Idaacada VOA oo isu badshay Radio Muqdisho: Jawaab Axmed Faarax Idaajaa iyo

http://www.hoygasuugaanta.com/Idaacada-VOA-oo-isu-badshay-Radio-Muqdisho.pdf




Idaacada VOA oo isu badshay Radio Muqdisho: Jawaab Axmed Faarax Idaajaa iyo
Daaroodeynta xarakadii Daraawiishta
Suldaan Maxamud Cali Shire (Hindi) oo ahaa nimankii Ingiriiska kala saftay
Daraawiishta oo bilad ka gadoomaya Boqorada Ingiriiska Elizbeath II Magaalada
Cadan 1956.
Haday la socodeen akhristayaasha (hadhwanaagnews, oodweynenews iyo Togahere)
Maqaalkan kii ka horeeyay kuna saabsanaa wuxu Jaale Idaajaa ka afuufo idaacada
isubadshay Radio Muqdisho ee VOA hada laga faafiyo taariikhaa neo-Daaroodism oo
si yar oo maldahan daddka lagu beerlaxawsto Wadanimo aan jirin ka dibna si reer-raysan
oo sibiq-sibiq ah , taariikh kaste la hoos galiyo amaan Ina-Carro oo dadyowga ku
abtirsada heybta Jaale Daarood magaca Sayid oo awowgoodna loogu wan-qalin ula
baxeen, hayse yeeshee magacaas Aal-al-Beyt ku shaanbadeeyay duuflaalkii ina Carro
Seed Magan.
Maqaalkii hore wuxu ku saabsanaa sida dadban ee u Jaale Idaajaa reerka Isaaq si
maldahan ugu gaaleeyo kuna tillmaamo daba-dhilif Ingiriis isagoo adeegsanaya eryada
“Tolalkii somaliyeed ee gaalada raacay” , “Ingiriis iyo kuwo watay , “ingiriis Kuwii
la socoday” , “ Gaalo iyo Cawaankood“ “ sayid maxamed oo mar kaste reerkaa
Diintooda muran galin jiray” waa weedhaha ee u ku isticmaalay programkiisii 58naad-
61aad iyo 40kii sanadood ee u danbeeyay isaga iyo Jaale Aw Jaamac Cumar Ciise
ayagoo markaas xalaalaynaya taariikh xumadii Ina Carro Seed Magan ee markaste ku
dheehan gabayadiisa.
Jaalayaashuu se marna dadkana ma xasuusinyaan mana sheegaan wuxu Ina Carro isla
Daarookiisa ku sheegi jiray iyo reeraa kale ee Somali , sabab ujeedadda ayaa ah reeraa
Somali ee kale Isaaq gaar ahaan uga sooca , si la moodo in wax gaar ah Ina Carro Isaaq
ku tilmaami jiray, waana dhaqan u caadaystay ilaa waagii Kacaankii Afweyne inu mar
kaste isaga iyo Aw Jaamac ka reebaan reerka Daaroodka af xumadii ina Carro kula dul
dhici jiray , reerka Isaaqana mar kaste far-waaweyn lagu iftiimiyoo afarlaydu hoga uga
soo tiring jiray, inkastoo aanay badnaynba gabayada ina Carro u tiriyay Isaaqa maadama
Isaaqaba ay Daraawiish iska arkiin jilibada H.Y bari iyo H.J bari halka Daaroodka gebi
ahaanba Daraawiishtu dhex dagtay habeen iyo maalina dhici jireen maatadooda ,Harti iyo
Absame ba. Haduu Isaaqa gaalo ku sheegay , Idaajaa iyo Aw Jaamac waxay ahayd inay
noo sheegaan cida aanu ina Carro gaalayn ? . Gabayada ina Cabdulle Xasan hadii cay
qabiil loo adeegsado waxan qabaa oo muran-l‟aaneed ah in gabayada kuwa ugu xun iyo
cay inta ugu xun u Daaroodkiisa ku shaanbadeeyay oo muranba galiyay ragnimadooda ,
tusaale marku hadal ku soo koobay Daaroodka:
Waa niman sidii dumar haween laga danaystaaye
Maxay ku caan baxeen labada Jaale ee Somali ku baratay
Jaale Idaajaa iyo Aw Jaamac Cumar Ciise oo labadoodaba taariikhda somaliyeed ku soo
biiray magacoodu kacaankii Maxamed Siyad Bare ka dib , kana soo baxay labadudba
xarumihii Daaroodismka 1970gii. Waxay labadaa shakhsiyadood dawladii Afweyne mar
kaste ku halayn jirtay kaalinta Daaroodeynta-Taariikhda Somaliyeed, ilaa ay
gaadhsiiyeen heer waali ah oo Axmed Ibraahim Al-Ghazi iyo Araweelo midna
Mareexaan laga dhigay midna Dhulbahnate Ogaadeena loo hanbeeyay fulaygii Cigaal
Shidaad. Isbahaysgaas Mareexaan , Ogaadeen iyo Dhulbahnate oo isagoo awal baa ahaa
isbahaysi siyaasadeed M.O.D ka dibna mid taariikh gacan ku rimis ahna laysu
gaashaanbuuraystay.
