Somalia
THE SOMALIS: THEIR ORIGINS, MIGRATIONS, AND SETTLEMENT
Shaykh Abdulaziz Mosque, ninth century, Mogadishu
Courtesy R.W.S. Hudson
A paucity of written historical evidence forces the student of early Somalia to depend on the findings of archeology, anthropology, historical linguistics, and related disciplines. Such evidence has provided insights that in some cases have refuted conventional explanations of the origins and evolution of the Somali people. For example, where historians once believed that the Somalis originated on the Red Sea's western coast, or perhaps in southern Arabia, it now seems clear that the ancestral homeland of the Somalis, together with affiliated Cushite peoples, was in the highlands of southern Ethiopia, specifically in the lake regions. Similarly, the once-common notion that the migration and settlement of early Mus,lims followers of the Prophet Muhammad on the Somali coast in the early centuries of Islam had a significant impact on the Somalis no longer enjoys much academic support. Scholars now recognize that the Arab factor--except for the Somalis' conversion to Islam--is marginal to understanding the Somali past. Furthermore, conventional wisdom once held that Somali migrations followed a north-to-south route; the reverse of this now appears to be nearer the truth.
Increasingly, evidence places the Somalis within a wide family of peoples called Eastern Cushites by modern linguists and described earlier in some instances as Hamites. From a broader cultural-linguistic perspective, the Cushite family belongs to a vast stock of languages and peoples considered Afro-Asiatic. Afro-Asiatic languages in turn include Cushitic (principally Somali, Oromo, and Afar), the Hausa language of Nigeria, and the Semitic languages of Arabic, Hebrew, and Amharic. Medieval Arabs referred to the Eastern Cushites as the Berberi.
In addition to the Somalis, the Cushites include the largely nomadic Afar (Danakil), who straddle the Great Rift Valley between Ethiopia and Djibouti; the Oromo, who have played such a large role in Ethiopian history and in the 1990s constituted roughly one-half of the Ethiopian population and were also numerous in northern Kenya; the Reendille (Rendilli) of Kenya; and the Aweera (Boni) along the Lamu coast in Kenya. The Somalis belong to a subbranch of the Cushites, the Omo-Tana group, whose languages are almost mutually intelligible. The original home of the Omo-Tana group appears to have been on the Omo and Tana rivers, in an area extending from Lake Turkana in present-day northern Kenya to the Indian Ocean coast.
The Somalis form a subgroup of the Omo-Tana called Sam. Having split from the main stream of Cushite peoples about the first half of the first millennium B.C., the proto-Sam appear to have spread to the grazing plains of northern Kenya, where protoSam communities seem to have followed the Tana River and to have reached the Indian Ocean coast well before the first century A.D. On the coast, the proto-Sam splintered further; one group (the Boni) remained on the Lamu Archipelago, and the other moved northward to populate southern Somalia. There the group's members eventually developed a mixed economy based on farming and animal husbandry, a mode of life still common in southern Somalia. Members of the proto-Sam who came to occupy the Somali Peninsula were known as the so-called Samaale, or Somaal, a clear reference to the mythical father figure of the main Somali clan-families, whose name gave rise to the term Somali.
The Samaale again moved farther north in search of water and pasturelands. They swept into the vast Ogaden (Ogaadeen) plains, reaching the southern shore of the Red Sea by the first century A.D. German scholar Bernd Heine, who wrote in the 1970s on early Somali history, observed that the Samaale had occupied the entire Horn of Africa by approximately 100 A.D.
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Somalia
Coastal Towns
The expansion into the peninsula as far as the Red Sea and Indian Ocean put the Somalis in sustained contact with Persian and Arab immigrants who had established a series of settlements along the coast. From the eighth to the tenth centuries, Persian and Arab traders were already engaged in lucrative commerce from enclaves along the Red Sea and Indian Ocean as far south as the coast of present-day Kenya. The most significant enclave was the renowned medieval emporium of Saylac on the Gulf of Aden. In the sixteenth century, Saylac became the principal outlet for trade in coffee, gold, ostrich feathers, civet, and Ethiopian slaves bound for the Middle East, China, and India. Over time Saylac emerged as the center of Muslim culture and learning, famed for its schools and mosques. Eventually it became the capital of the medieval state of Adal, which in the sixteenth century fought off Christian Ethiopian domination of the highlands. Between 1560 and 1660, Ethiopian expeditions repeatedly harried Saylac, which sank into decay. Berbera replaced Saylac as the northern hub of Islamic influence in the Horn of Africa. By the middle of the sixteenth century, Saylac and Berbera had become dependencies of the sharifs of Mocha and in the seventeenth century passed to the Ottoman Turks, who exercised authority over them through locally recruited Somali governors.
The history of commercial and intellectual contact between the inhabitants of the Arabian and Somali coasts may help explain the Somalia's connection with the Prophet Muhammad. Early in the Prophet's ministry, a band of persecuted Muslims had, with the Prophet's encouragement, fled across the Red Sea into the Horn of Africa. There the Muslim's were afforded protection by the Ethiopian negus, or king. Thus, Islam may have been introduced into the Horn of Africa well before the faith took root in its Arabian native soil. The large-scale conversion of the Somalis had to await the arrival in the eleventh, twelfth, and thirteenth centuries of Muslim patriarchs, in particular, the renowned Shaykh Daarood Jabarti and Shaykh Isahaaq, or Isaaq. Daarood married Doombira Dir, the daughter of a local patriarch. Their issue gave rise to the confederacy that forms the largest clan-family (see Glossary) in Somalia, the Daarood. For his part, Shaykh Isaaq founded the numerous Isaaq clan-family in northern Somalia. Along with the clan (see Glossary) system of lineages (see Glossary), the Arabian shaykhs probably introduced into Somalia the patriarchal ethos and patrilineal genealogy typical of Indo-Europeans, and gradually replaced the indigenous Somali social organization, which, like that of many other African societies, may have been matrilineal (see The Segmentary Social Order , ch. 2).
Islam's penetration of the Somali coast, along with the immigration of Arabian elements, inspired a second great population movement reversing the flow of migration from northward to southward. This massive movement, which ultimately took the Somalis to the banks of the Tana River and to the fertile plains of Harear, in Ethiopia, commenced in the thirteenth century and continued to the nineteenth century. At that point, European interlopers appeared on the East African scene, ending Somali migration onto the East African plateau.
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Somalia
Emergence of Adal
In addition to southward migration, a second factor in Somali history from the fifteenth century onward was the emergence of centralized state systems. The most important of these in medieval times was Adal, whose influence at the height of its power and prosperity in the sixteenth century extended from Saylac, the capital, through the fertile valleys of the Jijiga and the Harer plateau to the Ethiopian highlands. Adal's fame derived not only from the prosperity and cosmopolitanism of its people, its architectural sophistication, graceful mosques, and high learning, but also from its conflicts with the expansionist Ethiopians. For hundreds of years before the fifteenth century, goodwill had existed between the dominant new civilization of Islam and the Christian neguses of Ethiopia. One tradition holds that Muhammad blessed Ethiopia and enjoined his disciples from ever conducting jihad (holy war) against the Christian kingdom in gratitude for the protection early Muslims had received from the Ethiopian negus. Whereas Muslim armies rapidly overran the more powerful empires of Persia and Byzantium soon after the birth of Islam, there was no jihad against Christian Ethiopia for centuries. The forbidding Ethiopian terrain of deep gorges, sharp escarpments, and perpendicular massifs that rise more than 4,500 meters also discouraged the Muslims from attempting a campaign of conquest against so inaccessible a kingdom.
Muslim-Christian relations soured during the reign of the aggressive Negus Yeshaq (ruled 1414-29). Forces of his rapidly expanding empire descended from the highlands to despoil Muslim settlements in the valley east of the ancient city of Harer. Having branded the Muslims "enemies of the Lord," Yeshaq invaded the Muslim Kingdom of Ifat in 1415. He crushed the armies of Ifat and put to flight in the wastes along the Gulf of Tadjoura (in present-day Djibouti) Ifat's king Saad ad Din. Yeshaq followed Saad ad Din to the island off the coast of Saylac (which still bears his name), where the Muslim king was killed. Yeshaq compelled the Muslims to offer tribute, and also ordered his singers to compose a gloating hymn of thanksgiving for his victory. In the hymn's lyrics, the word Somali appears for the first time in written record.
By the sixteenth century, the Muslims had recovered sufficiently to break through from the east into the central Ethiopian highlands. Led by the charismatic Imam Ahmad Guray (1506-43), the Muslims poured into Ethiopia, using scorched-earth tactics that decimated the population of the country. A Portuguese expedition led by Pedro da Gama, a son of Vasco da Gama who was looking for the Prester John of medieval European folklore--a Christian, African monarch of vast dominions--arrived from the sea and saved Ethiopia. The joint Portuguese-Ethiopian force used cannon to route the Muslims, whose imam died on the battlefield.
Somalia
Mogadishu and Its Banaadir Hinterlands
In the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, the southern city of Mogadishu became Somalia's most important city. Mogadishu, Merca, and Baraawe, had been major Somali coastal towns in medieval times. Their origins are unknown, but by the fourteenth century travelers were mentioning the three towns more and more as important centers of urban ease and learning. Mogadishu, the largest and most prosperous, dates back at least to the ninth century, when Persian and Arabian immigrants intermingled with Somali elements to produce a distinctive hybrid culture. The meaning of Mogadishu's name is uncertain. Some render it as a Somali version of the Arabic "maqad shah," or "imperial seat of the shah," thus hinting at a Persian role in the city's founding. Others consider it a Somali mispronunciation of the Swahili "mwyu wa" (last northern city), raising the possibility of its being the northernmost of the chain of Swahili city-states on the East African coast. Whatever its origin, Mogadishu was at the zenith of its prosperity when the well-known Arab traveler Ibn Batuta appeared on the Somali coast in 1331. Ibn Batuta describes "Maqdashu" as "an exceedingly large city" with merchants who exported to Egypt and elsewhere the excellent cloth made in the city.
Through commerce, proselytization, and political influence, Mogadishu and other coastal commercial towns influenced the Banaadir hinterlands (the rural areas outlying Mogadishu) in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries. Evidence of that influence was the increasing Islamization of the interior by sufis (Muslim mystics) who emigrated upcountry, where they settled among the nomads, married local women, and brought Islam to temper the random violence of the inhabitants.
By the end of the sixteenth century, the locus of intercommunication shifted upland to the well-watered region between the Shabeelle and Jubba rivers. Evidence of the shift of initiative from the coast to the interior may be found in the rise between 1550 and 1650 of the Ujuuraan (also seen as Ajuuraan) state, which prospered on the lower reaches of the interriverine region under the clan of the Gareen. The considerable power of the Ujuuraan state was not diminished until the Portuguese penetration of the East African coast in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. Among Somali towns and cities, only Mogadishu successfully resisted the repeated depredations of the Portuguese.
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Sunday, September 5, 2010
BEESHA CABAS MUUSE FARAX IYO DEEGAMADOODA BARO
Beesha cabaas Muuse Iyo beesha Magadle,iyo gobolka sanaag maxaa kala heesto is diwaangelinta.somaaliland_?
gobolka ay degaan beesha cabuus muuse iyo beesha magdle marka la fiiriyo caasimada cerigaabo iyo tuuloyinkoda beeshan oo loo yaqaano ama dadka deganka ay u yaqanaan magacweyn oo caan ku ah (beesha ugar)_
ugu dabeentin waxaa ku soo af jarnay ileen hadalka laguma tunto waxaa lee nahay in_(beesha ugar )_ ay indhaha furto oo la jaan qaado walaalaha ay degaanka wada degaan sida owgeed waxa wada ognahay in beesha cabaas muuse ee degan sida hoos ku xusan.
Gobolka sanaaag
• Casimada Gobalka cerigaabo iyo tuloyinka hosyimada
• Dagmada Laaasqoray iyo tuloyinka hosyimada
• Degmada baran iyo tuloyinka hosyimada
• Tuulada Mushxaleed
• Tuulada xabashawacle
• Tuulada hadaftimo
• Tuulada yuube
waxaa kalo jiro kuwa kale oo aan hadaa soo qadan oo isla markaana ku saleesan degaanada hoos yimidaada jamuriyada soomaaliland..
Beesha cumar muuse waxa ay dagtaa daganada
Gobalka bari
• Casimad gobalka bosaaso iyo tuuloyinka hosyimada
• Dagmada qandla iyo tuloyinka hosyimada
• Dagmada iskushuban iyo tuloyinka hosyimada
• Dagmada caluula iyo tuloyinka hosyimada
• Tulaada Xaafuun
Beesha cabaas Muuse Iyo beesha Magadle waxa ay degtaa
BEESHA CABAS MUUSE MAR AAN TAGAY HARGEEYSA WAXAAN SOO OGAADAY IN AY DAGAN YIHIIN WOOQOOYIGA SIIBA MAGALADA SHEEKH EE DARIIQADA.
