Tuesday, June 19, 2018

Xaqiiq iyo Caddeyn: Taariikhda Jubbaland Iyo Been Abuurka Kooxda Kablalax! - Q: 2aad

Sidii Garre Quranyow Mohammed iyo Warday looga raray Jubbaland

Abdi Osman (KON) - Aqriso Qeybta Koowaad - Waxaa ku jirnay Qaybta ahayd Dhulka Jubbooyinka yaa u soo horreeyey, bal eeg Turton oo hadalkiisa sii wata in qayb Garre ah meel Giumbo (Jamaame) u dhow si isdaba jog ah dagaallo loogu soo caabiyey laguna celiyey woqooyiga Marka.
Teaser Image Xaqiiq iyo Caddeyn: Taariikhda Jubbaland Iyo Been Abuurka Kooxda Kablalax! - Q: 2aad
Halka qayb kalana ay gudubtay wabiga Jubba oo ay ku dhex milantay jasiiradaha Baajuunta. SAHAL xaggey jirtay waqtigaan?

Taariikh yahanno kale waxay xuseen in Hawiyaha waqti hore intaan ceelasha Afmadow la helin ay wabiga Jubba aagga Kismaayo ka agdhawaayeen oo ay waliba geelley ahaayeen, eeg hadalkan Sekuye (nuuc Oromo ah) ee soo socda ay uga sheekeyeen in Hawiye (ama Biyomaal) ay meel Kismaayo agteeda ah wabiga Jubba ka soo tallaabeen iyagoo usoo talaabay dhanka galbeed ayna geel sida geela Randiilla u eg lahaayeen, xitaa qoraagu wuxuu ka sheekeynayaa sidii Afmadow- oo markaasi oon loogu dhiman jiray- ceelasheeda ay ku aasaasmeen oo gabar afmadow(cirrid madow) inta bir Qur’aan lagu akhriyey loo dhiibay la faray gabadha inay dhulka ku dhufato iyadoo loo sheegay inay iyadu dhiman doonto Jannadana ay geli doonto laakiin meesha ay biyo ka soo burqan doonaan oo reerkoodu uu oonka dayn doono sidaasna ay ahayd sidii lagu helay ceelasha Afmadow, taasoo tusaysa waqtiga Hawiyaha ay aagga Kismayo iyo wabiga Jubba joogeen in ay tahay intaan ceelasha Afmadow la helin oo ah waqti aad u fog: ka eeg qisadaas iyo hadalkan soo socda buugga “Identities on the move:clanship and pastoralism in the northern Kenya” ee uu qoray profesoorka Jarmalka ah ee Günther Schlee.

Sakuye (qabiil oromo ah) waxaa wabiga laga jiiray Malkada Geela ee bariga Kismaayo, waxa uu qoraagu weydiiyey oo miyaa laga cararay oo wabiga la jiiray, haa, wabiga ayey kala bareen (asmo ayey isticmaaleen), dadkaas waxay ahaayen Hawiye, anigaa arkay (Sakuye-yaha hadlaya awoowayaashiisii markaas joogay ayaa anigaa arkay leh, ninka la wareysanaya qarnigii tagay ayuu hadalkii awoowayaashiis profesoorka uga sheekeynayaa) go’yaal tarash leh (farqo leh) ayey sida Randiilaha oo kale wateen, xirsi-na (qardhaas) qoorta ayuu uga xirnaa.
Ogow waxa sidaas leh markaan ma aha turjubaan SAHAL ee hadalkii Sakuye halkaan ka akhrista SAHALna turjubaan Sakuye ha raadsato, bal xilligaas SAHAL-ow xaggeed jirteen?

Wuu sii timaamayaa Hawiyaha meesha ay ka yimaadeen iyo dhinaca ay wabiga Jubba u jiireen, Professorka ayaa weydiiyey ninka Sakuye dadkaas ma Soamaaliya ayey ku nool yihiin? Soomaalidaas Hawiyaha ee wabiga ka shisheeya ayaa dhinacan usoo gudbay, xataa geeloodu wuxuu u ekaa geela Raandiilaha. Marka Hawiyaha xilli hore oo ay ummado aan Soomaali ahayn dhulka joogeen ayuu soo gudbay sida aad u jeeddaan, SAHALna buugaagta caalamka ha jeexjeexdo ama ha ka tirtirto ereyadaan.

Waxaa Taariikhda ka muuqata in Ogaadeenku uusan Galla ka kicinin aagga Kismaayo laakiin ay Hawiye iyo Biyamaal ahaayeen sida hadalka kore ku cad.
Dhulka uu Ogaadeenku ka dagaallamay uu ahaa wixii Gedo iyo gobolka Liiban u dhaxeeya, Jubbada Hoose Ogaadeen waxay ka soo galeen dhanka Wajeer (sida ka muuqata hadalka soo socda) ee xagga Soomaaliya kama soo galin, soonaha Afmadow iyo soona Badhaadhe ayuuna ku egyahay ilaa iyo manta oo xagga Kismayo waxa ka xigay Hawiyaha iyo Dir-ta maadaama ay iyagu dhankii ay ka galeen ee Kismaayo weli sidi u daggan yihiin si fiican u dhuux qaybtan soo socoto.

Faah faahinta xaqiiqda dhabta ah iyo dagaalladii Galla

Halkan waxan rabaa in aan idiin soo koobo sida ay arrintu tahay oo SAHAL beesha ay magacooda ku qaraabato markoodii hore Jubbaland ilaa NFD ku tageen (qof kasta oo baaro arrintaan unbaa u caddaan doonto), si aadan ugu wareerin -sababtoo ah arrintan waa arrinta ay SAHAL is daba mariso- waxan ku qasbanahay inaan si fiican u caddeeyo, Ogadenka oo ugu soo horreeyey beesha Daarood waxay ka yimaadeen Killilka 5aad aagga Yeed ilaa Doolow ayeyna gobolka Gedo ka soo galeen, waagaas Gedo waxa hadallada gaalada laga garan karaa inay joogtay Dir (Fiqimuxumed aagga Boholgaras), Raxanwein (Gasaaragud aagga Luuq, Garre, Tunni iyo Macallin Weyne aagga Baardheere ), markaas ayey Ogaadeenku sheegteen Raxanwein oo markaas awood lahayd (waa arrinta Thesis-ka uu ku qoray wiilka Ogaadeen).
Dhinaca Doolow, Beled Xawo ilaa dhulka hadda xuddudda Kenya xiga waxa joogay Boran iyo Soomaali (Garre, Ajuuran, Dagoodi ) oo Boran (oo aagga Garba Haarrey joogtay) xulafo la ahaa, markuu soo batay ayuu Ogaadeenku dhulkii ay dadkaan joogeen ayuu isku fidiyey waana tan iyadi oo English ah

Wardayda xarunteeda ugu wayn waxay ahay wajeer oo ceelal farabadan oo laga biyo cabba ku lahayd, waxa kale oo ay Warday ku amar kutaagleyneysay ceelasha Ceel Waaq, Boran iyadu waxay ka xumeyd Wardayda isku duuban oo halkii ay is kaashan lahaayeen laga yaababa inay iyadaba maquuniso, dadka xoolo dhaqatada siiba Boran iyo Ajuuran waxa kale oo ay u ciil qabeen ku amar ku taagleynta Warday ee ceelasha Wajeer, Garre isaguna wuxuu u ciil qabay ceelasha Ceel Waaq, hoos ka akhri English-ka.