Intii dawladii Jaale Daarood jirtay 1969-1990 waxa “akaadmiyada fanka iyo
suugaanta” The Somali Academia Of Literature and Art , oo hogaankeeda loo kala
qeybiyay Aw Jaamac Cumar Ciise iyo Axmed Faarax Idaajaa , loo adeegsan jiray fidinta
iyo abuurida taariikh somaliyeed oo reeraysan . Madbacada Qaranka buugaagta
Somalia ku saabsan nooc kaste ha noqotee waxa haysan jiray Axmed Faarax Idaajaa
inadeerkii (Ina-Caano-Geel) , buugaagta la daabici jirayna waxay soo mari jireen Idaajaa
sidu afkiisa ka qirtay mar ay dhawaan waraysi ka qaadeen Idaacad somaliyeed oo
reerkisa u badan carrada USA (waraysiga www.youtube.com ).
Waxa alaale iyo wixii madbacada qaranku daabciday manhajayada iskuulka gaar ahaan
taariikhda somaliyeed wixi khuseeya iyo suugaanta , wax aanay Daarood isku mahdin
isbaarada Idaajaa iyo Aw Jaamacna soo marin lama daabici jirin. Taas oo kaliya kuma
eekayn programka Daaroodeynta Taariikhda Somali ee waxa dheeraad ah magaacbida
goobaa loogu magac dhabay “hormoodkii xornimada iyo tacaliinta” kuwaasna waxa laga
daba geeyay meelo lagu magco daray niman reer miyi ahaan jiray oo gabayaada Somali
ama salaadiinta Somali ka mid ah se waxba dheerayn gabayaagii dhegooda ahaa , waxa
ka mid ah , iskuulada Wiilwaal iyo Raage Ugaas.
Markii si kale loo suuro-galin kari waayay waxay ragaas ku mutaysteen ku magaacibda
iskuulo (dadkoo ogsoon inaanay midkoodna wax akhriyi jirin waxna qori jirin) Jaalee
idaajaa wuxu ku jawaabI jiray “Raage Ugaas gabayada somaliyeed wuxu ku soo
kordhiyay Hoyaleeyay Hoyaale” muuji meeshu ka keenay macaluumaatkaas iyo wuxu
daliil uga dhigay.
Wixii wakhtigii dawladii Afweyne la ilaaway in la Daaroodeeyo ooy ugu weyntay qorista
farta Somaliga iyo abwaankii lahaa heesta Calanka, hawashaasna dhawaan ayay qurbaa
ka bilaabeen Aw Jaamac Cumar Ciise iyo Axmed Faarax Idaajaa. Qoraal dheer oo
arintaas ku saabsan ayuu dhawaan labada jaale mid soo bandhigay , waraysi shabakada
www.oodweynews.com dhawaan ka qaaday Aw Jaamac Cumar Ciise oo nin yar oo
warayi ah waraysanayaan aan arinta iyo shakhsiyadu waraysanayba wax ka ogayn wuxu
Aw Jaamac soo tiriyay dhowr nin oo wada beeshiisa ah inay qoreen farta af Somaliga .
Farta af-Somalia waxaba la odhan karaa Europeanki dhulka Somali gumaystay ayaa
qoray , hadaynu tusaale soo qaadano Ltd Kirk buugiisa af Somali ku qoray 1905 ,
waraysigan Ltd Kirk af Somali ku qoray waa waraysi askari Somali ah oo ka
sheekaynaya dagaaladii 1901:
Firdhidin. July 16 1901 Kirk‟s Somali ethnography
'Ollki o dan iyu Bohotle iss ugu yimid. Dabad^dna ilalo iyannu
ka dinei. Kurmis iyei gel badan ku so araktei. Ilalodi ba so
nokhotei, gel badan iyannu aragnei, 'ollki o dan iya gurei, dabadedna
Kurmis iyannu tagnei. Allegheri gel badan laga so ghadei. Shan
iyo t6ban 'asho iyannu fadinei. Dadki hdlahalaha ba no yimid.