SUURAHA BADAN EE XAMAR KA QAXAY WAA IN AY RAADSHAAN BEESHAN SURRE EE ISKA LUNTAY, SIIBA KUWA HADA JOOGA HARGEEYSA WAA IN AY U YEERAN OO LA SHIRAAN KUWAN JOOGA MAGALADA SHEEKH.
GUUL SUURE
gobolka ay degaan beesha cabuus muuse iyo beesha magdle marka la fiiriyo caasimada cerigaabo iyo tuuloyinkoda beeshan oo loo yaqaano ama dadka deganka ay u yaqanaan magacweyn oo caan ku ah (beesha ugar)_
ugu dabeentin waxaa ku soo af jarnay ileen hadalka laguma tunto waxaa lee nahay in_(beesha ugar )_ ay indhaha furto oo la jaan qaado walaalaha ay degaanka wada degaan sida owgeed waxa wada ognahay in beesha cabaas muuse ee degan sida hoos ku xusan.
Gobolka sanaaag
• Casimada Gobalka cerigaabo iyo tuloyinka hosyimada
• Dagmada Laaasqoray iyo tuloyinka hosyimada
• Degmada baran iyo tuloyinka hosyimada
• Tuulada Mushxaleed
• Tuulada xabashawacle
• Tuulada hadaftimo
• Tuulada yuube
waxaa kalo jiro kuwa kale oo aan hadaa soo qadan oo isla markaana ku saleesan degaanada hoos yimidaada jamuriyada soomaaliland..
Beesha cumar muuse waxa ay dagtaa daganada
Gobalka bari
• Casimad gobalka bosaaso iyo tuuloyinka hosyimada
• Dagmada qandla iyo tuloyinka hosyimada
• Dagmada iskushuban iyo tuloyinka hosyimada
• Dagmada caluula iyo tuloyinka hosyimada
• Tulaada Xaafuun
Beesha cabaas Muuse Iyo beesha Magadle waxa ay degtaa
BEESHA CABAS MUUSE MAR AAN TAGAY HARGEEYSA WAXAAN SOO OGAADAY IN AY DAGAN YIHIIN WOOQOOYIGA SIIBA MAGALADA SHEEKH EE DARIIQADA.
SUURAHA BADAN EE XAMAR KA QAXAY WAA IN AY RAADSHAAN BEESHAN SURRE EE ISKA LUNTAY, SIIBA KUWA HADA JOOGA HARGEEYSA WAA IN AY U YEERAN OO LA SHIRAAN KUWAN JOOGA MAGALADA SHEEKH.
GUUL SUURE
PRESIDENT CUMAR GEELE OF DJABUTI A MADOOBE DIR STATESMAN
Thursday, April 05, 2007
Djibouti President Ismail Omar Guelleh tells Inas Mazhar about his country's achievements, and the challenges ahead
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Ismail Omar Guelleh: 'On a path full of potential pitfalls, let us keep alive the legendary wisdom that characterises Djiboutians more than any other people in the world, and which constitutes its prime national resource'.
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The Republic of Djibouti is situated at the junction of the rifts of the Gulf of Aden, the Red Sea and East Africa. Most of the country is volcanic. Some sedimentary formations of the Mesozoic era -- Jurassic lime and chalky stones -- can be found in the southeast of the country, especially around the town of Al-Sabieh. Djibouti, comprising 710,000 inhabitants, holds huge mineral resources, most of which remain untapped.
Djibouti's current president, Ismail Omar Guelleh, was born on 27 November 1947 in Direwada, Ethiopia. He is the son of one of Djibouti's first teachers and the nephew of Djibouti's first president, Hassan Gouled Aptidon. It was during Djibouti's fight for independence that Ismail Omar cut his teeth as a militant. Early into his political career, Guelleh devoted much energy to breathing new life into the Popular African League presided over by Aptidon. In 1976 Guelleh was a member of the Ligue Populaire Africaine pour l'Indépendance charged with negotiating terms of independence with Paris.
When independence was officially proclaimed, on 27 June 1977, Ismail Omar was appointed as chief of cabinet affairs. Guelleh was only 30 years old. Guelleh had to manage two major challenges: internal and external security and the risk of ethnic violence. His role as head of the secret police enhanced his political clout. Following the founding of the Rassemblement Populaire pour le Progrès (RPP) in 1979, Guelleh climbed the political ladder to the highest echelons becoming vice-president of the RPP in 1994. In April 1999 Guelleh succeeded President Aptidon at the age of 52.
Considered a political, social and economic reformer, Guelleh won a second term in one-man presidential elections in April 2005. All citizens of Djibouti are free to form political parties within the limits of constitutional and democratic principles. Guelleh received 97 per cent of the 72 per cent of Djiboutis who voted in the elections. His campaign included promises to tackle poverty and reduce Djibouti's dependence on food imports. Mr Guelleh supports Djibouti's traditionally strong ties with France and has tried to reconcile conflicting factions in neighbouring Somalia.
His Excellency Ismail Omar Guelleh believes 2007 will be crucial for Djibouti: "This year is the most significant year in the history of the Djibouti people. It's been 30 years now since we claimed our independence from France. This year, we are not only celebrating our 30th anniversary but we'll also start harvesting the fruits of projects we launched seven years ago. Thirty years could seem meaningless in the history of a nation, but looking at the challenges we faced, we have accomplished a lot. These achievements push our economy forward and provides great opportunities for securing our people a prosperous life."
After scrutinising the performance of the government in the past seven years, the president has established certain benchmarks of reform, in order to combat the rigidity of the economic, social and institutional system. "We have redefined our priorities and this will be the focus of the government in the coming years. A top priority concerns the economy and the reorganisation of public finances, following our commitment to structural adjustment. We are beginning to see the first results of our efforts at rationalising government on the way to clearing its debts. We have absorbed a budgetary deficit and the balance of payments has become positive in our favour, thanks to increasing export activities. We kept inflationary pressures under control at around six per cent."
Djibouti City
According to the president, economic growth is present and assured. "However, it remains modest compared with what is needed to guarantee the social and economic well-being of our population. Economic adjustments have had their negative effects with a relative increase in poverty and social insecurity. In order to remedy the worst effects, the government is doing everything possible to increase tax revenues, to contain inflation, and to direct a large part of its expenditure towards poverty reduction programmes as well as new statistical methods for better economic and social planning."
Mr Guelleh views decentralisation as an "important step towards increasing the participation of citizens in the process of economic and social change." This equally applies to the management of everyday public affairs. "The decentralisation plan is based on the principle of the local community's right to administer itself. It is a political project that aims to redistribute the state's power, relinquishing certain possibilities at the higher level and delegating these responsibilities among elected regional bodies."
Five regional communities have been created: Dikhil, Al-Sabieh, Tadjourah, Obock and Arta. Each has been incorporated and is endowed with elected regional assemblies as well as a regional executive created from members of these assemblies. The size of each assembly is determined on the basis of one deputy per 1,000 electors. Djibouti City's status differed from that of others. Members of regional assemblies are elected by universal suffrage. The ballot consists of the election of lists of candidates and it is organised in two rounds.
President Guelleh believes Djibouti needs to increase its stake in world trade. "The level of growth that we hope to achieve will only be possible if we can attract foreign investors into our country. Public works projects such as the new deep-water port in Doraleh, the strategic partnership with Dubai, and the Common Market of East and South Africa (COMESA) as well as newly established industrial and commercial zones should attract investors and enhance Djibouti's reputation as a distribution centrepoint and gateway to Africa."
"The COMESA stretches from the Horn of Africa to South Africa, also encompassing the islands of the Indian Ocean. It is a market of 340 million inhabitants. This common market, created in 1993, is functioning well. We benefit from trade accords with the European Union. Djibouti is therefore an attractive economic base to investors from countries without such access to the EU. Also, the special commercial and economic support that Djibouti enjoys from membership in the Arab League should become stronger with the construction of a common Arab market."
President Guelleh underlines, also, progress made in human resource capacities. "In a completely different sector, the first results of reforms undertaken in education and professional training illustrate that we have succeeded in bringing together demand and supply in primary, secondary and higher education by establishing the University of Djibouti. Notably, there has been remarkable growth of our technical capacities, as well as our human resources."
The University of Djibouti was opened in 2002. Incentives were created to encourage the return of graduated nationals interested in teaching careers. "The university system is based on distance learning, a method that worked very well for the training of primary and secondary school teachers. It is also based on the experience of teachers of the public secondary schools of Djibouti, who provided professional training courses. Already existing institutions of higher education have been integrated into the new university. Diplomas of the University of Djibouti are delivered by French institutions, and undergraduate courses no longer have the sole objective of preparing teachers."
Regarding challenges ahead, Guelleh believes that the success of the Djibouti's macro-economic equilibrium policy would be threatened were political stability and the principles of good governance absent. "This is why we have preferred a strict policy of financial transparency in the management of our resources in order to change the perception of the state and its institutions. We have also encouraged citizen's participation in public issues and we have guaranteed the values of our republican institutions. From now on, it falls upon the media, the political parties, and the different components of our civil society to play their roles and take part in [bolstering] pluralism, the foundation of democratic practice."
Since becoming president, the foreign policy of Djibouti has focused on strengthening and diversifying cooperative links with traditional partners. "This policy is in line with fundamental principles of mutual interest, friendly neighbours and economic development. At the same time, we affirm our will to cooperate in the fight against terrorism and extremism in all its forms, and our commitment to regional stability and peace."
In Guelleh's era, Djibouti's women were granted, in the parliamentary elections of January 2003, the right to run for office. A law passed in 2002 established a female quota in parliament. Ever since inauguration, Guelleh has reiterated his interest in the betterment of women's status. As a positive signal, Guelleh nominated a woman for a ministerial position, a first in Djibouti's history. Meanwhile, the cabinet includes three women. In a May 1999 declaration, the government vowed to fight against all forms of sexual discrimination.
According to President Guelleh, it would be difficult for any nation to develop if "half of its population is excluded from the decision making process." In 2000, Guelleh had noted that, "In spite of the energy spent by authorities, the sluggishness of reform due to cultural traditions constitutes the most important obstacle in our struggle for social equity." In addition to traditional obstacles, women face severe difficulties when working in the informal sector of the economy where their skills and competencies are not sufficiently appreciated.
To address this, a new law was adopted on 17 July 2002 and which defines a national policy for the integration of women into Djibouti's development strategy. "The goal is to increase the participation of women in decision making, especially in high priority areas such as the economy, education and health. The strategy defines the tasks and the short-term measures needed to make the activities of women an essential part of the country's development. To this end, it responds to the needs of development, modernity and more social equity, while respecting our cultural and religious values."
Other important reforms to improve women's conditions were adopted during President Guelleh's first term in office. For example, law number 152 of 31 January 2002 revises and updates the family code that integrates Islamic Sharia rights with common and modern law. It clarifies the otherwise vagueness of common law and the unclear codification of Islamic rules in terms of family law. Lack of clarity had had the effect of reducing women's rights, especially in case of divorce. The new code breaks with the practice of repudiation and states that it is within the judge's authority alone to announce the divorce of two spouses, the only exception being the case of mutual agreement.
But despite reforms taking part in some sectors, Djibouti still faces significant problems which stand in the way of the development process and investment. "The fight against poverty, water resource management, mining prospects, energy resources, rationalisation of key sectors of the economy, a system of justice accessible to the average citizen; all these are challenges to be confronted at the beginning of the third millennium." Guellah adds: "We are working very hard to find solutions but we need to be patient. It's a matter of time and we are going in the right direction."
Mr Guelleh counts on the ability of the people of Djibouti to find genuine solutions to their problems. "On a path full of potential pitfalls, let us keep alive the legendary wisdom that characterises Djiboutians more than any other people in the world, and which constitutes its prime national resource. We have paved the way for a better future and we are ready to take up all challenges that may lie ahead."
President Guelleh concludes: "Our country is engaged in a reform programme whose slow progress and modest and fragile results must not change our determination to implement this project. It is an ambitious project, but it is crucial for the future of our young nation."
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Djibouti President Ismail Omar Guelleh tells Inas Mazhar about his country's achievements, and the challenges ahead
________________________________________
Ismail Omar Guelleh: 'On a path full of potential pitfalls, let us keep alive the legendary wisdom that characterises Djiboutians more than any other people in the world, and which constitutes its prime national resource'.