Ogaadeen oo markan soo batay isagoo ay wehliyaan koox yar oo sheegad woqooyi kala timid ah ayaa isku sii fidiyey dhulkii Tunnida, Raxaweynta, Dirta iyo Wardayda, 1865 cudurkii Furuqa ee helay Warday ayey uga faa’ideysteen Ogaadeen oo dhanka bari ka soo galay iyo Boran, Ajuran, Garre oo ay wehliyaan qabaa’il yar yar oo dhanka Wabiga Dawa oo Mandheera mara ka yimid ayaa iyaguna dhanka woqooyi uga keenay Warday. Hoos ka akhri

Marka sida aad aragtaan dhulka ay Galla (Warday) Ogaadeenka iyo xulafadiisa ka kiciyeen waa NFD-daas aan kor ku soo sheegnay hoos ka sii akhri sidii loo qaybsaday dhulkii laga furtay Galla (Warday) ee min Ceel Waaq, Wajeer ilaa Madheera oo 390km ka badan isu jira (aaway Kismaayo):

Ogaadenku Jubbada Hoose in ay ka soo galeen dhanka Wajeer ayaa cad, sababtoo ah waxaa qoraalka ka muuqdo inay ilaa Gaarisa gaareen, ka dibna ay isku soo fidiyeen dhanka Wajeer, laakiin Boran iyo Ajuran marka horeba hadafkoodu ugu weyn uu ahaa ceelasha Wajeer sidaasna ay toos u abbaareen Wajeer, ka akhri hoos eeg kalmadda ah “... and later expanded into Wajeer”


Kooxda SAHAL hadday ka muranto hadalladan kor ku qoran oo ay tiraa mayee dhanka Kismayo ayaan ka soo galnay, lugta ayey iska toogatay, sababtu waxay tahay tan koowaad gaaladi ayaa sidaas u dhigaysa(waana meeshii aan isku ogeyn aan daliishanno), tan labaad qof ka soo gudbay Killilka 5aad maxaa xeebta Jamaame ka tuuray aaway-se tuulooyinkiinii Kismaayo, tan saddexaad ee uguba daran waa hadalka gaalada ee oranaya meesha waxaa sii dagganaa oo uu Ogaadeen ugu yimid oo lahaa dhulka uu isku sii fidiyey (eeg who expanded at the expenses of other Somali) qabaa’ilkii Soomaalida ahaa (Hawiye, Dir iyo Digil-Mirifle) oo ay ka cararayeen oo dooddoodii oo dhanba way burburaysaa!

Professoor Günther Schlee oo aan buuggiisa hadallada kore ka soo xigtay wuxuu uga duwan yahay Elliott isagoo ah profesoor cilmiga Antropology-ga ah (cilmiga asalka Bani Adam-ka iyo dhaqankooda), wareystayna Oromadii dhulka laga kiciyey wareysigii oo afkoodi ah iyo af Ingiriis ayuu buugga ku wada qoray, halka Elliott uu ahaa nin safar iska ah oo un Turjubaan SAHAL ku tiirsanaa.

Su’aasha is weydiinta mudan waxay tahay Hawiye iyo Daarood ma u sinaayeen dagaalladii Galla lala galay mise Daarood kaligiis ayaa ceyriyey Galla oo Hawiye Hiiraan ayuu ka soo hayaamay sida ay SAHAL sheegto, su’aashaas waxa ka jawaabaya IM Lewis (illeen xaddiis nabi la daliishan maayee war gaal Ingiriis ah unbaa la daliishanayaaye) ka eeg hoos hadalka IM Lewis ee oranaya in Hawiye iyo Daarood dagaalka u dhamaayeen oo waliba hab u dhigma kan milatariga ula dagaallameen Galla, maxay SAHAL u soo qaadan waayeen hadalkaan IM Lewis ee iska cad? Sababtu waxay tahay Hawiye ayuu meesha keenayaa, marka waa qalad IM Lewis wuxuu qoray oo dhan. Hadalka IM Lewis waxaan ka soo qaatay buuggiisa la magac baxay “Pastoral Democracy”

Sow halkaas kuma cadda in Galla la wada eryey oo ay qabaa’ilku u dhmmaayeen, xaggey SAHAL ka keentay inay kaligood ceyriyeen Galla, waa haddiiba aan dhahno Galla-ha Oromo ayuu ahaa.

In dhulka ay wada daggan yihiin Hawiye iyo Daarood ka sii akhri hadalkan IM Lewis:

“The Jubaland Somali were nomadic pastoralists who belonged almost exclusively to two clan-families, the Darod and the Hawiye” SAHALow ka gooya baalasha sheegaya arrimahaas buuggaas IM Lewis.
Akhyaarey waad arkeysaan waxa Galla lagu sheegayo waa Warday, Dir ah sida ay gaalada caddeeyeen xataa ELLIOTT, su’aashu waxay tahay SAHAL ma aqbalaysaa hadalka gaaladaas sheegaya Galla inay Warday ahayd, Warday-na ay Dir tahay, sidaasna ay Dirtu dhulka uga soo horreysay SAHAL, tan kale waxaad soo aragteen in qabaa’ilka Soomaalida ay xataa Galla-ha ka sii horreeyeen haddiiba ay SAHAL gaalada warkeeda diiddo oo ay Galla ku sheegto Oromo (xasuuso gaalo inaan daliishanno ayaan isku ogeyn), sow qabaa’ilka ay gaaladu sheegtay inay Galla dhulka uga sii horeeyeen SAHAL-na ugama sii horreyn meesha marka ma qirsan tihiin in Beesha 5aad, Hawiye iyo Digil iyo Mirifle ay meesha idinkaga sii horreeyeen SAHALow?
Haddiibase Galla-ha ay SAHAL sheegato in ay dhulka ka kiciyeen lagaba sii horreeyey oo sida aan kor ku soo sheegnay meesha ay afarta qabiil ee kale ee Soomaalida sii dagganaayeen Galla ka hor, in Galla dhulka laga kiciyaa maxay macno sameyneysaa? Haddiise Galla ayaa meesha laga kiciyey dhulka lagu yeelanayo sow Galla gaaladu ma sheegin in ay dagaalkiisa u sinnaayeen Hawiye iyo Daarood, maxaad ku yeelateen idinku oo ay qabaa’ilka kale ku waayeen illeen gaalo unban daliishanaynaye? Akhyaarey ma garateen qodobkii labaad ee SAHAL ee ahaa GALLA AYAAN KA KICIYEY inuu yahay hal bacaad lagu lisay?
Waxaa ii haray inaan wax iraahdo arrin ay beryahaan caadaysteen oo ah dhulka kaadi baan u soo cabnay oo waa usoo dagaalannay oo Al-shabaab ayaan ka kicinay, taasna qaybtan ayaan uga hadlayaa.

Waan soo dagaallamay oo dad ayaa iiga dhintay

Arrinta kale ee ay SAHAL ku dooddo marka dhan kasta laga soo xirxiro waxay tahay Axmed Madoobe wuu usoo dagaallamay dhulkaan oo kaadi ayaa loo soo cabbay ragna waa ku dhintay, waa hagaag arrintaas waxaan uga jawaabayaa saddex arrimood, tan hore dhulka horta Kenya oo taangiyo, diyaarado iyo maraakiib dagaal wadata ayaa xoreysay oo ilaa hadda haysata haddii aadan hal xabbo qush ka siininna Kenya way qabsan lahayd kolleyba, hadda hadday baxdana, ciidan kiina ah oo ka haraya oo Soomaali ah ma jiro oo waad raacaysaan marka aniguna waan la socday maxay taraysaa.
Tan labaad waxaan ognahay markii ciidankii xoogga dalka la aruuriyey xilligii Gaandhi hab qabiil ayaa loo kala saaray, ciidankii beelaha kale waa laga tagay oo 2000 oo isku hal reer kaliya ah ayey Kenya tababar siisay Isiyelow waxayna ahayd kaarto hadhow lagu dhaho aniga kaliya ayaa usoo dagaallamay oo dad kale lagu faquuqo.
Tan saddexaad ee lugta idiinka tooganaysa waxay tahay haddii waan u soo dagaallamay dhul lagu milkinayo isbahaysigii Dooxada Jubbaba way usoo dagaallameen Kismaayo oo kaadi ayey usoo cabbeen, ragna waa uga dhintay rag dhabtii Jubbaland u dhashayna waa ku jireen isbahaysigaasi-sida ay idinkuba idinku jiraan rag jubbaland u dhashay- ma u oggoshihiin inay Kismaayo maamulaan? Waxa aad ku diiddeen ayaa idinkuna laydinku diidan yahay. Ma idin dhacay warkaas?

Annagaa majority ah inta kalena waa minority

Marar badan waxaad maqlaysaa SAHAL oo leh beesha SAHAL ayaa majority ka ah Jubbaland dadka kalana waa dad laga tiro badan yahay. Dagmooyinka aad tirsaneysaan waa tuulooyinkiini oo Siyaad Barre degmo idinka dhigay ummadda kalena way idinla daggan tahay degmooyinkaas oo kaligiin kuma tihiin, dadka kalana tuulooyinkoodii weli waa tuulooyin inta bandanna iyaga kaligood ayaa daggan bal goormaad dadka soo tiro koobteen oo aad u qaybiseen majority iyo minority?
Haddaad caddaalad rabtaan oo aadba hubtaan in ummadda kale ay minority tahay aad idinku ka badan tihiin, maxaad u diiddan tihiin in dalka la wada xoreeyo oo doorasho caddaalad ah laga galo Jubbaland si sahlan ayaadba ku guuleysan kartaan illeen “majority” ayaadba tihiine?
Waxaad wax u dadajinaysaan sow ma aha inaad hadda xeer eex ku dhisan oo hadhow lama dhaafaan noqda (sida madaxweynaha iyo ku xigeenkiisa weligood annaga ayey naga imaanayaan iwm) sii dhoodhoobtaan illeen waxaad tuhunsan tihiin in doorasho caddaalad ah aadan ku soo baxaynine? Somalida kale way idiinla fahamsan tahay kaartadaas mana soconeyso.