Dadki iyu " Colonel "-ki u yimaden. Wuhhu yidahhei, " Edinkannu
idin ra'ena, adigi iya lo 'elin " (will be recovered). Kolkasu yidi,
" Hadeidin ra'esdn adigi iyan idin ku 'elfneya. Reraha o dan so
rera o agteda kena." Kolkasi Allegheri na ra'ei. Kolkasu yidi,
" Wadadki bannu idin la d6nena." Dabad^d iyannu gurrei. B6hotle
iyannu nimid. Ragi buka o askarrtaaha iya B6hotle lagu rebei
(were left behind), dabadddna Bohotle iyannu ka gurrei. Wahhannu
degnei Wudwud, dabaddd ilalo Wudwud iyannu ka dirrei. Wahhai
yidahhen, "Wadadku wa f6gyahai." Kolkasannu ka gurrei, shan
haben iyo shan dararod so so'onei. Dararti dambe iyannu 'ollki
wadadka iss hellei (met). DabadM iyannu dirirrei. Wahhai kaga
dilen shan iyo t6ban askari iyo sirkdlki af-Arabed (i.e. Capt.
Friedrichs). " Dickinson " sahib rasas ba ku da'dei, b6dodi kaga
da'dei. Shan iyo labaton askari iyei rasasti ku da'dei, an dimanin
(without being killed). Kolkas iyannu biyo wehna (could not find)
o so nokhonei. Wahhannu ka so baghanei, askarrti hadanei biyo
haison, wa bakhtiyesa. Shan iyo t6ban 'asho iyannu Berberah u so
dahhnei. Kolkannu halkan nimid, askarrti gel badan la siyei,
hawildarki sadehh halod iya la siyei, ninki jemadarkaaha afar ba la
siyei. Askarrti fasahh, nin ba bil fasahh iyu helei.
" Force "-kan halkas iyu ku damadei.
Firdhidin July 16 1901 Kirk’s English translation
The whole force came together to Bohotle. And afterwards we
sent out illalos, and they found many camels at Kurmis. The
illalos came back and we saw many camels ; the whole force
loaded up, and we went to Kurmis. The Allegheri were looted
of many camels. We stayed fifteen days. The owners of the
animals came to us. The people went to the Colonel and said,
" We will follow you, and the sheep will be brought back."
Then he said, "If you follow I will get you back your sheep,
load up all your karias and bring them close in." Then
Allegheri followed us. Then they said, " We will look for
the Mullah with you. Afterwards we loaded up and came to
Bohotle. The askaris who were sick were left behind at
Bohotle, and then we left Bohotle. We halted at Wudwud and
afterwards sent out illalos from Wudwud They said, " The
Mullah is far off." Then we started and marched for five
nights and five days. On the next day we met the Mullah's
force. Then we fought, 15 askaris were killed, and the
Sirkal who talks Arabic. Dickinson sahib was struck with a
bullet, he was struck in the thigh. Twenty-five askaris were
struck with bullets, but not killed. Then we found no water
and came back. We were afraid, if the askaris have no water
they will die. We spent fifteen days marching to Berbera.
When we came here the askaris were given many camels. Every
havildar was given 3, every jemadar 4, milk camels. The
askaris received a month's leave.
A Grammar Of The Somali language
BY J. W. C. KIRK, B.A.,
KING'S COLLEGE, CAMBRIDGE,
LIEUTENANT, DUKE OF CORNWALL'S LIGHT INFANTRY,
AND 6TH (SOMALILAND) BATTALION, KING'S AFRICAN RIFLES 1905.
Farta af Somalia asalkeedii inay European ku isku dayeen
inay ku qoraan xarfaha Latiin ka ugu yaraan 100 sanadood ka
hor 1974kii waa “undisputed fact”. Waxay somalidu soo
kordhisay waa hagaajin iyo sixid , sixidaasna inu Muuse
Galaal kaalin qeyb libaax ka qaatay waa hubaal lana barbar
dhigin Karin qolyahan Daaroodismku dabada ka soo riixayo oo
waxaba inagu filan markhaatiyaashii Europe sida:
Prof B.W. Anderzejewski “ Muuse Xaaji Ismaaciil Galaal: a founding
father of written Somali” Horn Of Africa ,No.2, Vol 4.
And
Lee Nichols. Conversation with African writers , VOA Washington, D.C,
1981.