________________________________________
The Republic of Djibouti is situated at the junction of the rifts of the Gulf of Aden, the Red Sea and East Africa. Most of the country is volcanic. Some sedimentary formations of the Mesozoic era -- Jurassic lime and chalky stones -- can be found in the southeast of the country, especially around the town of Al-Sabieh. Djibouti, comprising 710,000 inhabitants, holds huge mineral resources, most of which remain untapped.
Djibouti's current president, Ismail Omar Guelleh, was born on 27 November 1947 in Direwada, Ethiopia. He is the son of one of Djibouti's first teachers and the nephew of Djibouti's first president, Hassan Gouled Aptidon. It was during Djibouti's fight for independence that Ismail Omar cut his teeth as a militant. Early into his political career, Guelleh devoted much energy to breathing new life into the Popular African League presided over by Aptidon. In 1976 Guelleh was a member of the Ligue Populaire Africaine pour l'Indépendance charged with negotiating terms of independence with Paris.
When independence was officially proclaimed, on 27 June 1977, Ismail Omar was appointed as chief of cabinet affairs. Guelleh was only 30 years old. Guelleh had to manage two major challenges: internal and external security and the risk of ethnic violence. His role as head of the secret police enhanced his political clout. Following the founding of the Rassemblement Populaire pour le Progrès (RPP) in 1979, Guelleh climbed the political ladder to the highest echelons becoming vice-president of the RPP in 1994. In April 1999 Guelleh succeeded President Aptidon at the age of 52.
Considered a political, social and economic reformer, Guelleh won a second term in one-man presidential elections in April 2005. All citizens of Djibouti are free to form political parties within the limits of constitutional and democratic principles. Guelleh received 97 per cent of the 72 per cent of Djiboutis who voted in the elections. His campaign included promises to tackle poverty and reduce Djibouti's dependence on food imports. Mr Guelleh supports Djibouti's traditionally strong ties with France and has tried to reconcile conflicting factions in neighbouring Somalia.
His Excellency Ismail Omar Guelleh believes 2007 will be crucial for Djibouti: "This year is the most significant year in the history of the Djibouti people. It's been 30 years now since we claimed our independence from France. This year, we are not only celebrating our 30th anniversary but we'll also start harvesting the fruits of projects we launched seven years ago. Thirty years could seem meaningless in the history of a nation, but looking at the challenges we faced, we have accomplished a lot. These achievements push our economy forward and provides great opportunities for securing our people a prosperous life."
After scrutinising the performance of the government in the past seven years, the president has established certain benchmarks of reform, in order to combat the rigidity of the economic, social and institutional system. "We have redefined our priorities and this will be the focus of the government in the coming years. A top priority concerns the economy and the reorganisation of public finances, following our commitment to structural adjustment. We are beginning to see the first results of our efforts at rationalising government on the way to clearing its debts. We have absorbed a budgetary deficit and the balance of payments has become positive in our favour, thanks to increasing export activities. We kept inflationary pressures under control at around six per cent."
Djibouti City
According to the president, economic growth is present and assured. "However, it remains modest compared with what is needed to guarantee the social and economic well-being of our population. Economic adjustments have had their negative effects with a relative increase in poverty and social insecurity. In order to remedy the worst effects, the government is doing everything possible to increase tax revenues, to contain inflation, and to direct a large part of its expenditure towards poverty reduction programmes as well as new statistical methods for better economic and social planning."
Mr Guelleh views decentralisation as an "important step towards increasing the participation of citizens in the process of economic and social change." This equally applies to the management of everyday public affairs. "The decentralisation plan is based on the principle of the local community's right to administer itself. It is a political project that aims to redistribute the state's power, relinquishing certain possibilities at the higher level and delegating these responsibilities among elected regional bodies."
Five regional communities have been created: Dikhil, Al-Sabieh, Tadjourah, Obock and Arta. Each has been incorporated and is endowed with elected regional assemblies as well as a regional executive created from members of these assemblies. The size of each assembly is determined on the basis of one deputy per 1,000 electors. Djibouti City's status differed from that of others. Members of regional assemblies are elected by universal suffrage. The ballot consists of the election of lists of candidates and it is organised in two rounds.
President Guelleh believes Djibouti needs to increase its stake in world trade. "The level of growth that we hope to achieve will only be possible if we can attract foreign investors into our country. Public works projects such as the new deep-water port in Doraleh, the strategic partnership with Dubai, and the Common Market of East and South Africa (COMESA) as well as newly established industrial and commercial zones should attract investors and enhance Djibouti's reputation as a distribution centrepoint and gateway to Africa."
"The COMESA stretches from the Horn of Africa to South Africa, also encompassing the islands of the Indian Ocean. It is a market of 340 million inhabitants. This common market, created in 1993, is functioning well. We benefit from trade accords with the European Union. Djibouti is therefore an attractive economic base to investors from countries without such access to the EU. Also, the special commercial and economic support that Djibouti enjoys from membership in the Arab League should become stronger with the construction of a common Arab market."
President Guelleh underlines, also, progress made in human resource capacities. "In a completely different sector, the first results of reforms undertaken in education and professional training illustrate that we have succeeded in bringing together demand and supply in primary, secondary and higher education by establishing the University of Djibouti. Notably, there has been remarkable growth of our technical capacities, as well as our human resources."
The University of Djibouti was opened in 2002. Incentives were created to encourage the return of graduated nationals interested in teaching careers. "The university system is based on distance learning, a method that worked very well for the training of primary and secondary school teachers. It is also based on the experience of teachers of the public secondary schools of Djibouti, who provided professional training courses. Already existing institutions of higher education have been integrated into the new university. Diplomas of the University of Djibouti are delivered by French institutions, and undergraduate courses no longer have the sole objective of preparing teachers."
Regarding challenges ahead, Guelleh believes that the success of the Djibouti's macro-economic equilibrium policy would be threatened were political stability and the principles of good governance absent. "This is why we have preferred a strict policy of financial transparency in the management of our resources in order to change the perception of the state and its institutions. We have also encouraged citizen's participation in public issues and we have guaranteed the values of our republican institutions. From now on, it falls upon the media, the political parties, and the different components of our civil society to play their roles and take part in [bolstering] pluralism, the foundation of democratic practice."
Since becoming president, the foreign policy of Djibouti has focused on strengthening and diversifying cooperative links with traditional partners. "This policy is in line with fundamental principles of mutual interest, friendly neighbours and economic development. At the same time, we affirm our will to cooperate in the fight against terrorism and extremism in all its forms, and our commitment to regional stability and peace."
In Guelleh's era, Djibouti's women were granted, in the parliamentary elections of January 2003, the right to run for office. A law passed in 2002 established a female quota in parliament. Ever since inauguration, Guelleh has reiterated his interest in the betterment of women's status. As a positive signal, Guelleh nominated a woman for a ministerial position, a first in Djibouti's history. Meanwhile, the cabinet includes three women. In a May 1999 declaration, the government vowed to fight against all forms of sexual discrimination.
According to President Guelleh, it would be difficult for any nation to develop if "half of its population is excluded from the decision making process." In 2000, Guelleh had noted that, "In spite of the energy spent by authorities, the sluggishness of reform due to cultural traditions constitutes the most important obstacle in our struggle for social equity." In addition to traditional obstacles, women face severe difficulties when working in the informal sector of the economy where their skills and competencies are not sufficiently appreciated.
To address this, a new law was adopted on 17 July 2002 and which defines a national policy for the integration of women into Djibouti's development strategy. "The goal is to increase the participation of women in decision making, especially in high priority areas such as the economy, education and health. The strategy defines the tasks and the short-term measures needed to make the activities of women an essential part of the country's development. To this end, it responds to the needs of development, modernity and more social equity, while respecting our cultural and religious values."
Other important reforms to improve women's conditions were adopted during President Guelleh's first term in office. For example, law number 152 of 31 January 2002 revises and updates the family code that integrates Islamic Sharia rights with common and modern law. It clarifies the otherwise vagueness of common law and the unclear codification of Islamic rules in terms of family law. Lack of clarity had had the effect of reducing women's rights, especially in case of divorce. The new code breaks with the practice of repudiation and states that it is within the judge's authority alone to announce the divorce of two spouses, the only exception being the case of mutual agreement.
But despite reforms taking part in some sectors, Djibouti still faces significant problems which stand in the way of the development process and investment. "The fight against poverty, water resource management, mining prospects, energy resources, rationalisation of key sectors of the economy, a system of justice accessible to the average citizen; all these are challenges to be confronted at the beginning of the third millennium." Guellah adds: "We are working very hard to find solutions but we need to be patient. It's a matter of time and we are going in the right direction."
Mr Guelleh counts on the ability of the people of Djibouti to find genuine solutions to their problems. "On a path full of potential pitfalls, let us keep alive the legendary wisdom that characterises Djiboutians more than any other people in the world, and which constitutes its prime national resource. We have paved the way for a better future and we are ready to take up all challenges that may lie ahead."
President Guelleh concludes: "Our country is engaged in a reform programme whose slow progress and modest and fragile results must not change our determination to implement this project. It is an ambitious project, but it is crucial for the future of our young nation."
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BEENTA DANJIRE CAWIL LAGA FIDIYAY CUMAR MUUSE
SUNDAY JUNE 12, 2005
BEENTA DANJIRE CAWIL LAGA FIDIYAY
BEENTA DANJIRE CAWIL LAGA FIDIYAY
Maxamed Axmed Cawil Danjiraha Soomaaliya ee Shiinaha Waa nin ceynkee ah.?
Waxaa 9/6/2005 shir ay golaha wasiirada dowladda faderaalka kmg ah yeesheen uuna shir gudoominayey ra`iisulwasaare Cali Max’ed Geedi lagu magacaabey xubno ay ka mid ahaayeen safiirada Soomaaliya u fadhin doona Shiinaha iyo Qaramada midoobey.
hadaba waxa is waydiin mudan waa nin noocee ah Maxemed Axmed Cawil oo ah ninkan loo magacaabey safiirka soomaaliya u fadhin doona dalka shiinaha, dad badani waa garan karaan shaqsigaas, maahan dublumaasi hore, maahan nin magac weyn ku dhex leh bulshada soomaaliyeed, maahan nin hadaad sifaacan u baratid aad hawl qaran oo noocaas ah aad ku aamin laheyd.
Waa nin dhalin yaro ah waxaa uu shirka soomaalida ku soo biiray xiligii shirku ka socdey magaalada Eldoret ee dalka kenya, waxaa uu ka yimid dal ka mid ah dalalka Yurub waa dalka Sweden wuxuuna sheegaa inuu haysto dhalashada dalka sweden.
Waa nin dhalin yaro ah oo firfircoon aadna u indha adag meel walba si fudud ku gala waxaa uu hadba dabaysha u racaa dhankay u socoto si uusan meelna wax ugu gafin, waxaa uu ka mid ahaa koox soomaali aheyd oo intii uu shirku ka socdey Eldoret ku doodey in ay masiixiyiinta laga tirada badan yahay ee soomaaliya wakiil ka yihiin waxanya dalbadeen in loo qoondeeyo ergo u gaar ah arrintaas waxaa aad uga horyimid ergadii soomaaliyeed ee shirka ka qeybgalaysay.
Waa nin dadka sifiican u yaqaanaa ay ku tilmaamaan nin ku aqdaamta beenta iyo wax isdaba marinta wararka la xaqiijiyey ayaa sheegaya inuu dhawr safaaradood ka qaatoo xooga mushaaro ah oo uu uga badasho xog siin ama jaajuusnimo.
Ninkaan hadda loo magaacabey safiirka soomaaliya u fadhiya dalka shiinaha waxaa uu dad badan u sheegay xiligaas inuu yahay masiixi laakiin dadkaasi waxaa ay ahaayeeen dad uu ku kalsoonaa balse warku waa baxay wuuna dareemay in ergooyinkii shirku xanteen marka laga reebo dad kooban oo ogaa qoraaladii uu ugubiyey ergaygii dowlada kenya ee shirka Elijah Mwangale qoraaladaas oo uu ku saxiixii jiray wakiilka (Somali Christian minority)
Inankaani waxaa uu u noqdey mudadii shirku socdey adeege qorsoon dhawr safaaradood oo shisheeye ah si ay wax uga ogaadaan gunta hoose ee soomaalida sababtoo ah inanku waxaa uu ku hadlaa dhawr luuqadood mararka qaarkood waxaa uu sheegen jiray inuu la shaqeeyo safaaradda Sweden, waxayna dadka sida fiican u yaqaanan ku sifeeyaan inuu yahay nin aan xuduud laheyn oo aan ka shaqeyn karin dan qaran oo gaarsiisan heer safiir.
