to increasing export activities. We kept inflationary pressures under control at around six per cent."
Djibouti City
According to the president, economic growth is present and assured. "However, it remains modest compared with what is needed to guarantee the social and economic well-being of our population. Economic adjustments have had their negative effects with a relative increase in poverty and social insecurity. In order to remedy the worst effects, the government is doing everything possible to increase tax revenues, to contain inflation, and to direct a large part of its expenditure towards poverty reduction programmes as well as new statistical methods for better economic and social planning."
Mr Guelleh views decentralisation as an "important step towards increasing the participation of citizens in the process of economic and social change." This equally applies to the management of everyday public affairs. "The decentralisation plan is based on the principle of the local community's right to administer itself. It is a political project that aims to redistribute the state's power, relinquishing certain possibilities at the higher level and delegating these responsibilities among elected regional bodies."
Five regional communities have been created: Dikhil, Al-Sabieh, Tadjourah, Obock and Arta. Each has been incorporated and is endowed with elected regional assemblies as well as a regional executive created from members of these assemblies. The size of each assembly is determined on the basis of one deputy per 1,000 electors. Djibouti City's status differed from that of others. Members of regional assemblies are elected by universal suffrage. The ballot consists of the election of lists of candidates and it is organised in two rounds.
President Guelleh believes Djibouti needs to increase its stake in world trade. "The level of growth that we hope to achieve will only be possible if we can attract foreign investors into our country. Public works projects such as the new deep-water port in Doraleh, the strategic partnership with Dubai, and the Common Market of East and South Africa (COMESA) as well as newly established industrial and commercial zones should attract investors and enhance Djibouti's reputation as a distribution centrepoint and gateway to Africa."
"The COMESA stretches from the Horn of Africa to South Africa, also encompassing the islands of the Indian Ocean. It is a market of 340 million inhabitants. This common market, created in 1993, is functioning well. We benefit from trade accords with the European Union. Djibouti is therefore an attractive economic base to investors from countries without such access to the EU. Also, the special commercial and economic support that Djibouti enjoys from membership in the Arab League should become stronger with the construction of a common Arab market."
President Guelleh underlines, also, progress made in human resource capacities. "In a completely different sector, the first results of reforms undertaken in education and professional training illustrate that we have succeeded in bringing together demand and supply in primary, secondary and higher education by establishing the University of Djibouti. Notably, there has been remarkable growth of our technical capacities, as well as our human resources."
The University of Djibouti was opened in 2002. Incentives were created to encourage the return of graduated nationals interested in teaching careers. "The university system is based on distance learning, a method that worked very well for the training of primary and secondary school teachers. It is also based on the experience of teachers of the public secondary schools of Djibouti, who provided professional training courses. Already existing institutions of higher education have been integrated into the new university. Diplomas of the University of Djibouti are delivered by French institutions, and undergraduate courses no longer have the sole objective of preparing teachers."
Regarding challenges ahead, Guelleh believes that the success of the Djibouti's macro-economic equilibrium policy would be threatened were political stability and the principles of good governance absent. "This is why we have preferred a strict policy of financial transparency in the management of our resources in order to change the perception of the state and its institutions. We have also encouraged citizen's participation in public issues and we have guaranteed the values of our republican institutions. From now on, it falls upon the media, the political parties, and the different components of our civil society to play their roles and take part in [bolstering] pluralism, the foundation of democratic practice."
Since becoming president, the foreign policy of Djibouti has focused on strengthening and diversifying cooperative links with traditional partners. "This policy is in line with fundamental principles of mutual interest, friendly neighbours and economic development. At the same time, we affirm our will to cooperate in the fight against terrorism and extremism in all its forms, and our commitment to regional stability and peace."
In Guelleh's era, Djibouti's women were granted, in the parliamentary elections of January 2003, the right to run for office. A law passed in 2002 established a female quota in parliament. Ever since inauguration, Guelleh has reiterated his interest in the betterment of women's status. As a positive signal, Guelleh nominated a woman for a ministerial position, a first in Djibouti's history. Meanwhile, the cabinet includes three women. In a May 1999 declaration, the government vowed to fight against all forms of sexual discrimination.
According to President Guelleh, it would be difficult for any nation to develop if "half of its population is excluded from the decision making process." In 2000, Guelleh had noted that, "In spite of the energy spent by authorities, the sluggishness of reform due to cultural traditions constitutes the most important obstacle in our struggle for social equity." In addition to traditional obstacles, women face severe difficulties when working in the informal sector of the economy where their skills and competencies are not sufficiently appreciated.
To address this, a new law was adopted on 17 July 2002 and which defines a national policy for the integration of women into Djibouti's development strategy. "The goal is to increase the participation of women in decision making, especially in high priority areas such as the economy, education and health. The strategy defines the tasks and the short-term measures needed to make the activities of women an essential part of the country's development. To this end, it responds to the needs of development, modernity and more social equity, while respecting our cultural and religious values."