Gabgabo iyo Gunaanad

Haddaba haddii uu Hawiye Galla ka ceyriyey Jubbooyinka oo uu daggan yahay (sida qoraalka kore ee IM Lewis iyo Map-kaba ku cad) maxay SAHAL odayaashiisa Muqdisho uga dhigaan in ay denbi galeen oo ay tahay in ay ka towbad keenaan haddiiba ay ka hadlaan arrimaha Jubbooyika maxaase odayaasha Puntland xaq usiiyey inay Boosaaso oo 2000km u jirta Kismaayo in ay si xor ah uga hadlaan Jubbooyinka oo aan dulmi ahayn SAHALow?
Tan kale yaa arkay Hawiye oo dhahaya Puntland ama Somaliland qaybteyda ha la iga siiyo, muxuuse u dhihi waayey, sababta waxay tahay dhulkaas deegaan kuma aha laakiin Jubbooyinka waa dhulkiisi cidna u daba fadhiisan maayo, waxaa xusid mudan in la caddeeyo Muqdisho-da hadda la leeyahay guryo ayaa laka haystaa iwm.
Sidan hadda Jubbooyinka ka jirta ayaa ka jirtay waagii dowladdii Siyaad Barre, waxaa laga kari waayey dadkii waagaas joogay war dulmiga iyo eexda ha laga dhaafo ummadda, hadday xafiis dan kaasoo gasho yaa naag ka dhalatay reerka madaxweynaha qabo bal iyada ha noo soo dhamayso danaheena ayey dadku ku joogeen xamar yacni second class citizen (dad dhulkooda marti ku ah) qof walbana marqaati ayuu ka yahay arrintaas, hadafkaygu ma aha in dadka guryaha dadka kale ku habsaday ee xaaraanta ku dhex jiro aan qiil u raadinayo laakiin waxan ka wadaa haddii uu dulmiga bato dadku hal mar ayey butaacaayaan taasoo keeni karto inay iyaguna dulmi kale sii galaan, haddadaasna waa taas dadkan laga keri la’yahay war dadka Jubbooyinka second class citizen-nimada ka daaya oo idinka wax ha u yeerinina idinkoo xoog shisheeye isticmaalaya, waxa is weydiin mudan dadku waxay ku diiddan yihiin in la sinnaado oo si caddaalad ah meeshii lawada daggan yahay lagu qaybsado, cajiib!.
Haddii dhulka lagu milkinayo yaa daggan oo tuulooyin iyo dhul daaq ahba ku leh, maqaal hore ayaan idiinku soo gudbiyey tuulooyinka Hawiye ee Jubbada Hoose (eeg Xaqiiq iyo Caddeyn: Kismaayo Hawiye iyo Daarood yaa dadka deegaanka ah?), tuulooyinka hawiye ee gobolka Jubbada  Dhexena waan idiin soo gudbin doonaa haddii uu eebbe idmo, haddii war GAAL ingiriis ah uu qoray dhul lagu milkinayana waa kaa gaalka ingiriiska ah caddeynaya in Hawiye deegaan ka yahay Jubbooyinka (eeg map-ka kore ee IM Lewis deegaanka Hawiye ee Jubbaland).
Digil iyo Mirifle-na waa taas gaaladu leedahay Garre ayaa ugu horreeyey Jubbaland waana kuwii uu Ogaadeen sheegat ku ahaan jiray Jubbaland (sida uu ninka Ogaadenka ah jaamacadda u gudbiyey), Beesha 5aad-na Carab iyo Baajuun waaba dadkii kow dagay magaalada Kismaayo, Jareer Weyne waa nimanka Gosha daggan oo gaaladoo dhan ay sheegeen. Beesha Dir-na waa Biyomaalka iyo Wardayda daggan Jubbooyinka iyo warkii Elliott ee sheegayey in Isaaq daggan yahay Jubbaland illeen waa warkaas oo kale kan aad idinkuba meesha ku joogtaane. Akhyaarey sow dhulkaas dhul ay 5 ta (ama 4.5) beelood ee soomaali ka kooban tahay ay wada leeyihiin ma aha? Jubbooyinka waa dhul Daarood, xaggey SAHAL ka keentay?

Haddii ay sheekadu boob iyo xoog shisheyaan wataa tahayna ma cid lagu baadi karaa jirto? Hadday dowladda Soomaaliya burburtana- waa sida aad rabtaane SAHAL-ow- meeshaad ka gashaan ayey Soomaalida kalena ka galaysaa oo ah gun nimo iyo qaxooti. Hadda madaxweynayaal kala duwan ayey qolo walba kaga dhawaaqday Jubbaland, SAHALow ilmaha iyo haweenka qurbaha ceyrta ku qaata soo aruuriya ee TV-yada Soomaalida lacag siiya kana alalaasa (waa filimkii maamul goboleedyadii feegga ahaa ee aan 2011 aadka u daawannay) xaqiiqda la iska indho tiraya waxay tahay “buun ninkii xada meel uu ku yeeriyo ayaa la rabaa” ninna tuuladiisa cid kale u daba fadhiisan maayo, ma u maleynaysaa in Kenya iska dhaafe Mareykan iyo Ingiriis ay dadka deegaanka Jubbooyinka u sandulleyn karaan Axmed Madoobe?
Waa sidaasoo ninka Axmed Madoobe ah ee aan manta 5ta xaafadood ee Kismaayo ka talinin ay ku sii sugayaan Jamaame, Jilib, Saakow iwm warkiisuna hadda uu ku soo koobmay “xaflad lagu taageerayey madaxweynaha Jubbaland oo ka dhacday……ulululuuluulu.” Maxamed Ammiin C/llaahi waa nin Ogaadeen, Maxamed Subeyr ah oo Waamo ku dhashay aabihiina uu Waamo ku dhashay, Kismaayo ayey ku xayireen kooxda Axmed Madoobe ee Killilka 5aad ka timid isagoo Xamar ka yimid sababtu waxay tahay Maxamed Amiin wuxu aaminsan yahay figradda ay dadka kale ee reer Waamo aaminsan yihiin ee ah jidka kaliya ee ay Kismaayo ku dagi karto kaas oo ah in loo laabto xeerkii reer Waamo ee 1971 lagu heshiiyey, 22 kii sano ee la soo dhaafay Maxamed Amiin wuxuu ka qayb galay shirar badan oo Kismaayo loo qabtay, wuxuu ogaaday in koox intay Kismaayo qabsato dadka iyada wax u yeerisa in horey looga soo daalay oo aysan soconeyn laakiin yaa talo ka dhagaysanaya, ayaan darrada Kismaayo haysata waxaa ka mid ah marba nin cusub ayaa imaanaya.
Axmed Madoobe oo killilka 5aad Itixaad-nimo uga soo cararay ayaa xilligii maxkamadaha loo dhiibay Kismaayo, wuxuu dhadhamiyey lacagta Doollarka ah ee dekadda Kismaayo ka soo xeroota qorina wuu haystaa (maxaad u maleynaysaa nin qaxooti weligiis ahaa oo laga yaabo inuusan si fiican u dhargin oo hal mar doollar arkay) hadal ma ka dhagaysanyaa Maxamed Amminn ilaa uu maro meeshii ay dagaal oogayaashii kale mareen, wuxuu isku dayey Axmed Madoobe inuu is sharciyeeyo ha yeeshee waad u jeeddaan oo way socon la’dahay, dadku ma is weydiiyeen waxa ay u socon la’dahay dadkii reer Waamo sida Maxamed Ammiin ayaa dhulkoodii marti ku ah oo ummad kale oo Killilka 5aad iyo Puntland ka timid ay dhulkoodii qori ku haysataa annaguna waxan u qaylineyno waxay tahay war talada Waamo gacanta reer Waamo ha lagu soo celiyo iyagaa is yaqaanna oo weligood wax soo qaybsan jiray xeerarna leh, bal intaas maxaa ku jaban!
Dadku khiyaaliga iyo beenta ay isku maaweelinayaan ha iska dhaafeen, daqiiqad kasta oo ay soomaalidu isku jeesato waxay ka go’an tahay waqtigii loogu talo galay inay Soomaaliya cagaheeda ku istaagto, runta ha loo soo wada laabto, gobollada ha la wada xoreeyo si ay dadka wakiilladooda uga soo dooran karaan tuulooyinka, haddii markaas Axmed Madoobe uu ku guuleysto waan u wada mashxaradeynaa anagoo ah 5ta beelood ee ay Soomaali u qaybsan tahay, inta ka horreysa waxaan leenahay maamul kama jiro kismaayo nin walbana xaafaddiisa way u xiran tahay.
Xoog inaan qabiil waxba looga qaadaynina si practical ah ayaan usoo ogaannay 22 sano ee aan soo dhaafnay, Wiilwaal-na horay ayuu noogu sheegay haddaan dhego leenahay oo wuxuu yiri “rag hooyadiina waan u saariyey, laakiin walaalow wuxuu ku dhaamo la waa”. Soomaaliyeey caqligu ha shaqeeyo. 
Abdi Osman - adam2025@gmail.com
Keydmedia Online - http://www.keydmedia.net