Dad badan markii ay maqleen in safaaradii Soomaalida ee dalka Shiinaha loo magacaabey Maxamed Axmed Cawil (Jiis) waxaa ay ku noqotay anfariir iyo amakaag sababtoo ah aqoon durugsan ayey u leeyihiin wiilkan, waxayna siyaasiyiin badani garaysteen inaysan Cabdullaahi Yuusuf iyo Cali Geedi dowladnimo iyo in ummadda Soomaaliyeed wax loo qabto dooneyn sababtoo ah waxaa isku qaban waydey maqaamka safaarada Soomaaliyeed ee Shiinaha iyo shaqsiga loo magacaabey oo aan marnaba aheyn shaqsigii hawshaas u qaban lahaa ummadda Soomaaliyeed.
Xogta dhabta ah waxaa ay tilmaamaysaa in magacaabida inankaani ay tahay mid ka timid qoyska reer Cabdullaahi Yuuusf gaar ahaan haweenayda iyo caruurta ay dhashay oo uu inankaani xiriiri fiican la yeeshay ilaa uu gaaray inuu u soo dukaameeyo maalmaha qaarkood markii ay waqti ku filan waayaan.
Wiilkaani ilaa iyo markii la dareemay inuu Cabdulllaahi Yuusuf siyaasad ahaan shirka ku xoogeysanayey una muuqdey inuu guulaysan karo ayuu wiilkani xooga saaray inuu xirirri qaraabanimo la yeesho odaygo wuxuuna in badan ku cel celiyaa markii uu odayga la joogo abti iyo erayo la mid ah sababtoo ah waxaa uu wiilku kasoo jeedaa beesha ay ka soo jeedo Cabdullaahi Yuusuf hooyadiis.
Waxaa uu inta la hubo mar booqdey dhulka maamul goboleedka puntland asagoo la socdo Cabdulaahi Yuusuf intii uusan noqon madaxweynaha Jamhuuriyada soomaaliya xiligaas oo ay in badan oo ka tirsan ergooyinkii shirka shaxaad u tagi jireen maamul goboleedka puntland iyo inay muujiyaan tageeradii ay u hayeen musharaxnimadii Cabdulaahi Yuusuf.
Ayadoo qof kasta oo muwaadin soomaaliyeed ah haddii uu buuxiyo shuruudaha laga doonayo aw xaq u leeyahay inaw xil u qabto dalkiisa haddana waxaa dad badan la yaab!!! ku noqotay sida ay geedi iyo cabdulaahi yuusuf ugu bareereen inay xil noocaan ah u magacabaan qof sheegatay inuu wakiil u yahay urur masiixi ah oo soomaali ah, iyo sidoo kale qof lagu xantay inuu yahay adeege dowlado shisheye amaba si cad ugu adeegay dowladdo shisheeye in lagu aamino safaarad ka mid ah kuwa ugu muhiimsan safaaradaha ay leedahay jamhuuriyada soomaliya taas oo muujinaysa inaysan geedi iyo cabdullaahi yuusuf wax dan qaran ah ka shaqeyney oo aysan fahansaneyn in maantay loo baahan yahay dadka u adeegayaa qaranka inay noqdaan dad daacad u noqon kara danaha dalkooda .
BEENTA DANJIRE CAWIL LAGA FIDIYAY
BEENTA DANJIRE CAWIL LAGA FIDIYAY
Maxamed Axmed Cawil Danjiraha Soomaaliya ee Shiinaha Waa nin ceynkee ah.?
Waxaa 9/6/2005 shir ay golaha wasiirada dowladda faderaalka kmg ah yeesheen uuna shir gudoominayey ra`iisulwasaare Cali Max’ed Geedi lagu magacaabey xubno ay ka mid ahaayeen safiirada Soomaaliya u fadhin doona Shiinaha iyo Qaramada midoobey.
hadaba waxa is waydiin mudan waa nin noocee ah Maxemed Axmed Cawil oo ah ninkan loo magacaabey safiirka soomaaliya u fadhin doona dalka shiinaha, dad badani waa garan karaan shaqsigaas, maahan dublumaasi hore, maahan nin magac weyn ku dhex leh bulshada soomaaliyeed, maahan nin hadaad sifaacan u baratid aad hawl qaran oo noocaas ah aad ku aamin laheyd.
Waa nin dhalin yaro ah waxaa uu shirka soomaalida ku soo biiray xiligii shirku ka socdey magaalada Eldoret ee dalka kenya, waxaa uu ka yimid dal ka mid ah dalalka Yurub waa dalka Sweden wuxuuna sheegaa inuu haysto dhalashada dalka sweden.
Waa nin dhalin yaro ah oo firfircoon aadna u indha adag meel walba si fudud ku gala waxaa uu hadba dabaysha u racaa dhankay u socoto si uusan meelna wax ugu gafin, waxaa uu ka mid ahaa koox soomaali aheyd oo intii uu shirku ka socdey Eldoret ku doodey in ay masiixiyiinta laga tirada badan yahay ee soomaaliya wakiil ka yihiin waxanya dalbadeen in loo qoondeeyo ergo u gaar ah arrintaas waxaa aad uga horyimid ergadii soomaaliyeed ee shirka ka qeybgalaysay.
Waa nin dadka sifiican u yaqaanaa ay ku tilmaamaan nin ku aqdaamta beenta iyo wax isdaba marinta wararka la xaqiijiyey ayaa sheegaya inuu dhawr safaaradood ka qaatoo xooga mushaaro ah oo uu uga badasho xog siin ama jaajuusnimo.
Ninkaan hadda loo magaacabey safiirka soomaaliya u fadhiya dalka shiinaha waxaa uu dad badan u sheegay xiligaas inuu yahay masiixi laakiin dadkaasi waxaa ay ahaayeeen dad uu ku kalsoonaa balse warku waa baxay wuuna dareemay in ergooyinkii shirku xanteen marka laga reebo dad kooban oo ogaa qoraaladii uu ugubiyey ergaygii dowlada kenya ee shirka Elijah Mwangale qoraaladaas oo uu ku saxiixii jiray wakiilka (Somali Christian minority)
Inankaani waxaa uu u noqdey mudadii shirku socdey adeege qorsoon dhawr safaaradood oo shisheeye ah si ay wax uga ogaadaan gunta hoose ee soomaalida sababtoo ah inanku waxaa uu ku hadlaa dhawr luuqadood mararka qaarkood waxaa uu sheegen jiray inuu la shaqeeyo safaaradda Sweden, waxayna dadka sida fiican u yaqaanan ku sifeeyaan inuu yahay nin aan xuduud laheyn oo aan ka shaqeyn karin dan qaran oo gaarsiisan heer safiir.
Dad badan markii ay maqleen in safaaradii Soomaalida ee dalka Shiinaha loo magacaabey Maxamed Axmed Cawil (Jiis) waxaa ay ku noqotay anfariir iyo amakaag sababtoo ah aqoon durugsan ayey u leeyihiin wiilkan, waxayna siyaasiyiin badani garaysteen inaysan Cabdullaahi Yuusuf iyo Cali Geedi dowladnimo iyo in ummadda Soomaaliyeed wax loo qabto dooneyn sababtoo ah waxaa isku qaban waydey maqaamka safaarada Soomaaliyeed ee Shiinaha iyo shaqsiga loo magacaabey oo aan marnaba aheyn shaqsigii hawshaas u qaban lahaa ummadda Soomaaliyeed.
Xogta dhabta ah waxaa ay tilmaamaysaa in magacaabida inankaani ay tahay mid ka timid qoyska reer Cabdullaahi Yuuusf gaar ahaan haweenayda iyo caruurta ay dhashay oo uu inankaani xiriiri fiican la yeeshay ilaa uu gaaray inuu u soo dukaameeyo maalmaha qaarkood markii ay waqti ku filan waayaan.
Wiilkaani ilaa iyo markii la dareemay inuu Cabdulllaahi Yuusuf siyaasad ahaan shirka ku xoogeysanayey una muuqdey inuu guulaysan karo ayuu wiilkani xooga saaray inuu xirirri qaraabanimo la yeesho odaygo wuxuuna in badan ku cel celiyaa markii uu odayga la joogo abti iyo erayo la mid ah sababtoo ah waxaa uu wiilku kasoo jeedaa beesha ay ka soo jeedo Cabdullaahi Yuusuf hooyadiis.
Waxaa uu inta la hubo mar booqdey dhulka maamul goboleedka puntland asagoo la socdo Cabdulaahi Yuusuf intii uusan noqon madaxweynaha Jamhuuriyada soomaaliya xiligaas oo ay in badan oo ka tirsan ergooyinkii shirka shaxaad u tagi jireen maamul goboleedka puntland iyo inay muujiyaan tageeradii ay u hayeen musharaxnimadii Cabdulaahi Yuusuf.
Ayadoo qof kasta oo muwaadin soomaaliyeed ah haddii uu buuxiyo shuruudaha laga doonayo aw xaq u leeyahay inaw xil u qabto dalkiisa haddana waxaa dad badan la yaab!!! ku noqotay sida ay geedi iyo cabdulaahi yuusuf ugu bareereen inay xil noocaan ah u magacabaan qof sheegatay inuu wakiil u yahay urur masiixi ah oo soomaali ah, iyo sidoo kale qof lagu xantay inuu yahay adeege dowlado shisheye amaba si cad ugu adeegay dowladdo shisheeye in lagu aamino safaarad ka mid ah kuwa ugu muhiimsan safaaradaha ay leedahay jamhuuriyada soomaliya taas oo muujinaysa inaysan geedi iyo cabdullaahi yuusuf wax dan qaran ah ka shaqeyney oo aysan fahansaneyn in maantay loo baahan yahay dadka u adeegayaa qaranka inay noqdaan dad daacad u noqon kara danaha dalkooda .
2005 MAMULKII MUQDISHO LOO SAMEYN RABAY XIBNAHA DIR SUURE LOOGA DARAY
Xubnaha Labada Gole ee Muqdisho oo maanta ansixiyay qaabka loo qeybiyay Xubnaha Golaha Deegaanka Maamulka Gobolka Banaadir
Sabti, November 12, 2005(HOL): Xubnaha labada gole ee Muqdisho ku sugan ayaa maanta waxay ansixiyeen gole Deegaan oo Bud-dhig u noqon doonaa Maamul u yeesho Gobolka Banaadir, kaasi oo ay xubnahiisu gaarayaan 64 xubnood.
Afhayeenka Xubnaha Labada Gole ee Muqdisho Xildhibaan Cumar Xaashi Aadan ayaa shirkaasi kadib saxafiyiinta u sheegay in xubnaha 64-ta ah ay beelaha wax ku leh maamulka Gobolka Banaadir u kala heleen qaabkan:
Beesha Mudulood 13 Mudane
Beesha Habar Giudir 9 Mudane
Beesha Murusade 8 Mudane
Beesha Digil iyo Mirifle 6 Mudane
beesha Dir 4 Mudane
Beesha Xawaadle 4 Mudane
Beesha Daarood 4 Mudane
Beesha Duduble 3 Mudane
Beesha Sheekhaal 2 Mudane
Beesha Jareer 2 Mudane
Beesha Reer Xamar 2 Mudane
Beesha Gugundhabe 2 Mudane
beesha Gaaljecel 2 Mudane
Beesha Silcis 1 Mudane
Beesha Reer Ow xasan 1 Mudane
Beesha Ujuuraan 1 Mudane
Xildhibaan Cumar Xaashi waxaa uu intaas ku daray in dib loo dhigay ka doodista Ajende ku saabsanaa Qorshe Dib u heshiisiin ah oo uu horay u soo bandhigay Wasiirka dib u dhiska iyo Dib u dejinta Xukuumadda Federaalka Xildhibaan Barre Aadan Shire Aadan, kaasi oo lagu heshiisiinayo Xubnaha Dowladda Federaalka ee ku kala sugan magaalooyinka Muqdisho iyo Jowhar, wuxuuna Xildhibaan Cumar Xaashi sheegay in ay dib u dhigistaas timid kadib markii xubnaha shirkaas ka qeybgelayay lagu wargeliyay in dil loo geystay Wiil uu dhalay Guddoomiye ku xigeenka labaad ee Golaha Baarlamaanka Xildhibaan Cusmaan Cilmi Boqorre oo horay uga tirsanaa Xubnaha Dowladda Federaalka ee Muqdisho ku sugan.
Xildhibaan Xaashi waxaa uu dhanka kale sheegay in arrinta dilkaas uu Guddoomiyaha Baarlamaanka Guddi u saaray, isla markaana maalinta Talaadada ah ee soo socota laga wada hadli doono wixii ka soo baxay baaritaankaas iyo weliba Ajendihii maanta baaqday ee dib u heshiisiinta ku saabsanaa.