Kolay arintan u suurto gali mayso Aw Jaamac Cumar Ciise iyo
Jaale Axmed Idaajaa , se waa hubaal inay dhowr jeer isa soo
maqiiqi doonaan oo indho sarcaad xaqiiqada isku tijaabin
doonaan inay jiidhaan, waxa se kuwaas ka daran qolyaha
beenta ka maala oo ayagu dhag la qabto lahayn oo la wada
moodo umad warshad lagu abuuray oo mid kaste ka buuxdo intu
ka maqlay labada Dajaal.
Jaale Idaajaa maaha nin is qariya oo anshax xumada
Daaroodismku waa nin dacayda mar kaste ka saarantay , waxase
ka daran abriska duqa iska dhiga ee Aw Jaamac Cumar Ciise oo
isagu yahay ninka udubka u aslay propaganda Daarood 30kii
sanadood ee u danbeeyay suntana si maldahan u tufa, af
soomaaligu adeegsadana ka wada daba qaateen ,inkastoo
jilibka Aw Jaamac ee Hayaag iyo nimanka Tuur-yar la
yidhaahdo oo 50kii sanadood ee u danbeeyay lagu talaalay
abtirisga Dhulbahnate oo midna sal ku lahayn kolay Aw Jaamac
maanta baasaboorkii Daaroodism iyo dheeraad ba shaqaysay.
Sanadkii 2005 ayaa shir lagu qabtay USA oo lagaga hadlayay
arinta Heyb-sooca waxa la casuumay Idaajaa iyo Sin-gub,
idaajaa ayaa hadalkiisii wuxu ku bilaabay “ Waqooyiga dadka
Madhibaanka ah xaafadahay dagaan waxa loo bixiyay Hargaysa
Daami, Burcana waxa loo bixiyay Urayso” Isagoo sidiisii
Isaaqa si gaar ah u abaaraya, nin madasha fidhiyay
Oo jufada Idaajaana si fiican u yaqaan siday ula dhaqamaan gabooyaa ayaa wuxu safka
danbe isagoo fadhiya yidhi “ Idaajaayow maxaad uga reebtay Habar Yacquub “.
Habar Yacquub waa jilib ahaan jiray Madhibaan sida jilibka Tuur-yar ee Dhulbahnate
qarameeyay 1970 ayay Mareexaankuna u qarameeyeen oo ku dareen abtirsigooda
Daarood.
Waxa taas ka daran mar Jaale Idaajaa isagoo sidii caadadu ahayd reerka Isaaq ugu
dhuumnaya taariikhii hore sida barnaamij laga diyaariyay Balaayo-Cas ayaa isagoon
wax badanba ka taaban taariikhdii Balaay-Cas ayaa wuxu isla goobtii Radio Muqdisho ka
soo daayay wuxu ku tilmaamay gabay amaan ah oo “nin reer Hargaysa ah tiriyay”
(waa sidu hadalada u dhigo marku umada qabiilkoda sheegayo)” uDuke Ingiriis ah oo
1956kii Hargaysa yimi , baraanburkii Idaajaa abuuray waxa ka mid ahaa eryada :
Sidii habar dhali weyday
Oo eebo ka dhaxal reebay
Ingiriis Dhallaanow
Halkeenu kaa dhunkanaa.
Markii beentii fakatay ayaa la waydiiyay Jaale Idaajaa inu bal sheego ninkaas
barnaaburka xun magaciisa ilay dadku ways wada yaqaane, Idaajaa oo og xaqiiqada iyo
asalka baraanburkan cidii samaysay wuu ka gaabsaday oo hadal wuxu ku soo gooyay
“wuxu ahaa uun nin reer Hargaysa ah”.