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Somalia: Reports of clashes between Hawiye (or subclan Hawadle) and Dir clans/sub-clans in the area of Beledweyne [Beled Weyne, Belet Weyne] in Hiiraan [Hiiran, Hiiraan] and in Mogadishu; state of interclan relations between the Hawiye and Dir in Mogadishu (2014-April 2016)



Somalie : information sur les affrontements signalés entre les clans ou sous-clans Hawiye (ou sous-clan Hawadle) et Dir dans la région de Beledweyne [Beled Weyne, Belet Weyne], dans la région d'Hiiraan [Hiiran, Hiiraan] et à Mogadiscio; l'état des relations entre les clans Hawiye et Dir à Mogadiscio (2014-avril 2016)

Canada: Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada, Somalia: Reports of clashes between Hawiye (or subclan Hawadle) and Dir clans/sub-clans in the area of Beledweyne [Beled Weyne, Belet Weyne] in Hiiraan [Hiiran, Hiiraan] and in Mogadishu; state of interclan relations between the Hawiye and Dir in Mogadishu


1. Reports of Conflict in the Area of Beledweyne

Without providing further details about the clans involved, sources report that rival clan militias have clashed in the town of Beledweyne in October 2015 (Hiiraan Online 19 Oct. 2015; VOA 19 Oct. 2015). Shabelle Media Network, a Somali news agency based in Mogadishu (AllAfrica n.d.), reports that "heavy clash has erupted again between two clan militias" in Beledweyne in December 2015 (Shabelle Media Network 13 Dec. 2015). Sources state that the conflict in October was over "tax collection" (VOA 19 Oct. 2015) or "extortion" money (Hiiraan Online 19 Oct. 2015). According to sources, on 22 January 2015, "at least" 23 people were killed in a land dispute between the Dir and Hawadle clans in the towns of Burdhinle and Hada-Ogle in the Hiraan region (US 13 Apr. 2016, 13; AFP 22 Jan. 2015).
A 2015 report by the UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (UNOCHA) states that there has been fighting between Dir and Hawadle clans in and around Deefow village, which is located "40km north east of Belet Weyne" (UN 25 June 2015, 1). The report states that fighting over a land dispute has been ongoing since 2013, leading to the death of "at least 100 people," which has "also resulted in displacement of about 90 percent of people from Deefow, Kabxanle and Dom-Caday villages into Belet Weyne" (ibid.). According to the report, "militia[s] from both sides clashed" on 3 June 2015, and on 22 June 2015, "militias from the Dir clan reportedly burnt down eight houses in Guri Caddo village about 28km northeast of Belet Weyne" (ibid.).
Horseed Media, a news site run by Somali diaspora in the Netherlands and Finland (Horseed Media n.d.), reports that in March 2015, militias from the Hawadle and Surre tribes clashed in Deefow: 12 people died during the fighting, and "dozens" were injured (ibid. 21 Mar. 2015). According to a 2015 UN Security Council report, the Surre is a Dir clan "with two branches, Abadalle and Qebeys, found in Mudug, Hiran, Gedo and the Jubbas" (UN 19 Oct. 2015, 241).

2. Hawiye and Dir Interclan Relations in Mogadishu

Information on clan relations between the Hawiye and Dir clans and sub-clans, including reports of conflict, could not be found among the sources consulted by the Research Directorate within the time constraints of this Response. According to sources, the Hawiye are a "predominant" (Mail & Guardian Africa 19 May 2015) or "the traditionally dominant" clan in Mogadishu (EU Feb. 2016, 50). In a report based on its 2015 fact-finding mission to Kenya and Somalia, the Danish Immigration Service states that Mogadishu is one of the "most complicated" towns when it comes to clan composition, due to 25 years of conflict, internal displacement and population movement (Denmark Sept. 2015, 41). For further information on the situation in Mogadishu, including diaspora returnees and the security situation, see Response to Information Request SOM105094.

References

Agence France-Presse (AFP). 22 January 2015. "At Least 23 Killed in Somalia Clan Violence." [Accessed 19 Apr. 2016]
AllAfrica. N.d. "Shabelle Media Network (Mogadishu)." [Accessed 22 Apr. 2016]
Denmark. September 2015. Danish Immigration Service. South Central Somalia: Country of Origin Information for Use in the Asylum Determination Process. [Accessed 22 Apr. 2016]
European Union (EU). February 2016. European Asylum Support Office (EASO). EASO Country of Origin Information Report: Somalia Security Situation. [Accessed 19 Apr. 2016]
Hiiraan Online. 19 October 2015. "8 Killed as Rival Clan Militias Fight in Beled Weyne." [Accessed 19 Apr. 2016]
Horseed Media. 21 March 2015. A. Abdirhaman. "Deadly Clan Violence Leaves over 10 Dead in Somalia." [Accessed 19 Apr. 2016]
Horseed Media. N.d. "About Horseed." [Accessed 19 Apr. 2016]
Mail & Guardian Africa. 19 May 2015. Mikolaj Radlicki. "Who Really Rules Somalia? - The Tale of Three Big Clans and Three Countries." [Accessed 19 Apr. 2016]
Shabelle Media Network. 13 December 2015. "Somalia: Tribal Clash Erupts in Western Beledweyne City." [Accessed 19 Apr. 2016]
United Nations (UN). 19 October 2015. Security Council. Letter Dated 9 October 2015 from the Chair of the Security Council Committee Pursuant to Resolutions 751 (1992) and 1907 (2009) Concerning Somalia and Eritrea Addressed to the President of the Security Council. S/2015/801. [Accessed 26 Apr. 2016]
United Nations (UN). 25 June 2015. Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA). Inter-Agency Initial Investigation Report - Inter Clan Fighting in Deefow. [Accessed 5 Apr. 2016]
United States (US). 13 April 2016. Department of State. "Somalia." Country Reports on Human Rights Practices for 2015. [Accessed 15 Apr. 2016]
Voice of America (VOA). 19 October 2015. Harun Maruf. "Somalia Clan Clashes Kill 14." [Accessed 19 Apr. 2016]

Additional Sources Consulted

Oral sources: East and Horn of Africa Human Rights Defenders Project; professor, School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London; representative, International Committee of the Red Cross, Somalia; senior research fellow, Clingendael Institute.
Internet sites, including: Africa Confidential; Amnesty International; Ayyaantu News; BBC; ecoi.net; Factiva; Freedom House; Geeska Afrika Online; Human Rights Watch; International Crisis Group; IRIN; Jane's Intelligence Review; The New York Times; UN - Refworld.
Copyright notice: This document is published with the permission of the copyright holder and producer Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada (IRB). The original version of this document may be found on the offical website of the IRB at http://www.irb-cisr.gc.ca/en/. Documents earlier than 2003 may be found only on Refworld.



http://www.refworld.org/docid/592d7a414.html

 AT least 23 people been killed in Somalia in clan-related violence caused by a land dispute, officials and elders said. 