Ugu dambeyntiina Xubnaha labada gole ee Muqdisho ku sugan ayaa muddooyinkan waxay isku howlayeen sidii ay maamul ugu sameyn lahaayeen Gobolka Banaadir, iyadoo weliba uu Gobolka Banaadir u dhisan yahay maamul uu soo magacaabay Ra’iisal Wasaare Geedi, isla markaana uu Guddoomiye ka yahay Maxamuud Xasan Cali (Cadde).
Salaad Iidow Xasan (Xiis), Hiiraan Online
sxiis@hiiraan.com
Mogadishu, Somalia
Sabti, November 12, 2005(HOL): Xubnaha labada gole ee Muqdisho ku sugan ayaa maanta waxay ansixiyeen gole Deegaan oo Bud-dhig u noqon doonaa Maamul u yeesho Gobolka Banaadir, kaasi oo ay xubnahiisu gaarayaan 64 xubnood.
Afhayeenka Xubnaha Labada Gole ee Muqdisho Xildhibaan Cumar Xaashi Aadan ayaa shirkaasi kadib saxafiyiinta u sheegay in xubnaha 64-ta ah ay beelaha wax ku leh maamulka Gobolka Banaadir u kala heleen qaabkan:
Beesha Mudulood 13 Mudane
Beesha Habar Giudir 9 Mudane
Beesha Murusade 8 Mudane
Beesha Digil iyo Mirifle 6 Mudane
beesha Dir 4 Mudane
Beesha Xawaadle 4 Mudane
Beesha Daarood 4 Mudane
Beesha Duduble 3 Mudane
Beesha Sheekhaal 2 Mudane
Beesha Jareer 2 Mudane
Beesha Reer Xamar 2 Mudane
Beesha Gugundhabe 2 Mudane
beesha Gaaljecel 2 Mudane
Beesha Silcis 1 Mudane
Beesha Reer Ow xasan 1 Mudane
Beesha Ujuuraan 1 Mudane
Xildhibaan Cumar Xaashi waxaa uu intaas ku daray in dib loo dhigay ka doodista Ajende ku saabsanaa Qorshe Dib u heshiisiin ah oo uu horay u soo bandhigay Wasiirka dib u dhiska iyo Dib u dejinta Xukuumadda Federaalka Xildhibaan Barre Aadan Shire Aadan, kaasi oo lagu heshiisiinayo Xubnaha Dowladda Federaalka ee ku kala sugan magaalooyinka Muqdisho iyo Jowhar, wuxuuna Xildhibaan Cumar Xaashi sheegay in ay dib u dhigistaas timid kadib markii xubnaha shirkaas ka qeybgelayay lagu wargeliyay in dil loo geystay Wiil uu dhalay Guddoomiye ku xigeenka labaad ee Golaha Baarlamaanka Xildhibaan Cusmaan Cilmi Boqorre oo horay uga tirsanaa Xubnaha Dowladda Federaalka ee Muqdisho ku sugan.
Xildhibaan Xaashi waxaa uu dhanka kale sheegay in arrinta dilkaas uu Guddoomiyaha Baarlamaanka Guddi u saaray, isla markaana maalinta Talaadada ah ee soo socota laga wada hadli doono wixii ka soo baxay baaritaankaas iyo weliba Ajendihii maanta baaqday ee dib u heshiisiinta ku saabsanaa.
Ugu dambeyntiina Xubnaha labada gole ee Muqdisho ku sugan ayaa muddooyinkan waxay isku howlayeen sidii ay maamul ugu sameyn lahaayeen Gobolka Banaadir, iyadoo weliba uu Gobolka Banaadir u dhisan yahay maamul uu soo magacaabay Ra’iisal Wasaare Geedi, isla markaana uu Guddoomiye ka yahay Maxamuud Xasan Cali (Cadde).
Salaad Iidow Xasan (Xiis), Hiiraan Online
sxiis@hiiraan.com
Mogadishu, Somalia
OGADEENYA MISE SOMALI GALBEED
Daarood iyo Isaaq, Dir iyo Gadabiirsi, Digoodi iyo Galadi
By Cabdale Faarax Sigad
Wakhtiyada qaarkood dadka soomaalidu midnimada way wada jeclaayeen waxana jirtay in ay aminsanaayeen meelkasta oo dalka ka mida oo ay tagaanba in ayna cidi ka xigin taasina waxay sobobtay in dadkii soomaliyeed iskugu yimaadaan magaalada Muqdisho. Laakiin nasiibdaro waxa fikradii dadka somalidu qabeen burburiyay dadkii deggaanka u lahaa Muqdisho iyagoo ka qixiyay dadyawgii kale ee somaliyeed magaladaa Muqdisho. Taasina waxay sobobtay in ilamaa malintuu ina BARE dalka ka baxay loogu tagiwaayay hawiye magala madaxdii dalkii la odhanjiray somaliya. Iyadoo hadaba arintu ay sidaa tahay ayay maantana rabaan hawiye dadkii ay qixiyeen in ay marlabaad qasab ku soo noqda yidhaahdaan.
Tixdan gabayga ahina arimhaa ayay ku saabsantahay waxana layidhaa magaceeda.
AKHRIS WACAN
Daroor iyo Qardhiyo Daalo guudkeeda
Dooxada Shabeeliyo Saylac dacalkeeda
Dadwixii kunoolaa Afmadow ee Xamar dagaan mooday
Dalxiis uma ahayn Hawiye kumana soo duulin
Daljacaylku waakii kuyidhi diida gobalkiina
Daaraha is huwan waa kuwii Xamar doolarka uquudhay.
Dad jacaylku soomali wuu wada damqaayaaye
Dakharada Amxaaruhu anay igu dul yaalaane
Degmadayda waakii kadhigay daaro laga guuray
Dambi kama galin ee kufrigu diin nacaybuu iigu soo duulay
Danta guud ayaan doonayoon kula dagaalayay.
Diridhaba iyo jigjiga waxaan ugu dadaalaynay
Dabka waxa loogu dhacay danaha soomaale
Ducufloow Amxaaraha dahab masiiyeene
Dakadaa Barbara uguma deeqeene
Duntay oo midnimo somaliyeed qalbigu waa ka dayriniye
Dantu waxay itidhi baan haatan day dayiye
Dambigaana waxa iskale kuwii Xamar ku soo duulay
Daaraha ragii dumiyay, ee dumarka laynaayay.
Daarood iyo Isaaq, Dir iyo Gadabiirsi, Digoodi iyo Galadi
Dhamaan Digile iyo midhifle ragii diddiyay weeyaane
Deriskii macaanaa kuwii dacar qadhaadh siiyay
Degaankii Muqdisho ragii looga dalan doolay
Dariiqyada ragii joogsadee dumarka baadhayay
Dulmiguu Hawiye gaystay buu midkale noogu darayaaye.
Darraad bay ahayd markay xamar naga dareersheene
Da’adii maalintaa dhalataybaan dafadba u hayne
Dir Hawiye ninkii aan ahayn maalintii lagu dambaab maayay
Dadkii laga badnaa malintaa maxaa looga dhigay duunyo
Diintu way jirtaye malintaa maxaa loo damqani waayay
Duubbabkii Hawiye maxaa maalintaa dilay damiirkooda.
Durbaanada latumi waa damaashaade
Dulmiguu Hawiye gaystay buu midkale noogu darayaaye
Duntay oo midnimo kama dambayn Xamare
Dantii guud Hawiyaa diloo dooxay waahoree
Daaroodku wakaa dalkiisii nabad ku daaqaaya
Degmadooda Gadabuursi iyo Isaaq waa kuwaa
dewo macaan siiyay
Digile iyo midhiflana waa kuwaa dawlada macsuumay
Dulmigu wuxu ku hadhay kuway Hawiye deris ahaayeene.
Dulmigaad fashaa aduu kugu danbeeyaaye
Duulkaa Amxaaraa Xamar ku soo duuli
Daarahay dheceenbaa Hawiye looga dacarayni
Dambiguu galuu Hawiye maali dambarkiisa.
Dagaal oogayasha muqdishana diin uma adeegaane
Daacad nimo kadheer odayada madaxa duuduuban
Dadkayguun bay rabaan inay ku duulaane
Damacoogu kadaran duulka xabashaade
Damaashaadka bixi ragbaa damac la daanshoone
Dagaal iyo dil baa loo dabaal dagiye
Diggrigii ILLAHAY laysku damac maanta
Dad baa sheegtay oo nagu dagaalaya
Dooduna dalkaagaan xukumi iyo diiday weeyaane
Darxumana maqaatee waan ka diriraaye.
Daayinoow ILAAHOW daacad baan ahaye
Dabka ay wataan Hawiye ha isla doontaane
Deyr nooga noqo adaan kaa dalbanayaaye
Aamiin!!!!!
Cabdale Faarah Sigad sigad12345@yahoo.co.uk
Soomaligalbeed mise ogadeeniya dood furan iyo jawaabo
By: Maxamed Xussein Cabdi
maodobe30@hotmail.com
________________________________________
marka horee waxaan salamaya umada somaligalbeed oo dhan meel
kasta ay joganba gar ahaan dadka daneeya danta guud ama magaca inaga dhexeeya
ee ah somali marka waxa moda ama kuu cadba in dadka majoratigisu
kalaqaybsanyahay fikir ahaan
1- groub ogadeeniyaa doona oo raba in laqato magacaas
2- gruoub somali doona oo raba magaca somaligalbeed in laqaato
marka waxaan donayaa inaan kuhoraysiyo jawaabaha an sugayo
belahaa ogadeen in aan wax ka ogaado jawabohoda kaladuduwan
mesha ay ubadan yihiin ogadeeniya mise somali galbeed
ogadeenka somalida jeecel iyo kan ogadeeniyada jeceel oo qabiil jeceel
inlagumagacaabo dhuul inaga dhexeeya sida magaca ogadeeniya waxaan donayaa
inaan ogaado caqliyada kaladuwan ama fikiradaha kaladuwan ee shakhsiyadka u
dhashay besha ogadeen kala aminsanyahiin manacaytamayo qabila lamacayikaro
lakiin waxaan jeeclahay inaan lakala faidaysto akhristaw ha moodin inaan
ogadeen necbahay ama dan kale kaleeyahay
waxaana aminsanahay anigu sida taan hoos kuqoran
1- anigu waxaan ahay niin somali galbeed ah ama kiliilka5
manajeecli inaad dhahdaan dhul loga badan yahay ogaadeen
inaad tirahdaan ogadeeniya 1
2-marka xigtana waxaan ahay niin jidwaaq absame ah
mana jecli inaad magaca ogadeeniya melkasta lamartaan 2
3-marka sixigtana dhukani waa inaga dhexeeya jidwaaqna wuxuu daga sida
gobalada jigjiga dhagaxbuur qoraxay intaaba jidaaq wakasobaxaa
xildhibanaddodu iyo kurasidooduba 3
4-marka xigtana absame dhulmakallalahaan jiriin oo wala wadadagi jiray
oo walaalo baa lahaa waxaana wali dhaxdagan ogadeen
beelo absame ah sida WAYTEEN - BAALCAD - IYO GALIMAYS
DHULA KULEE MAGALOYINA KULEE IYO DEGGANO
waxaa intaa sii dheer nimanki dinta waxbadan inagabaray
sida SHEKHASH IYO SHARIF INTASO DHANA MAJECLAA
MAGACAA Ogadeeniyaa lakiin waxay jeceel yihiin somali state in ethiopia ama
Somali galbeed ama killika 5 4
5-waxaa intaa siidheer walaleheen somalidakalee eynu waligeen
wadanolaan jirnay oo inaladaga ISAAQ DHULBAHANTEE MAJEERTEEN
CIIISE JAREERWAYNE DAGOODI GAREE GARI JAARSO AKISHO
MAREEXAAN HAWIYEE REER AW XASSAN gadbuursi
intasina waxay jeceelyihiin magaca somali inynu wax kuwadadonano
oo ma jeeclaa magaca ogadeeniyaa in aad dhahdaan dhulka ay dagan oo
ayleeyihiin ab ka ab 5
marka waxaan raba intaa aan shegay iyo ogadeenka jeceel magaca ogadeeniya yaa
qaldan
ma anaga qaldan oo somali dona oo donayna magaca somali inaynu
wax kaga raadsano ethiopiada aan la dagno
iskumeelna nogu soohagagan magaca somali
haday dagal noqoto iyo haday tahay wax laqaybsiba
intaa waxaan kudarayaa anigu ma tageerayo niin kudoodayaa
meel naga wada dhexaysa inu kumagacaboo qabiilka Ukasoojeedo
sida OGADEENIYA MAJEERTEENIYA AMA ISAAQLAND
marka sidee baynu kuheelna murayad layska dhex arko
oo niin walba iska dhex arko oo inga wada dhexaysa
lakiin hadi niin kaligi iska dhex arko nimanki aywada lahayeena murayada
udiido maxaa dhacaya niinkasi kaligii uunbu ahaan
dadkasina waligood masodhawynayaan niinka murayadii lawada laha
kaligii sheegtay ee didday inlayska dhex arko macneeheedo
Qore
Maxamed Xussein Cabdi
maodobe30@hotmail.com
________________________________________
________________________________________
RE-Soomaali Galbeed mise......