Other important reforms to improve women's conditions were adopted during President Guelleh's first term in office. For example, law number 152 of 31 January 2002 revises and updates the family code that integrates Islamic Sharia rights with common and modern law. It clarifies the otherwise vagueness of common law and the unclear codification of Islamic rules in terms of family law. Lack of clarity had had the effect of reducing women's rights, especially in case of divorce. The new code breaks with the practice of repudiation and states that it is within the judge's authority alone to announce the divorce of two spouses, the only exception being the case of mutual agreement.
But despite reforms taking part in some sectors, Djibouti still faces significant problems which stand in the way of the development process and investment. "The fight against poverty, water resource management, mining prospects, energy resources, rationalisation of key sectors of the economy, a system of justice accessible to the average citizen; all these are challenges to be confronted at the beginning of the third millennium." Guellah adds: "We are working very hard to find solutions but we need to be patient. It's a matter of time and we are going in the right direction."
Mr Guelleh counts on the ability of the people of Djibouti to find genuine solutions to their problems. "On a path full of potential pitfalls, let us keep alive the legendary wisdom that characterises Djiboutians more than any other people in the world, and which constitutes its prime national resource. We have paved the way for a better future and we are ready to take up all challenges that may lie ahead."
President Guelleh concludes: "Our country is engaged in a reform programme whose slow progress and modest and fragile results must not change our determination to implement this project. It is an ambitious project, but it is crucial for the future of our young nation."
________________________________________
Djibouti's current president, Ismail Omar Guelleh, was born on 27 November 1947 in Direwada, Ethiopia. He is the son of one of Djibouti's first teachers and the nephew of Djibouti's first president, Hassan Gouled Aptidon. It was during Djibouti's fight for independence that Ismail Omar cut his teeth as a militant. Early into his political career, Guelleh devoted much energy to breathing new life into the Popular African League presided over by Aptidon. In 1976 Guelleh was a member of the Ligue Populaire Africaine pour l'Indépendance charged with negotiating terms of independence with Paris.
When independence was officially proclaimed, on 27 June 1977, Ismail Omar was appointed as chief of cabinet affairs. Guelleh was only 30 years old. Guelleh had to manage two major challenges: internal and external security and the risk of ethnic violence. His role as head of the secret police enhanced his political clout. Following the founding of the Rassemblement Populaire pour le Progrès (RPP) in 1979, Guelleh climbed the political ladder to the highest echelons becoming vice-president of the RPP in 1994. In April 1999 Guelleh succeeded President Aptidon at the age of 52.
Considered a political, social and economic reformer, Guelleh won a second term in one-man presidential elections in April 2005. All citizens of Djibouti are free to form political parties within the limits of constitutional and democratic principles. Guelleh received 97 per cent of the 72 per cent of Djiboutis who voted in the elections. His campaign included promises to tackle poverty and reduce Djibouti's dependence on food imports. Mr Guelleh supports Djibouti's traditionally strong ties with France and has tried to reconcile conflicting factions in neighbouring Somalia.
His Excellency Ismail Omar Guelleh believes 2007 will be crucial for Djibouti: "This year is the most significant year in the history of the Djibouti people. It's been 30 years now since we claimed our independence from France. This year, we are not only celebrating our 30th anniversary but we'll also start harvesting the fruits of projects we launched seven years ago. Thirty years could seem meaningless in the history of a nation, but looking at the challenges we faced, we have accomplished a lot. These achievements push our economy forward and provides great opportunities for securing our people a prosperous life."
After scrutinising the performance of the government in the past seven years, the president has established certain benchmarks of reform, in order to combat the rigidity of the economic, social and institutional system. "We have redefined our priorities and this will be the focus of the government in the coming years. A top priority concerns the economy and the reorganisation of public finances, following our commitment to structural adjustment. We are beginning to see the first results of our efforts at rationalising government on the way to clearing its debts. We have absorbed a budgetary deficit and the balance of payments has become positive in our favour, thanks to increasing export activities. We kept inflationary pressures under control at around six per cent."
Djibouti City
According to the president, economic growth is present and assured. "However, it remains modest compared with what is needed to guarantee the social and economic well-being of our population. Economic adjustments have had their negative effects with a relative increase in poverty and social insecurity. In order to remedy the worst effects, the government is doing everything possible to increase tax revenues, to contain inflation, and to direct a large part of its expenditure towards poverty reduction programmes as well as new statistical methods for better economic and social planning."
Mr Guelleh views decentralisation as an "important step towards increasing the participation of citizens in the process of economic and social change." This equally applies to the management of everyday public affairs. "The decentralisation plan is based on the principle of the local community's right to administer itself. It is a political project that aims to redistribute the state's power, relinquishing certain possibilities at the higher level and delegating these responsibilities among elected regional bodies."
Five regional communities have been created: Dikhil, Al-Sabieh, Tadjourah, Obock and Arta. Each has been incorporated and is endowed with elected regional assemblies as well as a regional executive created from members of these assemblies. The size of each assembly is determined on the basis of one deputy per 1,000 electors. Djibouti City's status differed from that of others. Members of regional assemblies are elected by universal suffrage. The ballot consists of the election of lists of candidates and it is organised in two rounds.