 Thursday, January 22, 2015 AP

The clashes between armed militia from two groups broke out around the villages of Burdhinle and Hada-Ogle, situated in central Somalia's Hiiran region and close to the border with Ethiopia.
"The fighting was heavy and the clan militias used armed vehicles. Twenty-three are so far confirmed dead but the toll could be higher," local elder Osman Ahmed told AFP by telephone from the region.
Another elder, Abdule Muhamed, said both sides were heavily armed and that fighting was continuing.
Fighting between the Dir and Hawadle clans started late last year but had been stopped after the Somali national army and African Union peacekeepers from Djibouti intervened.
Somali government officials in the Hiiran region confirmed the clashes.
"We hope the brotherly clans will end their hostility through mediation and not bloodshed as is happening now," said Abdi Ga'al, a Somali local government official.
"There are efforts to mediate between the sides, and the elders are about to go and solve it," he said

 

8 killed as rival clan militias fight in Beled Weyne

Monday October 19, 2015

 BELEDWEYNE (HOL) - Heavily armed rival militia factions have clashed in the central Somali town of Beledweyne, killing at least eight people, including civilians.

 

 Witnesses said the fighting followed a prolonged dispute involving an extortion money collected from cars using the toll road between the town and Ethiopian regions.

The fighting which started in the early hours of Monday has intensified after the two sides received reinforcements which spanned out the standoff.

Security officials in the town told HOL that troops from the African Union are due to be deployed in the area to mediate the two sides and deploy peacekeepers who would monitor ceasefire.

Hospital sources told HOL that at least ten people have been brought to the town’s main hospital where doctors warned the imminent closure of the health facility due to shortages of medicine and supplies.

Previous heavy intra-clan fighting between the two militia groups has left dozens of people dead and many others injured.

Despite efforts aimed at rebuilding Somalia’s army, clan and freelance militias scattered throughout the country pose a greater challenge to the government which is trying to extend its rule across the country.

Checkpoints and extortion revenues often trigger fighting between militia factions in Somalia. The collapse of Somalia’s central government in 1991 had led to the reign of warlords and militias who use checkpoints as an important income source.  





The fighting broke out on Tuesday between the Sa'ad, Habar Gedir subclan and the Dir, and was concentrated in and around the villages of Towfiq and Awle, some 200 km east of Galkayo, the journalist Dahir Abdulkadir Aflow said. The two villages are populated by the Dir.

The clashes were triggered by revenge killings for the deaths of two Sa'ad men in Galkayo last week, but the ensuing escalation of violence was also attributed to disagreements over water and grazing in the area, Aflow said. "It is more about water and grazing land right now."

"Unfortunately, this is something that happens when nomads in search of pasture and water collide with each other," he said. This particular clash between the two clans had been "exacerbated by the easy availability of heavy weapons".

"Previously they used spears or guns but now both sides are using technicals [battlewagons fitted with heavy machine guns]," he said. "In an area with little cover for concealment, the casualty figures are bound to be high."

He added that the casualty toll was likely to rise once the fighting stopped and both sides could take their wounded to hospitals.

Abdullahi Dayib of the Dir clan told IRIN that among those killed from his clan were three women and four children.

The fighting has reportedly displaced hundreds of families who have no access to wells or water points, Dayib said. He stressed the need for help, "but given the lack of roads and current insecurity in the area, I doubt if anyone will come to their aid".





12/01/2011
Mudug Conflict Over Pasturelands Fueled by Weapons From Region
Clan fighting over pasturelands between two rival Somali sub-clans in central Somalia has triggered revenge killings, land disputes and conflicts and claimed the lives of at least 15 people on Wednesday.
 Residents of the region informed Somalia Report that more than 25 others were injured in fighting that began on Wednesday afternoon in the rural areas between Amaara and Ba’adweyne villages in Somalia’s Mudug region.


Most of the injured are the disputing tribesmen, according to the residents. They were admitted to hospitals in the Galkayo and Hobyo Districts.


The area is calm as of Wednesday evening, although the two pastoral communities are arming for future rural clashes, according to Mukhtar Hussein Ahmed, a resident of Galhure village near Amaara.

He said the fighting was between two armed militias from the Saleebaan and Qubeys sub-clans who had been fighting in the rural areas during the last two years. “The latest clashes were provoked by revenge killings, disputes over pasture lands and water in the countryside between Amaara and Ba’adweyne villages in Central Somalia,” Mukhtar said.


He added the fighting started near Amaara village, and spread to the surrounding rural areas. The residents of Galhurre confirmed to Somalia Report that the rural communities living in that area are fleeing their homes due to the heavy fighting, with shells from mortars and firearms endangering their homes.

An elder from the Qubeys sub-clan of Dir has strongly criticized the administration of Himan & Heeb, based in the Adaado District of Galgaduud region, for arming rural communities to instigate the conflicts between the two sub-clans.


“The administration is equipping the pastoral communities with weapons and armored vehicles,” Mohamed Abdi Ahmed, an elder from one of the sub-clans told Somalia Report by telephone. “Elders from the two sub-clans have stepped in to help resolve the repeated conflicts, and negotiations have started to settle the situation,” he added.


Somali rural communities are largely livestock herders, and conflicts and deadly clashes over grazing lands and water are common plights among the Somalia’s many clans.


Somalia Report tried to contact the administration of Himan & Heeb to address the fighting between the two sub-clans in central Somalia, but they were not available for comment.


During this year, the conflict between the two sub-clans of Qubeys and Saleebaan has killed at least 80 people, including women and children.

Taariikhda Abwaan Maxamed Ibraahim Warsame (Hadraawi)

 


Maxamed Ibraahim Warsame oo kumagac dheer (Hadraawi), waa mid kamid ah tiirarka fanka Soomaalida, waa abwaan ku caan baxay curinta Heesaha iyo Gabayada.

Maxamed wuxuu ku dhashay magaala madaxda gobolka Togdheer ee Burco sanadki 1943kii, waxa uu ka dhashay qoys faqiir ah oo ka koobnaa 9 carruur ah, hal gabar iyo siddeed wiil. Maxamed Ibraahim marki uu 10 jir ahaa wuxuu aaday dalka Yemen isagoo waqtigaa laga billaabo la nolaa adeerkiis.

Halkaas ayuu ka galay dugsi, iyadoo magaca uu ku can baxay ee Hadraawi uu halkaa uga baxay, waraysi uu bixiyay ayuuna ku sheegay magacu inuu asal ahaan (Abuu Hadra) oo uu macallinki dugsigu u bixiyay, maadaama uu ahaa nin ardayda aad ugu sheekeeya misana ka qosliya. Marki uu dugsiga ka baxayne wuxuu macallin ka noqday mid kamid dugsiyada hoose ee dalkaYemen.

Marki ay Soomaaliya xornimada qaadatay, gobollada waqoyi iyo koofurne ay midoobeen, Hadraawi Yaman wuu kasoo tagay isagoo dib ugusoo laabtay dalkiisa hooyo gaar ahaan magaala madaxda Muqdisho, isagoo halkaas mar kale noloshiisa ka billaabay, wuxuu ku biiray jaamacadda Umadda, ka qali jebiyay oo isla iyadana uu bare ka noqday, iyadoo ay bar-bar socotay inuu la shaqaynayay wasaaradda warfaafinta iyo Radio Muqdisho.

Hadraawi oo noqday gabyaa iyo heeso curiye caan ka ah bulshada dhexdeeda wuxuu ahaa nin aad uga soo hor jeeda maamulki militariga ahaa ee uu majaraha u hayay Jeneraal Maxamed Siyaad Barre, heeso iyo gabayo kasoo hor jeeday maamulki dalka oo uu tiriyay darteed ayaa sababtay in xabsiga loo taxaabo, waxaana lagu xeray magaalada Qansax Dheere oo ah magaalo 90km dhanka koofur galbeed ka jirta magaalo madaxda gobolka Bay ee Baydhabo, wuxuuna xabisag ku jiray 5 sano lagasoo billaabi 1973 ilaa 1978.

Hadraawi marki uu xabsiga kasoo baxay wuxuu kamid noqday maamulka Akadeemiyadda Cilmiga, Fanka iyo Suugaanta.

Xilliyadi billiwga burburka iyo dagalladi sokeeye Hadraawi wuxuu aaday Ingiriiska isagoo kaddibna safarro kuso maray inta badan waddamada Yurub iyo Maraykankaba, wuxuuna ka qayb galay xaflado faneed lagu dhigayay waddamadaas.

1999 ayuu Hadraawi ku laabta Hargaysa.