Qaali yare Cabdi
ciseeye2006@hotmail.com
marka hore waxaan halkan salaan hawada usoo marinayaa dhamaan bahda radiojigjiga oo noo suura galisay inaan halkan kadhiibano waxii fagradayada ah oo kusaab san dhinaca magaca dhulka waraaqdana waxaan ku wajahayaa ama aan usoo dirayaa inaan kaga qaybqaato marnaamijka loogu magac daray soomaali galbeed mise ogaadeeniya waxaana kacodsanaa bahda radiojigjiga inaan jawaab kahelo markay waraaqdani idin soo gaadho horta anu waxaan ahay nin udhashay gobalka soomaali galbeed ama kilalka 5 aad qofba sida uu uyaqaano waxaana ahay arday wax kabarta midkamid ah wadamada carabta jaamacad kutaala horta waxaan aad iyo aad uga danqadaa dhul aanu ogaadeen kali daganayn balse looga badan yahay inaa hadana lagu magcaabo ogaadeeniya taasina waxaan u arkaa meel kaga dhan intakale ee aan ahay ogaadeen ee dagan gobalka soomaali galbeed taasina waxaan u arkaa inay tahay dhaan daban gaale hor yaac yaacaya dad caqligoodu aad uliito waxaana ugu nasteexaynayaa dhamaan shabaabka kadhashay beesha ugaadeen inay kahadhaan figradan qaldan waayo fikirka qaldani wuxuu kaaridaa waraar hadaba waxaa jira inaa inbadan oo kamid ah dad aan waxba garanayn lagu maaweeliyo ogaadeeniya taasina waxaan u arkaa inay tahay daal bilaa faa iido ah waxaan aamin sanahay anigu marka lasoo qaado qadiyada soomaali galbeed sidan 1, horta dhulka madagana odaageen oo kali balse waa looga badan yahay islamarkaa waad garan kartaa khalad ka halkaa kujiraa 2, marka la yidhaahdo ogaadeeniya waxaa meesha kabaxaya dhamaan dadkii kale ee daganaa gobalka oo cid walba leh waxaana kamid ah absame oo ah kii ugu dhawaa ogaadeen oo xataa ayna jirin dhul ukala qayb sanaa balse reerkii ogaadeenaba waxaad ku arkaysaa wayteen baalcad jidwaaq iyo galimays sidoo kale waxaad arkaysaa reer kii meel dagan ee jidwaaq ahba in ladagan oo ahogaadeen ah ama galimays ah ama beelaha kale ee absame ah sidaa darteed aad bay uqaldan tahay figrada odhanaysaa dhulka halagu magacaabo ogaadeeniya 3,waxa uu gumays tuhu kumagacaabay meela badan oo dhulka kamid ah magacyo kukhaas ah hadba intii daganayd halkaa sidaa darteed waxaa ila quman oo aan dhamaan dadka soomaali galbeed kugoobaabinayaa inay dhibka horyaala iska dhaafaan oo ay usoo noqdaan waxa ay dan toodu kujirto waa qaali yare oo idin leh waa inoo markale
________________________________________
Qaran mise qabiil?
mohamuud geeble
mohamoudgeeble@hotmail.com
Runtii waxaan aad uula yaabaa markaan arko koox reer soomaali galbeed ah oo
qabiil u olalaynaya moodayana in qabiil wadan lagu xorayn karo dadkana raba inay
ka dhaadhiciyaan figradooda qaybinta ah iyagoo waliba taageero iyo aqoonsi u
raadinaya urur qabiil, dhulka soomaali galbeed maaha mid uu degen yahay ama uu
leeyahay hal qabiil ee waa deegaan balaadhan u ka dhaxeeya qabaa'ilo badan oo
soomaaliyeed haba loo kala badnaadee ama ha lagu kala degaan waynaadee, bal
akhristoy wax yar dib u jaleec taariikhda halgankii jabhada xoraynta soomaali
galbeed (WSLF) waqtigii koobnaa ee ay dagaalkii xoraynta ku jirtay iyo guulihii
balaadhnaa ee ay soo hoysay, miyaynaan odhan karin taasi waxay ku timid
midnimadii shacabka, wadaninimada oo xiligaas aad u xooganayd iyo waliba
taageeradii hagar la'aanta ahayd ee aan ka helnay walaaladeena soomaaliya oo
hiil iyo hooba inala garab taagnaa?.
kolay anigu aragtidayda waxaan ku jawaabi
lahaa HAAAAA, waliba abaal aan dhamaanayn ayaan uuga haynaa dadkii aan
taageerada ka helnay ee xorayntaas inagala qayb qaatay, markaad dhanka kale ka
eegto dadka iyagu qabiilka u olaleeya ayaa waxay qabaan in dagaalkii 1977-1978
uu ahaa mid ay soomaaliya waday oo ay dano gaara ka lahayd doonaysayna in ay
dhul aysan lahayn ku hanato.
Qof walba oo reer soomaali galbeed ah wuxuu jecel yahay in dhulkiisu xoroobo oo
taasi waa mabda'a laga midaysan yahay laakiin waxaa aad loogu kala tagan yahay
qaabka iyo magaca lagu dagaal gali karo, dad baa qaba in magaca soomaali galbeed
aanan waxba lagu heli karin oo ay la haboon tahay in wax lagu raadiyo magaca
ogadeen iyagoo sababtana ka dhiga dhulka ayaa loo yaqaanaa, dadkale oo aan anigu
ka mid ahayna waxaan qabnaa in magacan dambe uu yahay mid qabiil laga dhax
arkaayo umadana kala fogaynaya oo aanan waxba lagu raadin karin ee magaca
soomaali galbeed uu yahay midka umada midayn kara qabiil ama kooxna aanan u gaar
ahayn.
waxaan maqaalkan ku soo gabagabaynayaa hadii aanan la helin midnimo iyo is
afgarad qabiilka iyo danaysigana aanan laga dheeraan in uu halgan kastaaba ahaan
________________________________________
Ogadenia Somali galbeed ama Bariga Ethiopia ama
killilka 5aad
Amaana E .G
Abdeeqa@hotmal.com
Ascw yaa Ahli Wa asxabi
Axyaa wadani
Salaam ka dib sidan ku soo aqriyey mqaladii Ra,ayi ka hadalka ee ku qora bogga
qoraalka dad waynaha ee Radio jigjiga, bal intaanan u guda galin fikradeyda
sidan asxabtii hore wax u soo qorey anigoo ka raad racayo aan nafteyda yar
bayamiyo waxan ahay gabar absame ah ( Ogadeen ) micna wayn ii samayn mayso yaan
ahay ama aa tahay aqristoow balse waxaa micna ii samaynaysa bandhiga shucuurtada
wadaniyeed, iyo dareenkada dadnimo, waxan wada og nahay in dal inaga maqan yahay
geesiyiin badana inooga dhinteen hadanu nahay dadka u dhashey deegankan, ninba
magac isla soo meel taag, sida Ogadenia, Somali galbeed, killilka-
shanaad,jidwaqeenia,shiiqalenia, iyo waliba magacyo kale oo aad ku soo biirin
doontaan mustaqbalka soo socda sidaan umada wadankasi u dhashay ay ku hamiyaan
ama absame haku abtirsadaan ama qawmiyadaha kale ee wadanka kunooliba ha
ahadane,waxaa laga soo Hadley in magaca dalka yahay mixnada ugu wayn ee hortagan
xoreyntiisa amaba halganka ka soconi la,ayahay balse aniga waxan qaba fikrad ka
duwan taasi oo ah marka (1) waa maxay wadani ma magacbaa meel loo yaqaano mise
waa ruux jecel dalkiisa? iyo dadkiisa inuu dhibta kasaro kana dhiidhiyo xumaha
loo gaysanayo kuna boorriyo wanaga iyo wada jirka dadkiisa?
(2) magac wax ma
xoreeyaa mise geesiyaal ka gilgishay gumeysi yaa wadan xoreeya??, hadaba aniga
Aragtidayda gaar ahaneed waxan u soo jeedinayaa umada reer Ogadenia ama Somali
galbeed inay runta isu sheegaan khaas ahan umada isku magawdo absame oo noqday
odax ku muday iyo mid la isaga bixinayo, inagoo ruuxna ruux uusan eedayn magacna
ka dhiganin geed aaynu ku gabanayno maxan u xiisayni wayney ama isugu dayi-
wayney midnimadeena oo ah mid muqadis ah? hadaynu nahay umad meel ka soo wada
jeeda dhiig ahaan iyo deegaan ahaan ba, runtii waxaad moodaa in is eegashadan
dadkan wada dhashey ay sababi doonto in arladaba gacantooda ka baxo,maxay ku
nuugta ama ka nuugtaa!!! wana tan ay dad badani sugayaan idinkaana ku dhiiri
gelinaya sugitankaas ay sugayan inay dalkiina ka qataan cidlo, ninbaa waxuu soo
qorey dalka waxa d
By Amaana E.G
Yaa Dagan Somali Galbeed
waan kudhashey waa dhexmaray. soomali oo dhan ayaa degan from D/M to hawiye. xujofure ayaa ugu saxsan, ogaadeen waabadanyihiin laakiin kamabadna qiyaastii 45% dadka dhulkaa dega. hadii absameha kale lagudaro waxay noqonayaan 55% qoti 10% harti(mj+dhul) 15%. geri 4%, bartire 1%.
aniga waxay ilatahay in qabiilada soomaali oo dhan laga helo dhulkaas. marka la eego siday u kala badan yihiin waa sidan
1- ogaden
2- ciise
3- gadabursi
4- gurgere
5- isaaq
6- hawiye
7- small darod clans (bartire, geri, abasgul)
8- gaboye
9-har
1) Ogaden
2) Iidor (siiba Garxajis nimanka la yiraahdo)
Harti
Ogadeen
Ciise
U badan Ogaadeen iyo Garxajis..iyo in yar oo Harti(Hagar AAdan iyo Baciidyahan) ah iyo Arab iyo Habar Awal( Reer Samatar, Reer Gadiid), Abskuul(Faarax Guuleed) , Bartire oo Bulaale u badan iyo Sheekhaal, ciise kumaan arag waligayna maan maqal iyo Gedbursi waxana daga oo kale niman Habar Jeclo ah(Reer Daahir).
U badan Ogaadeen iyo Garxajis..iyo in yar oo Harti(Hagar AAdan iyo Baciidyahan) ah iyo Arab iyo Habar Awal( Reer Samatar, Reer Gadiid), Abskuul(Faarax Guuleed) , Bartire oo Bulaale u badan iyo Sheekhaal, ciise kumaan arag waligayna maan maqal iyo Gedbursi waxana daga oo kale niman Habar Jeclo ah(Reer Daahir).
25% tirada dadkaas.Ciisaha iyo Jidwaaq iyo Jaarso iyo Karanle ,iyo Garre
Dhulka waxaa dagen Absaame 95%
1- Ogaadeenn 64%
2- (Jidwaaq)30% Abskuul, Bartire iyo yabaree
3-Gari 4%
4-Isaaq 1%
SHeekhaal
KABLALAX, MAREEXAAN IYO DAAROODKA KALEBA,
HAWIYE: KARANLE,HIRAAB IYO GUGUNDHABE
DIR:ISXAAQ, CIISE , GUDABIIRSE , GURE IYO GURGURE
DIGIL IYO MIRIFLE: WAA DEGAAAN
INTA KALE: JAREER, CARUUSO , ADARI , CARAB I
(AW'iyo OGAADEEN ) aan idiin fasiro erayga aw' waa sheekhaal iyo Gaadsan
Isaaq hawd iyo Awaare buu ogaadeen ka soo galaa.
Jidwaaqna xaga xarshin buu kasoo galaa.
Ciise Jabuuti ilaa dire dhabo buu degaa...
Gadabguursi marka boorame laga yimaad ee jigjiga loo soo socdo buu degaa..
Wax hawiye la yidhaa maqal mooyee aragti mahayo.