Hal qoraal laguma soo koobi karo taariikhii Somaliyeed eey ka siniaysteen labada Jaale
waa Idaajaa iyo Aw Jaamac ee dawladii Maxamed Siyaad Bare u sahashay maadama
Akaadmiyadaa taariikhda ilaa Radio Muqdisho ilaa buugaagta taariikhda somaliyeed
mariinka la soo mariyo u sareeyeen labadaas shakhsi, buug aanay ayaga tolkood lagu
qurxnayn reeraa kale na lagu xagxaganayn lama soo dayn jirin. Bugaagta xarumaha
Daaroodismka ka soo baxay 1974kii wuxu ka danbeeyay , dhamaanba iskuuladii
Jamhuuriyada Somaliyeed wixii suugaan lagu dhigi jiray waxa ku dheehnaa weedhaha
iyo farta labadaas Jaale, meelaha qaarkoodna waxa ka muuqata waxyaabo caruurtu ku
qososho, tusaale,
Gabayaagii Faarax Nuur oo geedku faraskiisii Asraar kaga hoos gabyi jiray ilaa 1980gii
ku yaalay Hargaysa ayaa hadana xarumihii Daaroodismka bugaagtay qoreen ee fasalada
sugaanta secondryga lagu dhigi jiray waxa ku taalay “Faarax Nuur oo ahaa nin reer
Burco ah dhashayna 1856” faarax Nuur nin reer Burco ahna ma ahayn , 1856kiina
ma dhallan . Xuseen Xasan rooble Guuleed (1848-1899) oo ka mid ahaa hal-aburadii
maansada soomaaliyeedba u bixiyay eriga “Suugaan” waxay kaga soo dareen “nin bari
Berbera lagu xidhay” ka dibna afar lay caruurta looga dhigi jiray, halka xataa Daaroodkii
baraanburi jiray bog kaste laba kaga jireen. Aw Jaamac Cumar Ciise diiwaankiisa Ina
Cabdulle Xasan gabay kaste oo af xumo ahaa wuu ku soo diray , sida gabayga u ku
caayayo Isaaqa iyo Cali Jaamac Haabiil oo wax yaabo qosol ah oon qof weyni ku gabyin
ku soo daray sida :
Waa nimanka hooyadood odhan habartu wey dhuustay
Garan maayo anigu nin hooyadii waxaas u sheega , malaa ina Cabdulle Xasan islaanta
dhashay wuu u sheegi jiray. Isagoo waxaas oo kale ku soo daray diiwaanka maansada ina
Cabdulle Xasan hadana Aw Jaamac marna jawaabii Cali Jaamac Haabiil inkastoon
Isaaqu gabayada ku cayatmin hadana kuma soo darin jawaabii Cali marku ka yaabay
ninku halku ka eegay :
Huluq dheeridayda iyo siduu ku arkay hoostayda
Ma haweenadii ii dhaxaa haatan lala yaabye
Jaamacada Indiana University ayaa laga wada helayaa ayagoo Online ah bugaagtii
Fasalada Suugaanta Kacaankii Daaroodism ardayda somaliyeed bari jiray 15kii sanadood
ee Af-somaligu qornaa (1974-1990). Buugaagtaas dhamaantood waxa ka buux si xad
dhaaf ah shakhsiyaad Daarood ah Wiil-waal, Ina Carro, wiilkii Ismaaciil Mire iyo Raage
Ugaas.
Maqaalkan 2aad hadaan duluucdiisa u daadago wuxu ku saabsanyay program 61naad ee
Jaale Idaajaa ee idaacada VOA , barnaamijkan 61naad iyo kii 58naad waxa u dhaxeeyay
ilaa 3 program oo Idaajaa reerkiisa kaga sheekaynayo waxan dhagahayga soo jiitay sidu
Jaale Idaajaa isagoo gabayadii dhibane-Cali Dhuux u tiriyay Ina Carro iyo Daraawiish,
Jaale Idaajaa mar kaste gabayada Cali Dhuux ka dhigaya wax kaftan reereed ah oo iska
ah “ all within the family” isla programka Cali Dhuux Jaale Idaajaa hordhaca wuxu ku
sheegay inay Daraawiishtu reerkii Cali Dhuux ka dhigeen wax ay ku dilaan “wuu
xujoobay” iyo wax ay “dabada-u-xaydaan oo jeedal kala daalaan” waa sidu isago
afkiisa ka sheegay, isagoo intaas yidhi ayuu misne odhanayaa Cali Dhuux sumacada ayuu
ka dilayay Ina Carro ee waxaasi waxba kamay jirin, waxa is weydiin le 20kii gabayaa ee
waagaas noolaa oo dhan miyay ka wada been abuurayeen Ina Carro oo ina Carro tiisa
ayuun baa qumanayd.