Heesaha ugu caansan ee lagu xasuusto Hadraawi waxaa kamid ah: Baladwayn oo uu qaaday fannaanka Xasan Aadan Samatar. Hooyo oo uu qaaday allaha u naxariistee fannaanki lagu magacaabay boqorka codka Maxamed Saleebaan Tubeec. Jacayl Dhiig Malagu Qoray oo iyadana ay qaadday allaha u naxariistee boqoraddi codka Xaliima Khaliif Cumar Magool. Suleekha oo uu qaaday allaha u naxariistee Fannaanki Maxamed Nuur Giriig. Iyo kuwa kale oo badan.

Qaar kamid ah heesaha uu sameeyane waxaa lagu tarjumay luqado kale.

Gabayadiisana waxaa kamid ah: Gudgude, Daalallay, Daba huwan oo ah gabay aad u dheer kana kooban ilaa 803 tuduc ama bayt. Silsiladdi Sinlay oo uu qayb ka ahaa, iyo kuwa kale oo badan.

Maxamed Ibraahim Warsame Hadraawi sanadki 2012 wuxu ku guulaystay abaalmarinta Prince Claus Fund oo uu ku mutaystay gabayada iyo heesaha waxtarka u leh bulshada ee uu sameeyay.

Hadraawi iminka wuxuu ku noolyahay  magaaladi uu ku dhashay ee Burco.

Taariikhdii Abwaan Xasan Sh. Muumin (AUN) Reer Borame

 

Xasan Sheekh Muumin wuxuu ku dhashay magaalada Boorame hilaadihii 1930.kii Caa’ilad reer diineed ayuu ka soo jeedaa. Dugsiga quraan ayuu waxbarshadiisa ka billaabay. Shaqooyin kala duduwan ayuu qabtay.

Shaqadiisii dowladeed ugu horeysay wuxuu ka qabtay Raadiyo Muqdisho iyo Wasaaradda Waxbarashada. Raadiyo Muqdisho wuxuu ka ahaa soo saare barnaamij.

 Taa dambe, waxay fursad u siisay inuu diyaariyo agaasinka waxna ka alifo barnaamijyka “Riwaayada Raadiyaha,” hab taxane ah dadweynuhu aad u hiigsado. Halkaas ayuu ku soo caan baxay.

Hawshiisii ugu horeysay, wuxuu abaabulay Riwaayada la magac baxday: “Hubsiimo hal baa la siistaa.” Isla markiiba xigtay Golaha Murtida & Madadaalada lagu furay: “Shabeel Naagood,” ayadu noqotay heer caalami. Waxaa turjumay Macalin Goosh (Andrzejwski: Leopard Among the Women, London, @1974, OUP). Waxaa xigay “Gaara Bidhaan” iyo “Ehelunaar Adduunka.” Labadan dambe iyo guud ahaan fikradihiisa, waa labo sheeko mujtamaca taabanaya. Tan hore, waxaa ayaamahaas kulmay, dhalinyaradii wadanka waxbarasho dibada ugu maqnaa iyo soo laabadkoodii ayagoo soo guursaday hablo caddaan ah. Sheekada wadanka jirtay umbuu taabtay, waxay bulshadi ku noqotay: “Meel bugta iyo fartay is og.” (hoos ayeynu kaga hadli doonaa).

 Midan kale, Ehelunaar Aduunka, ayada wuxuu ka soo naqliyey fikrada suugaanlihii Masar, “Al mucadabuun fil ardi,” waana sheekada shaqaalaha ku dulman wax soo saarka dhaliya iyo hanti goosadka ribix kaliyah u muuqdo. In la is waafajiyo sidii wax loo sixi la iskuna miisaami lahaa ayuu nishaabay. Xagga waxbarashada sidoo kale, dabyar ma shidin. Wuxuu ku noqday guddigii 1970kii loo xilsaaray qorista af Soomaaliga maanta aynu miradeeda muudsanayno. Hawshiisa fara badnayd wuxuu ka cudur daartay, ha yeeshee, waxaa loogu bedelay la-taliye u noqdo. Mahrajaanadii dhalinta dugsiyada kala duduwanaa intooda badan asagaa isku dubariday waxaa ka mid ahaa:


Soomaaliyey sara kacaa
Isticmaarka surka goynoo
Oo dalkeena aan ka saarno….
Haddaba aynu soo qaadano suugaantiisii qaar ka mid ah, halka dadka madaxooda iyo maankooda ruxisay:
Gorayadu ilmaheeda
Aroori bay dhigtaayo
Aboodigu ku laayaa
Shimbirtuna aroos ay
Ilaxidhoo ammaana bay
Ubadkeeda seexisaa…..!

 
Halkan waxaa inooga soo baxaya isaseega (iska soo horjeedka) iyo ekaansho ka dhex muuqda labo maanso. Iyo wax hoos u qarsoon oo ay tahay qofka dhagaysanaya inuu kala soo baxo ubucda maansada. Midaa weeye ta dhadhanka goonida u yeelaysa maansada.

 Halkan ekaanshuhu, waa ubad shimbir iyo gorayo. Ereyga qarsooni waa labo shay oo kala weyn. Shimbir yar iyo goroy aad uga weyn. Isaseegu wuxuu ku jira, habka dhaqanka labadan shimbirood. Midii weyneyd, ubadkeeda meel cidla’ ciirsan ayey uga dhaqaaqdaa, tii yareydna buul geed dhaladii ku yaal ayey uga dul heestaa. Baydkan dambe, adinka ayaan idiin daayey inaad maankiina maashaan:


 Ilka weynow maroodigu
Aradaduu mirtaa buu
Cadowgu ka ugaadhaa
Aboorkuna dundumadaan
Aragnay buu dhistaayoo
Naftiisa ku ilaashaa…..!

Suugaantiisa ka dhammaan meyno, sidoo kale, dab dhaxamooday, durdur oomay iyo daawo bukootay bal idinkuba eegoo in la helo meel laga maro. Maanta umbay inoo muuqataa inay maanta ciida ku rognay Qaamuus. Aniga dhowaan ayuu dhidibka ila aslay buug, qalinkana ku duugay hordhaciisana. Waxaa intaa dheer subax Ilaahay keenaba, fikrad cusub iyo talo wax ku ool ah ayuu kolba igu soo butaaci jiray. Wuxuu nishaabi jiray halkan isleeyahay waxay u baahan tahay in la is barbardhigo labo maanso aan shaqo isku lahayn.



Haddanna wax fara badan wadaaga qaar muuqda iyo mid qarsoon (Compartative Analysis). Inta waxaa dheer riwaayadiisa sare ku soo xusay, “Gaaraa Bidhaan,”waxay isku miisaan wadaagaan riwaayadda Cali Sugule, “Kalahaab iyo Kalahaad.” Ayaguna wakhigooda ayey leeyihiin. Waxaan isleeyahay buuggani wuxuu gaarsiiyo meel uusan haaban lahayn la’aantii, dhinac walba marka laga eego. Waxaan ka qoray, malahayga, dhowr cadad ayey u baahan yihiin in lagu soo wada koobo. Kolayba in aan abaal uga dhigo ayaa i dulsaaran. Asagana naxariis iyo jannada Fardowsa Ilaahay ha ka waraabiyo eheladiisana iyo Soomaalina samir iyo iimaan ha ka siiyo.

 Aamiin!


Abwaan Xasan Sheekh 16kii Jannaayo 2008 ayuu ku geeriyooday magaalada Oslo ee dalka Norway, waxaana lagu aasay magaalada Boorama. Ilaah ha u naxariisto.

 Qoraha
Abdulfatah Abdullahi Gacmadheere
Asaaska Suugaanta Soomaaliyeed
Cadadka: I°
Reggio Emilia, 18th January, 2008, Italy.

Magaalada Bacaad Weyne ( Qubeys Surre Dir)

 http://farm4.static.flickr.com/3093/3122702908_899ff6d31e_z.jpg

Bacad weyne waa Degmo ka´tirsan gobolka Mudug, waana magaalo facweyn oo ku caan ah barashada diinta islaamka sidoo kale waa magaalo ganacsi oo waxay caan ku tahay cusbada iyadoo loo iib geeyo dhamaan gobolada kale ee dalka soomaaliya iyo waliba Ethiopia. Waa degmo caan ku ah biyaha iyo daaqa. (GREEN ZONE) sidoo kale waa Degmo caan ku ah wax soo saaraka dalaga beeraha iyo dhaqashada xoolaha sida geela ariga iyo Lo'da. Xoolaha degmadaan waxaa loo iib geeyaa dhamaan gobolada kale ee dalka iyo waliba dalka Saudi Arabia. Waxaa xiriir ganacsi oo aad u facweyn la leh degmadaan shirkada dhoofinta xoolaha ee indho deero oo ah shirkada kaliya ee heysata ogolaanshaha dhoofinta xoolaha ee deegaankan. waxa kaloo taga dad fara badan oo kayimaada dalal kala duwan Degmadaan waxaa daga beesha (Qubeys ee Surre, Dir) oo ah beel facweyn oo kasoo jeeda Qowmiyada Direed. waxaana hoos yimaada ilaa 51 tuulo. Dadkeedana waxaa lagu qiyaasaa ilaa 100,000 oo ruux waxaana ka arimiya haatan maamulka Galmudug.