Jidwaaq iyo ciise waxaa u dhexeeya GERI, ilaa jinacsanay..
Majeerteena xaga wardheer bay degaan..
Wardheer iyo JigJiga, labadaas magaalo ee aan aniga ku nollaa waxaa ugu badan JIJIGA GERI iyo JIDWAAQ, WARDHEER HARTI iyo GERI.
Biciidyahan Reer Weyd ku laayeen Wardheer
AAWEY GARE GEELBADANE?
AAWEY GURRE?
AAWEY DIR?
AAWEY SHEEKHAAL?
1-AKISHO 100% JIG-JIGA MAAGAALO MADAXDA AKISHADA
AAWEY KARANLE ?
By Cabdale Faarax Sigad
Wakhtiyada qaarkood dadka soomaalidu midnimada way wada jeclaayeen waxana jirtay in ay aminsanaayeen meelkasta oo dalka ka mida oo ay tagaanba in ayna cidi ka xigin taasina waxay sobobtay in dadkii soomaliyeed iskugu yimaadaan magaalada Muqdisho. Laakiin nasiibdaro waxa fikradii dadka somalidu qabeen burburiyay dadkii deggaanka u lahaa Muqdisho iyagoo ka qixiyay dadyawgii kale ee somaliyeed magaladaa Muqdisho. Taasina waxay sobobtay in ilamaa malintuu ina BARE dalka ka baxay loogu tagiwaayay hawiye magala madaxdii dalkii la odhanjiray somaliya. Iyadoo hadaba arintu ay sidaa tahay ayay maantana rabaan hawiye dadkii ay qixiyeen in ay marlabaad qasab ku soo noqda yidhaahdaan.
Tixdan gabayga ahina arimhaa ayay ku saabsantahay waxana layidhaa magaceeda.
AKHRIS WACAN
Daroor iyo Qardhiyo Daalo guudkeeda
Dooxada Shabeeliyo Saylac dacalkeeda
Dadwixii kunoolaa Afmadow ee Xamar dagaan mooday
Dalxiis uma ahayn Hawiye kumana soo duulin
Daljacaylku waakii kuyidhi diida gobalkiina
Daaraha is huwan waa kuwii Xamar doolarka uquudhay.
Dad jacaylku soomali wuu wada damqaayaaye
Dakharada Amxaaruhu anay igu dul yaalaane
Degmadayda waakii kadhigay daaro laga guuray
Dambi kama galin ee kufrigu diin nacaybuu iigu soo duulay
Danta guud ayaan doonayoon kula dagaalayay.
Diridhaba iyo jigjiga waxaan ugu dadaalaynay
Dabka waxa loogu dhacay danaha soomaale
Ducufloow Amxaaraha dahab masiiyeene
Dakadaa Barbara uguma deeqeene
Duntay oo midnimo somaliyeed qalbigu waa ka dayriniye
Dantu waxay itidhi baan haatan day dayiye
Dambigaana waxa iskale kuwii Xamar ku soo duulay
Daaraha ragii dumiyay, ee dumarka laynaayay.
Daarood iyo Isaaq, Dir iyo Gadabiirsi, Digoodi iyo Galadi
Dhamaan Digile iyo midhifle ragii diddiyay weeyaane
Deriskii macaanaa kuwii dacar qadhaadh siiyay
Degaankii Muqdisho ragii looga dalan doolay
Dariiqyada ragii joogsadee dumarka baadhayay
Dulmiguu Hawiye gaystay buu midkale noogu darayaaye.
Darraad bay ahayd markay xamar naga dareersheene
Da’adii maalintaa dhalataybaan dafadba u hayne
Dir Hawiye ninkii aan ahayn maalintii lagu dambaab maayay
Dadkii laga badnaa malintaa maxaa looga dhigay duunyo
Diintu way jirtaye malintaa maxaa loo damqani waayay
Duubbabkii Hawiye maxaa maalintaa dilay damiirkooda.
Durbaanada latumi waa damaashaade
Dulmiguu Hawiye gaystay buu midkale noogu darayaaye
Duntay oo midnimo kama dambayn Xamare
Dantii guud Hawiyaa diloo dooxay waahoree
Daaroodku wakaa dalkiisii nabad ku daaqaaya
Degmadooda Gadabuursi iyo Isaaq waa kuwaa
dewo macaan siiyay
Digile iyo midhiflana waa kuwaa dawlada macsuumay
Dulmigu wuxu ku hadhay kuway Hawiye deris ahaayeene.
Dulmigaad fashaa aduu kugu danbeeyaaye
Duulkaa Amxaaraa Xamar ku soo duuli
Daarahay dheceenbaa Hawiye looga dacarayni
Dambiguu galuu Hawiye maali dambarkiisa.
Dagaal oogayasha muqdishana diin uma adeegaane
Daacad nimo kadheer odayada madaxa duuduuban
Dadkayguun bay rabaan inay ku duulaane
Damacoogu kadaran duulka xabashaade
Damaashaadka bixi ragbaa damac la daanshoone
Dagaal iyo dil baa loo dabaal dagiye
Diggrigii ILLAHAY laysku damac maanta
Dad baa sheegtay oo nagu dagaalaya
Dooduna dalkaagaan xukumi iyo diiday weeyaane
Darxumana maqaatee waan ka diriraaye.
Daayinoow ILAAHOW daacad baan ahaye
Dabka ay wataan Hawiye ha isla doontaane
Deyr nooga noqo adaan kaa dalbanayaaye
Aamiin!!!!!
Cabdale Faarah Sigad sigad12345@yahoo.co.uk
Soomaligalbeed mise ogadeeniya dood furan iyo jawaabo
By: Maxamed Xussein Cabdi
maodobe30@hotmail.com
________________________________________
marka horee waxaan salamaya umada somaligalbeed oo dhan meel
kasta ay joganba gar ahaan dadka daneeya danta guud ama magaca inaga dhexeeya
ee ah somali marka waxa moda ama kuu cadba in dadka majoratigisu
kalaqaybsanyahay fikir ahaan
1- groub ogadeeniyaa doona oo raba in laqato magacaas
2- gruoub somali doona oo raba magaca somaligalbeed in laqaato
marka waxaan donayaa inaan kuhoraysiyo jawaabaha an sugayo
belahaa ogadeen in aan wax ka ogaado jawabohoda kaladuduwan
mesha ay ubadan yihiin ogadeeniya mise somali galbeed
ogadeenka somalida jeecel iyo kan ogadeeniyada jeceel oo qabiil jeceel
inlagumagacaabo dhuul inaga dhexeeya sida magaca ogadeeniya waxaan donayaa
inaan ogaado caqliyada kaladuwan ama fikiradaha kaladuwan ee shakhsiyadka u
dhashay besha ogadeen kala aminsanyahiin manacaytamayo qabila lamacayikaro
lakiin waxaan jeeclahay inaan lakala faidaysto akhristaw ha moodin inaan
ogadeen necbahay ama dan kale kaleeyahay
waxaana aminsanahay anigu sida taan hoos kuqoran
1- anigu waxaan ahay niin somali galbeed ah ama kiliilka5
manajeecli inaad dhahdaan dhul loga badan yahay ogaadeen
inaad tirahdaan ogadeeniya 1
2-marka xigtana waxaan ahay niin jidwaaq absame ah
mana jecli inaad magaca ogadeeniya melkasta lamartaan 2
3-marka sixigtana dhukani waa inaga dhexeeya jidwaaqna wuxuu daga sida
gobalada jigjiga dhagaxbuur qoraxay intaaba jidaaq wakasobaxaa
xildhibanaddodu iyo kurasidooduba 3
4-marka xigtana absame dhulmakallalahaan jiriin oo wala wadadagi jiray
oo walaalo baa lahaa waxaana wali dhaxdagan ogadeen
beelo absame ah sida WAYTEEN - BAALCAD - IYO GALIMAYS
DHULA KULEE MAGALOYINA KULEE IYO DEGGANO
waxaa intaa sii dheer nimanki dinta waxbadan inagabaray
sida SHEKHASH IYO SHARIF INTASO DHANA MAJECLAA
MAGACAA Ogadeeniyaa lakiin waxay jeceel yihiin somali state in ethiopia ama
Somali galbeed ama killika 5 4
5-waxaa intaa siidheer walaleheen somalidakalee eynu waligeen
wadanolaan jirnay oo inaladaga ISAAQ DHULBAHANTEE MAJEERTEEN
CIIISE JAREERWAYNE DAGOODI GAREE GARI JAARSO AKISHO
MAREEXAAN HAWIYEE REER AW XASSAN gadbuursi
intasina waxay jeceelyihiin magaca somali inynu wax kuwadadonano
oo ma jeeclaa magaca ogadeeniyaa in aad dhahdaan dhulka ay dagan oo
ayleeyihiin ab ka ab 5
marka waxaan raba intaa aan shegay iyo ogadeenka jeceel magaca ogadeeniya yaa
qaldan
ma anaga qaldan oo somali dona oo donayna magaca somali inaynu
wax kaga raadsano ethiopiada aan la dagno
iskumeelna nogu soohagagan magaca somali
haday dagal noqoto iyo haday tahay wax laqaybsiba
intaa waxaan kudarayaa anigu ma tageerayo niin kudoodayaa
meel naga wada dhexaysa inu kumagacaboo qabiilka Ukasoojeedo
sida OGADEENIYA MAJEERTEENIYA AMA ISAAQLAND
marka sidee baynu kuheelna murayad layska dhex arko
oo niin walba iska dhex arko oo inga wada dhexaysa
lakiin hadi niin kaligi iska dhex arko nimanki aywada lahayeena murayada
udiido maxaa dhacaya niinkasi kaligii uunbu ahaan
dadkasina waligood masodhawynayaan niinka murayadii lawada laha
kaligii sheegtay ee didday inlayska dhex arko macneeheedo
Qore
Maxamed Xussein Cabdi
maodobe30@hotmail.com
________________________________________
________________________________________
RE-Soomaali Galbeed mise......
Qaali yare Cabdi
ciseeye2006@hotmail.com
marka hore waxaan halkan salaan hawada usoo marinayaa dhamaan bahda radiojigjiga oo noo suura galisay inaan halkan kadhiibano waxii fagradayada ah oo kusaab san dhinaca magaca dhulka waraaqdana waxaan ku wajahayaa ama aan usoo dirayaa inaan kaga qaybqaato marnaamijka loogu magac daray soomaali galbeed mise ogaadeeniya waxaana kacodsanaa bahda radiojigjiga inaan jawaab kahelo markay waraaqdani idin soo gaadho horta anu waxaan ahay nin udhashay gobalka soomaali galbeed ama kilalka 5 aad qofba sida uu uyaqaano waxaana ahay arday wax kabarta midkamid ah wadamada carabta jaamacad kutaala horta waxaan aad iyo aad uga danqadaa dhul aanu ogaadeen kali daganayn balse looga badan yahay inaa hadana lagu magcaabo ogaadeeniya taasina waxaan u arkaa meel kaga dhan intakale ee aan ahay ogaadeen ee dagan gobalka soomaali galbeed taasina waxaan u arkaa inay tahay dhaan daban gaale hor yaac yaacaya dad caqligoodu aad uliito waxaana ugu nasteexaynayaa dhamaan shabaabka kadhashay beesha ugaadeen inay kahadhaan figradan qaldan waayo fikirka qaldani wuxuu kaaridaa waraar hadaba waxaa jira inaa inbadan oo kamid ah dad aan waxba garanayn lagu maaweeliyo ogaadeeniya taasina waxaan u arkaa inay tahay daal bilaa faa iido ah waxaan aamin sanahay anigu marka lasoo qaado qadiyada soomaali galbeed sidan 1, horta dhulka madagana odaageen oo kali balse waa looga badan yahay islamarkaa waad garan kartaa khalad ka halkaa kujiraa 2, marka la yidhaahdo ogaadeeniya waxaa meesha kabaxaya dhamaan dadkii kale ee daganaa gobalka oo cid walba leh waxaana kamid ah absame oo ah kii ugu dhawaa ogaadeen oo xataa ayna jirin dhul ukala qayb sanaa balse reerkii ogaadeenaba waxaad ku arkaysaa wayteen baalcad jidwaaq iyo galimays sidoo kale waxaad arkaysaa reer kii meel dagan ee jidwaaq ahba in ladagan oo ahogaadeen ah ama galimays ah ama beelaha kale ee absame ah sidaa darteed aad bay uqaldan tahay figrada odhanaysaa dhulka halagu magacaabo ogaadeeniya 3,waxa uu gumays tuhu kumagacaabay meela badan oo dhulka kamid ah magacyo kukhaas ah hadba intii daganayd halkaa sidaa darteed waxaa ila quman oo aan dhamaan dadka soomaali galbeed kugoobaabinayaa inay dhibka horyaala iska dhaafaan oo ay usoo noqdaan waxa ay dan toodu kujirto waa qaali yare oo idin leh waa inoo markale
________________________________________
Qaran mise qabiil?