President Guelleh believes Djibouti needs to increase its stake in world trade. "The level of growth that we hope to achieve will only be possible if we can attract foreign investors into our country. Public works projects such as the new deep-water port in Doraleh, the strategic partnership with Dubai, and the Common Market of East and South Africa (COMESA) as well as newly established industrial and commercial zones should attract investors and enhance Djibouti's reputation as a distribution centrepoint and gateway to Africa."
"The COMESA stretches from the Horn of Africa to South Africa, also encompassing the islands of the Indian Ocean. It is a market of 340 million inhabitants. This common market, created in 1993, is functioning well. We benefit from trade accords with the European Union. Djibouti is therefore an attractive economic base to investors from countries without such access to the EU. Also, the special commercial and economic support that Djibouti enjoys from membership in the Arab League should become stronger with the construction of a common Arab market."
President Guelleh underlines, also, progress made in human resource capacities. "In a completely different sector, the first results of reforms undertaken in education and professional training illustrate that we have succeeded in bringing together demand and supply in primary, secondary and higher education by establishing the University of Djibouti. Notably, there has been remarkable growth of our technical capacities, as well as our human resources."
The University of Djibouti was opened in 2002. Incentives were created to encourage the return of graduated nationals interested in teaching careers. "The university system is based on distance learning, a method that worked very well for the training of primary and secondary school teachers. It is also based on the experience of teachers of the public secondary schools of Djibouti, who provided professional training courses. Already existing institutions of higher education have been integrated into the new university. Diplomas of the University of Djibouti are delivered by French institutions, and undergraduate courses no longer have the sole objective of preparing teachers."
Regarding challenges ahead, Guelleh believes that the success of the Djibouti's macro-economic equilibrium policy would be threatened were political stability and the principles of good governance absent. "This is why we have preferred a strict policy of financial transparency in the management of our resources in order to change the perception of the state and its institutions. We have also encouraged citizen's participation in public issues and we have guaranteed the values of our republican institutions. From now on, it falls upon the media, the political parties, and the different components of our civil society to play their roles and take part in [bolstering] pluralism, the foundation of democratic practice."
Since becoming president, the foreign policy of Djibouti has focused on strengthening and diversifying cooperative links with traditional partners. "This policy is in line with fundamental principles of mutual interest, friendly neighbours and economic development. At the same time, we affirm our will to cooperate in the fight against terrorism and extremism in all its forms, and our commitment to regional stability and peace."
In Guelleh's era, Djibouti's women were granted, in the parliamentary elections of January 2003, the right to run for office. A law passed in 2002 established a female quota in parliament. Ever since inauguration, Guelleh has reiterated his interest in the betterment of women's status. As a positive signal, Guelleh nominated a woman for a ministerial position, a first in Djibouti's history. Meanwhile, the cabinet includes three women. In a May 1999 declaration, the government vowed to fight against all forms of sexual discrimination.
According to President Guelleh, it would be difficult for any nation to develop if "half of its population is excluded from the decision making process." In 2000, Guelleh had noted that, "In spite of the energy spent by authorities, the sluggishness of reform due to cultural traditions constitutes the most important obstacle in our struggle for social equity." In addition to traditional obstacles, women face severe difficulties when working in the informal sector of the economy where their skills and competencies are not sufficiently appreciated.
To address this, a new law was adopted on 17 July 2002 and which defines a national policy for the integration of women into Djibouti's development strategy. "The goal is to increase the participation of women in decision making, especially in high priority areas such as the economy, education and health. The strategy defines the tasks and the short-term measures needed to make the activities of women an essential part of the country's development. To this end, it responds to the needs of development, modernity and more social equity, while respecting our cultural and religious values."
Other important reforms to improve women's conditions were adopted during President Guelleh's first term in office. For example, law number 152 of 31 January 2002 revises and updates the family code that integrates Islamic Sharia rights with common and modern law. It clarifies the otherwise vagueness of common law and the unclear codification of Islamic rules in terms of family law. Lack of clarity had had the effect of reducing women's rights, especially in case of divorce. The new code breaks with the practice of repudiation and states that it is within the judge's authority alone to announce the divorce of two spouses, the only exception being the case of mutual agreement.
But despite reforms taking part in some sectors, Djibouti still faces significant problems which stand in the way of the development process and investment. "The fight against poverty, water resource management, mining prospects, energy resources, rationalisation of key sectors of the economy, a system of justice accessible to the average citizen; all these are challenges to be confronted at the beginning of the third millennium." Guellah adds: "We are working very hard to find solutions but we need to be patient. It's a matter of time and we are going in the right direction."
Mr Guelleh counts on the ability of the people of Djibouti to find genuine solutions to their problems. "On a path full of potential pitfalls, let us keep alive the legendary wisdom that characterises Djiboutians more than any other people in the world, and which constitutes its prime national resource. We have paved the way for a better future and we are ready to take up all challenges that may lie ahead."
President Guelleh concludes: "Our country is engaged in a reform programme whose slow progress and modest and fragile results must not change our determination to implement this project. It is an ambitious project, but it is crucial for the future of our young nation."
________________________________________
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