 




Horumarka

Degmada Bacadweyne waxaa ka socda dhismayaal dugsiyo H/dhexe iyo kuwa sare, Isbitaalka guud ee Degmda (Bacadweyne Genaral Hospital) Guriga Martida & hoteelo & Xarumo ganacsi oo ah dhamaantood kuwa cusub. Waxaa kaloo socda dayactir balaaran dhismayaashii qadiim ka ahaa. waxaa u istaagay howlahaan dhamaan jaaliyada beesha Qubeys ee ku nool qurbaha & kuwa gudaha oo go'aansaday iney ka qeyb qaataan horumarka dalkooda, waxaa iyadana la wadaa dhismaha wadada isku xirta Gaalkacyo iyo Bacadweyne ilaa Hobyo. Degmada Bacadweyne waxaa ka furan dhowr xawaaladood sida (DAHABSHIIL BANK). 


Degmada Bacadweyne waa Degmo aad u qurux badan xiliga barwaaqada waxayna leedahay dhir fara badan oo inta badan abaar & aaranba cagaaran waxana dhinaca ku haya Bacaad guur guura oo dadka deegaanka looga fadhiyo in ay dhir ku dul beeraan si bacaadku uusan ugu soo fidin Magaalada, waxaa kalee jiro qorshe lagu dhisayo Machadyo sare oo lagu baran doono culuunta Diiniga, Beeraha, Xoolaha& Kaluumeysiga, Ganacsiga, Caafimaadka, Farshaxanka & Farsamada Gacanta iyo IWM.


Kuwaas oo loogu magac darayo Shaqsiyaad Beesha ka tirsanaa oo ahaa halgamayaal gaar ahaan Beesha Qubeys iyo guud ahaan ummada Soomaaliyeed magac iyo maamuus ku lahaa sida, Jimcaale Cali& xasan wehelye rooble,(Xasan Mataan)oo ilaa 1930 1960ki nabadoon u ahaa dadka leysku yiraa reer banaan ee daganaa Ceel dheer, Xaradheere illaa Hobyo iyo dhulka ku xeeran, sidoo kale Culumaa,udiinkii Ccaanka ahaa sida Sheekh Maxamed Xasan Diirshe, Sheekh Ibraahim Suuleey, Sheekh Maxamuud Cali Waceys, Sh. Maxamuud Bare Jaamac, Sh. Maxamed Saalax, Sheekh Xuseen Cali dhoore, sheekh yuusuf cali wadaad,dhanka farshaxanka iyo suugaanta Maalin Cali Gureey,sidoo kale ruug cadaa Maxamed GALAAL,iyo Diirshe Warsame Shirwac (Diirshe Qoone)Faarax diirshe,Macalin C/laahi idiris, dhanka odayaasha, Ugaas Cabdulahi Xaashi, Xuseen Geedi,Xuseen Xaaji Cumar,Shekh Aadan Jimcaale, Xaaji Cali Iley,yoolax, Xaaji Cali Xuseen, Xaaji Cabdi madoobe, Cabdulaahi Koraaye, Ugaas Xaaji Baasgodane, Ugaas Xaaji Cumar Qubeys, Ugaas Xaaji Cismaan Cosoble, Ugaas Saalax Cabdi-Nuur Ugaas Maxamed cali xareed, Cilmi Axmed,Ugaas Weydoow, Yuusuf Dhoore, IWM. Dhanka Siyaasadda,Drs: Zakiya Cabdi-salaan,Dr: Isaaq Xaashi Dr:Jeylaani Cali Kediye, Dr: Maxamed Xasan Aaden (Cabdulaahi Shuulax)iyo halyeygii ruug cadaaga siyaasiga ahaa ee Mudane Maxamuud cabdi Nuur (Juuje) Agaasime gobleedka bariga iyo bartamaha Africa ee Hayada STS international, Mr. Asad Abdullahi isla markaasna ah political analyst arimaha geeska Africa iyo soomaalida. 

 
Oo ka mid ahaa xisbigii SYL isla markaana ka mid ahaa 5-tii wasiir ee dawladii u hareysay somaaliya ee uu Mudane Cabdulaahi ciise soo dhisay 1950-naadkii isla markaana tan iyo 1969 ahaa wasiir isagoo soo qabtay xilal aan ka xusi karo Arimaha Gudaha, Beeraha, Hawlaha guud iyo qaar kaloo badan, Sidoo kale waxaa jira shaqsiyaad Surre ahaa oo Xushmad weyn aan u heyno sida Sheekh Yuusuf Direed, Cabdulaahi Insaaniya Iyo Qaar kaloo badan oo mudan in loogu magac daro goobahaas waxbarasha iyo wadooyinkaas aan kor ku soo xusay. Waxaa kaloo degmada Ka socda dhaqdhaqaaqyo kala duwan oo ku saabsan dhinacyada dib, u heshiisiinta ummada soomaaliyeed waxaana lagu wadaa in dhawaan lagu qabto kulanka nabadeynta iyo wadatashiga beelaha wada daga gobolka MUDUG & GALGADUUD si loo sameeyo nabad waarta iyo maamul wanaag iyo in meel looga soo wada jeesto ciribtirka burcad badeedka oo si gaar ah halis ugu heysa degmada Bacadweyne. Shirkaan oo qaban qaabadiisa ay isla wadaan UNDP/UNSOM/FGS/ iyo maamulka Degmada Bacadweyne.


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The Surre Subclan Qubeys and Suleyman Habargidir Clan Fighting in Central Somalia- Qubeys Subclan Distribution in Somalia

Inter-clan fighting kills 14 in central Somalia
MOGADISHU (Reuters) - More than a dozen people were killed and many more were hurt when two clans clashed in central Somalia, residents and community elders said on Friday. 
The Qubeys clan and the Suleyman sub-clan of the Habargidir clan started fighting the previous day in Amara village, 90 km north of the pirate base town of Haradheeere. The fight was over a dispute over land ownership. 
“So far we know that 14 people died in the hostilities between the clans and more than two dozens were injured,” Mohamud Ali an Amara resident told Reuters by phone. 

Abukar Dirshe an elder from the Qubeys clan said the fighting was sparked by long-standing hostilities over land ownership. 
“We failed to reach accord with our neighbour so this resulted in deaths and still the area is too tense. There might be further clashes as war preparations are underway in nearby villages,” he said. 

 

15 die in Somali rival clan feuds over water


FIGHTING between two Somali clans over access to water wells left at least 15 dead in 24 hours, residents say, as the dispute threatens to escalate further.




FIGHTING between two Somali clans over access to water wells left at least 15 dead in 24 hours, residents said today, as the dispute threatened to escalate further.

"At least 15 people were killed and many others wounded in the fighting, which was motivated by a dispute over the ownership of water wells in Baadweyn village," a local resident, Ahmed Hirsi, said.
Other witnesses also gave a minimum death toll of 15.
The fighting, which started late yesterday in the central Mudug region and continued this morning, pitted the Dir sub-clan of Qubeys against the Habr Gedir sub-clan of Suleiman, who are powerful among the region's pirates.
One local elder said he and his fellow community leaders were attempting to mediate a peaceful resolution but warned that the warring clans threatened to escalate the fighting.
"The elders are trying hard to resolve the crisis but both sides are amassing fighters from neighboring districts," said Awale Yasin.
He put the death toll at 18.
The clashes were apparently unrelated to any recent acts of piracy or kidnappings, nor were they linked to the current nationwide standoff between government troops and Islamist insurgents.
British couple Paul and Rachel Chandler, whose yacht the Lynn Rival was hijacked near the Seychelles on October 23, were being held hostage in separate areas in the Mudug region.
Violent clan feuds over livestock and access to water are common in the Horn of Africa country, where weapons are readily available and often used to resolve land disputes.