mohamuud geeble
mohamoudgeeble@hotmail.com
Runtii waxaan aad uula yaabaa markaan arko koox reer soomaali galbeed ah oo
qabiil u olalaynaya moodayana in qabiil wadan lagu xorayn karo dadkana raba inay
ka dhaadhiciyaan figradooda qaybinta ah iyagoo waliba taageero iyo aqoonsi u
raadinaya urur qabiil, dhulka soomaali galbeed maaha mid uu degen yahay ama uu
leeyahay hal qabiil ee waa deegaan balaadhan u ka dhaxeeya qabaa'ilo badan oo
soomaaliyeed haba loo kala badnaadee ama ha lagu kala degaan waynaadee, bal
akhristoy wax yar dib u jaleec taariikhda halgankii jabhada xoraynta soomaali
galbeed (WSLF) waqtigii koobnaa ee ay dagaalkii xoraynta ku jirtay iyo guulihii
balaadhnaa ee ay soo hoysay, miyaynaan odhan karin taasi waxay ku timid
midnimadii shacabka, wadaninimada oo xiligaas aad u xooganayd iyo waliba
taageeradii hagar la'aanta ahayd ee aan ka helnay walaaladeena soomaaliya oo
hiil iyo hooba inala garab taagnaa?.
kolay anigu aragtidayda waxaan ku jawaabi
lahaa HAAAAA, waliba abaal aan dhamaanayn ayaan uuga haynaa dadkii aan
taageerada ka helnay ee xorayntaas inagala qayb qaatay, markaad dhanka kale ka
eegto dadka iyagu qabiilka u olaleeya ayaa waxay qabaan in dagaalkii 1977-1978
uu ahaa mid ay soomaaliya waday oo ay dano gaara ka lahayd doonaysayna in ay
dhul aysan lahayn ku hanato.
Qof walba oo reer soomaali galbeed ah wuxuu jecel yahay in dhulkiisu xoroobo oo
taasi waa mabda'a laga midaysan yahay laakiin waxaa aad loogu kala tagan yahay
qaabka iyo magaca lagu dagaal gali karo, dad baa qaba in magaca soomaali galbeed
aanan waxba lagu heli karin oo ay la haboon tahay in wax lagu raadiyo magaca
ogadeen iyagoo sababtana ka dhiga dhulka ayaa loo yaqaanaa, dadkale oo aan anigu
ka mid ahayna waxaan qabnaa in magacan dambe uu yahay mid qabiil laga dhax
arkaayo umadana kala fogaynaya oo aanan waxba lagu raadin karin ee magaca
soomaali galbeed uu yahay midka umada midayn kara qabiil ama kooxna aanan u gaar
ahayn.
waxaan maqaalkan ku soo gabagabaynayaa hadii aanan la helin midnimo iyo is
afgarad qabiilka iyo danaysigana aanan laga dheeraan in uu halgan kastaaba ahaan
________________________________________
Ogadenia Somali galbeed ama Bariga Ethiopia ama
killilka 5aad
Amaana E .G
Abdeeqa@hotmal.com
Ascw yaa Ahli Wa asxabi
Axyaa wadani
Salaam ka dib sidan ku soo aqriyey mqaladii Ra,ayi ka hadalka ee ku qora bogga
qoraalka dad waynaha ee Radio jigjiga, bal intaanan u guda galin fikradeyda
sidan asxabtii hore wax u soo qorey anigoo ka raad racayo aan nafteyda yar
bayamiyo waxan ahay gabar absame ah ( Ogadeen ) micna wayn ii samayn mayso yaan
ahay ama aa tahay aqristoow balse waxaa micna ii samaynaysa bandhiga shucuurtada
wadaniyeed, iyo dareenkada dadnimo, waxan wada og nahay in dal inaga maqan yahay
geesiyiin badana inooga dhinteen hadanu nahay dadka u dhashey deegankan, ninba
magac isla soo meel taag, sida Ogadenia, Somali galbeed, killilka-
shanaad,jidwaqeenia,shiiqalenia, iyo waliba magacyo kale oo aad ku soo biirin
doontaan mustaqbalka soo socda sidaan umada wadankasi u dhashay ay ku hamiyaan
ama absame haku abtirsadaan ama qawmiyadaha kale ee wadanka kunooliba ha
ahadane,waxaa laga soo Hadley in magaca dalka yahay mixnada ugu wayn ee hortagan
xoreyntiisa amaba halganka ka soconi la,ayahay balse aniga waxan qaba fikrad ka
duwan taasi oo ah marka (1) waa maxay wadani ma magacbaa meel loo yaqaano mise
waa ruux jecel dalkiisa? iyo dadkiisa inuu dhibta kasaro kana dhiidhiyo xumaha
loo gaysanayo kuna boorriyo wanaga iyo wada jirka dadkiisa?
(2) magac wax ma
xoreeyaa mise geesiyaal ka gilgishay gumeysi yaa wadan xoreeya??, hadaba aniga
Aragtidayda gaar ahaneed waxan u soo jeedinayaa umada reer Ogadenia ama Somali
galbeed inay runta isu sheegaan khaas ahan umada isku magawdo absame oo noqday
odax ku muday iyo mid la isaga bixinayo, inagoo ruuxna ruux uusan eedayn magacna
ka dhiganin geed aaynu ku gabanayno maxan u xiisayni wayney ama isugu dayi-
wayney midnimadeena oo ah mid muqadis ah? hadaynu nahay umad meel ka soo wada
jeeda dhiig ahaan iyo deegaan ahaan ba, runtii waxaad moodaa in is eegashadan
dadkan wada dhashey ay sababi doonto in arladaba gacantooda ka baxo,maxay ku
nuugta ama ka nuugtaa!!! wana tan ay dad badani sugayaan idinkaana ku dhiiri
gelinaya sugitankaas ay sugayan inay dalkiina ka qataan cidlo, ninbaa waxuu soo
qorey dalka waxa d
By Amaana E.G
Yaa Dagan Somali Galbeed
waan kudhashey waa dhexmaray. soomali oo dhan ayaa degan from D/M to hawiye. xujofure ayaa ugu saxsan, ogaadeen waabadanyihiin laakiin kamabadna qiyaastii 45% dadka dhulkaa dega. hadii absameha kale lagudaro waxay noqonayaan 55% qoti 10% harti(mj+dhul) 15%. geri 4%, bartire 1%.
aniga waxay ilatahay in qabiilada soomaali oo dhan laga helo dhulkaas. marka la eego siday u kala badan yihiin waa sidan
1- ogaden
2- ciise
3- gadabursi
4- gurgere
5- isaaq
6- hawiye
7- small darod clans (bartire, geri, abasgul)
8- gaboye
9-har
1) Ogaden
2) Iidor (siiba Garxajis nimanka la yiraahdo)
Harti
Ogadeen
Ciise
U badan Ogaadeen iyo Garxajis..iyo in yar oo Harti(Hagar AAdan iyo Baciidyahan) ah iyo Arab iyo Habar Awal( Reer Samatar, Reer Gadiid), Abskuul(Faarax Guuleed) , Bartire oo Bulaale u badan iyo Sheekhaal, ciise kumaan arag waligayna maan maqal iyo Gedbursi waxana daga oo kale niman Habar Jeclo ah(Reer Daahir).
U badan Ogaadeen iyo Garxajis..iyo in yar oo Harti(Hagar AAdan iyo Baciidyahan) ah iyo Arab iyo Habar Awal( Reer Samatar, Reer Gadiid), Abskuul(Faarax Guuleed) , Bartire oo Bulaale u badan iyo Sheekhaal, ciise kumaan arag waligayna maan maqal iyo Gedbursi waxana daga oo kale niman Habar Jeclo ah(Reer Daahir).
25% tirada dadkaas.Ciisaha iyo Jidwaaq iyo Jaarso iyo Karanle ,iyo Garre
Dhulka waxaa dagen Absaame 95%
1- Ogaadeenn 64%
2- (Jidwaaq)30% Abskuul, Bartire iyo yabaree
3-Gari 4%
4-Isaaq 1%
SHeekhaal
KABLALAX, MAREEXAAN IYO DAAROODKA KALEBA,
HAWIYE: KARANLE,HIRAAB IYO GUGUNDHABE
DIR:ISXAAQ, CIISE , GUDABIIRSE , GURE IYO GURGURE
DIGIL IYO MIRIFLE: WAA DEGAAAN
INTA KALE: JAREER, CARUUSO , ADARI , CARAB I
(AW'iyo OGAADEEN ) aan idiin fasiro erayga aw' waa sheekhaal iyo Gaadsan
Isaaq hawd iyo Awaare buu ogaadeen ka soo galaa.
Jidwaaqna xaga xarshin buu kasoo galaa.
Ciise Jabuuti ilaa dire dhabo buu degaa...
Gadabguursi marka boorame laga yimaad ee jigjiga loo soo socdo buu degaa..
Wax hawiye la yidhaa maqal mooyee aragti mahayo.
Jidwaaq iyo ciise waxaa u dhexeeya GERI, ilaa jinacsanay..
Majeerteena xaga wardheer bay degaan..
Wardheer iyo JigJiga, labadaas magaalo ee aan aniga ku nollaa waxaa ugu badan JIJIGA GERI iyo JIDWAAQ, WARDHEER HARTI iyo GERI.
Biciidyahan Reer Weyd ku laayeen Wardheer
AAWEY GARE GEELBADANE?
AAWEY GURRE?
AAWEY DIR?
AAWEY SHEEKHAAL?
1-AKISHO 100% JIG-JIGA MAAGAALO MADAXDA AKISHADA
AAWEY KARANLE ?
ABTIRSIINYO QUBEYS DIR AND GADSAN DIR
ABTIRSIINYADA GADSAN
• Gadsan
o Reera-Same
Adan
Yoonis
Cumar Abokor
Cumarjamc
o Tagaleen
Fiqicilmi
Dhaweed
Odeymarke
Naleeye
Fiqinuur
Cumar-maxamud
Fiqicigal
Reer-smail
Reer-qaasin
Reer-sacdi
Qubeys (Lafagaab)
•
Tolweyne Qubeys
•
Reytoonle
o Faqi Cumar
Yabarcade Faqi Cumar
Fiqi Walaal (Aw-caalin, Xaaji Cabdalle)
Samafale,Maxamud weyne, Aw-Cisman, Maxamud Yare
Xassan Faqi Cumar
Rooble Cismaan (Faarax, Weheliye, Maxamed)
Aw-Macalin (Macalin Muxumed, Macalin Yusuf, Sheekh Cali, Macalin Macow)
Heeraar
Fiqi Yaxye
o Caalin Mooge
o Maxamed Abtiudug
• Axadoobe Qubeys
o Cismaan Diidshe (Cismaan Iyiinta)
o Cabdalle Diidshe (Cabaas Iyiinta)
• Yabadhaale Qubeys
o Wayaagle
Yabarow, Xasan, Cumar, Xeefoow
Faarax
Maxamuud
Dhaayoow
o Miidkasse
Axmed faarax
Afrax faarax
• Gadsan
o Reera-Same
Adan
Yoonis
Cumar Abokor
Cumarjamc
o Tagaleen
Fiqicilmi
Dhaweed
Odeymarke
Naleeye
Fiqinuur
Cumar-maxamud
Fiqicigal
Reer-smail
Reer-qaasin
Reer-sacdi
Qubeys (Lafagaab)
•
Tolweyne Qubeys
•
Reytoonle
o Faqi Cumar
Yabarcade Faqi Cumar
Fiqi Walaal (Aw-caalin, Xaaji Cabdalle)
Samafale,Maxamud weyne, Aw-Cisman, Maxamud Yare
Xassan Faqi Cumar
Rooble Cismaan (Faarax, Weheliye, Maxamed)
Aw-Macalin (Macalin Muxumed, Macalin Yusuf, Sheekh Cali, Macalin Macow)
Heeraar
Fiqi Yaxye
o Caalin Mooge
o Maxamed Abtiudug
• Axadoobe Qubeys
o Cismaan Diidshe (Cismaan Iyiinta)
o Cabdalle Diidshe (Cabaas Iyiinta)
• Yabadhaale Qubeys
o Wayaagle
Yabarow, Xasan, Cumar, Xeefoow
Faarax
Maxamuud
Dhaayoow
o Miidkasse
Axmed faarax
Afrax faarax
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