Originally published as 15 die in clan feuds over water



Garowe Online berichtet im April 2010, dass mindestens 25 Menschen bei Zusammenstößen in Mudug zwischen den Clans der Dir und Habargidir getötet worden seien:
„At least 25 people, mostly fighters from both sides, are killed while dozens others wounded on Wednesday after inter-clan fighting broke out in a village in central Somali region of Mudug, reports say. The fighting started early Wednesday in Barag-Iise village, 80 km (50 miles) north of Haradheere town, a pirate stronghold where two clans, Dir and Habargidir residing from the same area disputed over animal watering point, leading to heavy confrontation between their heavily armed clan militia.” (Garowe Online, 1. April 2010)
Reuters berichtet im März 2010, dass über ein Dutzend Menschen bei Zusammenstößen zwischen den Clans der Qubeys und der Suleyman (Unterclan der Habargidir) in Zentral-Somalia getötet worden seien:
„More than a dozen people were killed and many more were hurt when two clans clashed in central Somalia, residents and community elders said on Friday. The Qubeys clan and the Suleyman sub-clan of the Habargidir clan started fighting the previous day in Amara village, 90 km north of the pirate base town of Haradheeere. The fight was over a dispute over land ownership.” (Reuters, 5. März 2010)

Introduction to The Powerful Surre Subclan Qubeys
Qubeys   is a member of the Surre (clan). Surre is one of the sons of the greater Mehe Dir Tribe. Qubeys is brother to Abdalle Surre Dir. Surre (Abdalle & Qubeys)
Brief History & Overview
Qubeys , along with Abdalle, are a subclan of the Surre (clan). Surre Mehe is a member of The Royal Dir tribe.
The Word Qubeys is an ancient Somali word which was once common amongst the traditional Somali population. The word itself means cleanliness. With the introduction of Islam and the Arabic language to Somalia over 1000 years ago, Somalis changed the tradition of naming their sons Qubeys to Dahir or Tahir or ? in Arabic which also means cleanliness.
The Qubeys and Abdalleh Surre Dir clans are known to have spread and taught the Islamic religion in southern and central Somalia. With the modern Somali society, it is believed that the Surre, both Qubeys & Abdalle have a large number of Faq?h (Islamic Jurists) and Islamic scholars.
Distribution of Qubeys Clan in the Horn of Africa
It is believed by various historians the Qubeys Surre & Abdalle Surre migrated from the northern part of Somalia currently known as Somaliland approximately 1316 A.D. The Surre Clan migrated to parts of southern and central Somalia as well as parts of Ethiopia and Kenya. However a small fraction of the Qubeys clan remained in Somaliland and reside in Togdheer Somaliland till this day.
Currently the Qubeys Clan reside in the following cities. Some which they inhabit alone and some where they are the majority or a significant population of the city:
•Bacadweyne Mudug
•Ceel-Xagar Puntland
•Significant amount reside in Galkacyo Mudug
•Marajiicley Galgaduud
•Kabxanley Hiiraan
•Baraag Ciise
•Qaycad
•Dhaah - Hiiraan
•Wardheen - Hiiraan
•Buuloburte - Hiraan
•Dheen
•Gawaaney
•Jaqey
•Qobor
•Jamaame
•Labaceel
•jiicdheere
•shabeelow
•Golweyn
•significant amount reside in (merca) lower-shabele
•Significant amount reside in Mogadishu Banadir
•Small cluster reside in Burco Togdheer Somaliland
•Koolo Ethiopia
•Bangale Kenya
Clan tree
•Dir
•Mehe
•Surre ◦Qubeys Tolweeyne Axadoowe Abdalla
cusmaan
Reer Toonle mohamed abti-udug
waqantiile abti-udug
Yabadhaale Midkasse Idiris
Cusman afey
Wayaagle reer baani
References
 Daawo Sawirada Caleemo Saarka Suldaanka Beesha Qubeys iyo Gudomiye ku Xigeenka Barlamaanka Galmudug oo ka Qeyb Galay’

 




Degmada Bacaadweyne ee Koonfurta Gobolka Mudug Waxaa lagu soo Afjaray Caleemo Saarka Suldaanka Cusub ee yeelaneyso Beesha Qubeys ee kamid ah Beelaha Dega Galmudug,Xaflada Ayaa ka Dhacday Bartamaha Magaalada Waxana ka Qeyb Galay Gudomiye ku Xigeenka Barlamaanka Galmudug Xareed Cali iyo Madaxweynihii Hore ee Galmudug Maxamed Axmed Caalin iyo Wasiirka Waxbarasha galmudug Sidoo kale Waxaa Qeeb ka ahaa Wafdi Balaaran oo Xildhibaano ah,Goob Banaanka Magaalada ayaa lagu soo Dhaweeyay iyadoo Soo Dhaweyntooda Wafdiga ay Ka Qeyb Qaateen Arday iyo Shacabka Magaalada,Soo Dhaweyn kadib Waxaa Bilaabatay Xaflada Waxana Halkaasi ka Hadlay Madaxda kala Duwan ee Goobta ku Sugneyd kuwaasi oo Hambalyo u Diray ugaaska Cusub iyagoo ale ugu Baryay in uu Noqdo Mid Shacabka isku Mideeya kuwa Galmudug iyo Kuwa Beesha uu Matalo,


Dhanka kale Masuuliyiinta Gobolka iyo ugaaska Cusub Ayaa Dhankooda Goobta ka Hadlay Waxayna ugu Horeyn u Mahadceliyeen Masuuliyiinta Waqtigooda u Horay iyagoo intaasi kadib Jeediyay Hadalo ku Aadan Soo Jireenka Ugaaska iyo Hanaanka uu soo Maray,
ugaaska oo Dhankiisa Hadlay Waxa uu Balanqaaday in uu Noqondoono Ugaas Guud oo Waxweyn ka Badala Hormarka iyo Wada Jirka Shacabka Galmudug Gaar Ahaan Beesha Qubeys,
Halkan Hoose Sawirada
suldan1 suldan2 suldan3 suldan4 suldan5 suldan6 suldan7 suldan8 suldan9 suldan10 suldan11 suldan12 suldan13 suldan14 suldan15 suldan16 suldan17 suldan18 suldan19 suldan20 suldan21 suldan22 suldan23 suldan24 suldan25


12/01/2011
Mudug Conflict Over Pasturelands Fueled by Weapons From Region
Clan fighting over pasturelands between two rival Somali sub-clans in central Somalia has triggered revenge killings, land disputes and conflicts and claimed the lives of at least 15 people on Wednesday.

 Residents of the region informed Somalia Report that more than 25 others were injured in fighting that began on Wednesday afternoon in the rural areas between Amaara and Ba’adweyne villages in Somalia’s Mudug region.


Most of the injured are the disputing tribesmen, according to the residents. They were admitted to hospitals in the Galkayo and Hobyo Districts.


The area is calm as of Wednesday evening, although the two pastoral communities are arming for future rural clashes, according to Mukhtar Hussein Ahmed, a resident of Galhure village near Amaara.

He said the fighting was between two armed militias from the Saleebaan and Qubeys sub-clans who had been fighting in the rural areas during the last two years. “The latest clashes were provoked by revenge killings, disputes over pasture lands and water in the countryside between Amaara and Ba’adweyne villages in Central Somalia,” Mukhtar said.


He added the fighting started near Amaara village, and spread to the surrounding rural areas. The residents of Galhurre confirmed to Somalia Report that the rural communities living in that area are fleeing their homes due to the heavy fighting, with shells from mortars and firearms endangering their homes.

An elder from the Qubeys sub-clan of Dir has strongly criticized the administration of Himan & Heeb, based in the Adaado District of Galgaduud region, for arming rural communities to instigate the conflicts between the two sub-clans.


“The administration is equipping the pastoral communities with weapons and armored vehicles,” Mohamed Abdi Ahmed, an elder from one of the sub-clans told Somalia Report by telephone. “Elders from the two sub-clans have stepped in to help resolve the repeated conflicts, and negotiations have started to settle the situation,” he added.


Somali rural communities are largely livestock herders, and conflicts and deadly clashes over grazing lands and water are common plights among the Somalia’s many clans.


Somalia Report tried to contact the administration of Himan & Heeb to address the fighting between the two sub-clans in central Somalia, but they were not available for comment.


During this year, the conflict between the two sub-clans of Qubeys and Saleebaan has killed at least 80 people, including women and children.

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