Dheeldheelka Idaajaa iyo Aw Jaamac u tiriyaan gabayada ku lidka ah Daraawiishta
markay yihiin gabayo nin Daarood waxa waajib ah in la barbardhigo siday afka ugu
xunbeeyaan markay tirinayaan gabayadu Cali Jaamac Haabiil , Salaan , Saalax Maxamed
iyo Dirir Warsame u tiriyeen Daraawiishta, tusaale Aw Jaamac oo kale wuxu yidhaahdaa
Cali Jaamac Haabiil Ingiriiska ayaa mushahaar siin jiray oo u shaqayn jiray , Aw Jaamac
waxa haboon in la weydiiyo gabayaday Daaroodku ku caayi jireen Daraawiishta ma
bilaash bay ugu shaqayn jireen Ingiiriska mise tabaruc ayay kuwa Daarood ahaayeen
Barnaamijkii ugu danbeeyay 61naad wuxu Idaajaa soo qaatay dhacdadii la magac baxday
Dhulmadoobe ama Rugga , waxay ahaa dhac iyo boob 1913kii dooxtadaii Daraawiishta u
gaysteen reer miyi ka dhawaa xaramahooda. Dadka aan taariikhda Daraawiishta si waafi
ah u hayn waxa waajib ah inay ogaadeen in 1905kii wixii ka danbeeyay aanay jirin Gaalo
ku sheeg lala dagaalamo ee Daraawiish iyo Talyaani iyo Ingiriis heshiisyeen ,
Daraawiishna heshiis Muxamiyadeed la saxeexdeen Talyaaniga oo la dajiyay
Majeerteenia Garoowe ilaa xeebta Gar-cad iyo Eyl. Si ujeedada qoraalka iyo airnta
laysku hayo loo fahmo waa lagama maarmaan in xoogaa ku saabsan dagaaladii bilowga
ahaa ee dadka lagu qaldo in si fiican loo fahmo si looga sooco 14kii sanadood ee ka
danbeeyay 1905kii oo hal goob isticmaar iyo Daraawiish isku arkin. Waxan isku
tijaabinayaa labadaas nin taariikhahay kufsadeen sedex arimood oo had iyo jeer ku
Mahdiyiaan reerkooda reerka Isaaqana ku qaloociyaan inaan siday ahaayeen u sheego
anigoo weliba adeegsanaya wuxu isticmaarku ka qoray labada reer ba.
Asaaskii Daraawiishta iyo Hogaankeedii sare 1895-1905 PartII.
Mudadadii dagaaladu socodeen 1900-1904kii waxa taariikhda Daraawiishta loo
adeegsadaaba waa qabaailka Daraawiish galay iyo kuwa diiday, arintaas oo Aw Jaamac
Cumar Ciise badanaa reerkiisa ku mahadiyo , kan Idaajaa isago waa iska doc-ka-yeedh
oo Mareexaanku ka dhashay wax Daraawiish kaga jiray oo magic le ma jiraan ee
Daaroodnimo ayuu baa shidaysa. Hadaba ma Aw Jaamac 12ka Dhulbahnate buugisa ka
qoray baa run sheegaya marku leeway “Dhulbahnate ayuun baa Daraawiish ahaa” mise
Ingiriiskii goob joog ahaa ee dawlada ahaa!! Ingiriis qabaailka Daraawiish ka
dagaalamayay 4tii sanadood ee dagaalku socoday sidatan ayuu u dhigay:
The Habr Awal and Habr Garhajis except the Musa ismail, always rejected his
advances , while the Habr Toljaala, always a trubulent tribe, and the Dolbahanta were
his only active supporters in British territory. Of the former the Adan Madoba were not
only responsible for supplying him with arms , but also assisted him on all his raids.
The reer Yuusuf and ahmed Farah, like the Musa Is, were with the Mullah in 1900.
The Dolbahanta, all except the south-eastern portion, made submission to the British
force in 1901.
Since the conclusion of the operation in 1904, a number of Ali Gheri and Kayat
refugees from the Mullah have sought our protection , and have been provided with
live-stock and arms and located in posts on the frontier , the Ali Gheri at bohotle and
the Kayat at Eil Dab.
In Abyssinian Somaliland the Mukabil Ogaden originally supported the mullah ,
especially the Ibrahim subtribe which made submission to the British force at Bohotle
and Kurmis in 1901. The Miyirwalal or western Ogaden embittered against the
Abyssinians owing to frequent raids, accepted the Mullah in 1900, but apparently did
not actively supported him.
The Adonis in the south are numerous, but are said to be unwarlike. They have
however , on more than one occasion fought in the Dervish ranks and are well
disposed towards the mullah.
In Italian Somaliland, during Swayne's operations, the Mijjarten, except Yusuf Ali's
following , supported the Mullah and many Mijjarten fell in his ranks at Samala and
Firdhidin, but in 1903-1904 they were at least professedly opposed to him. The Hawiye
and Marehan, who are under Yusuf Ali, suffered heavily from the Mullah's raids and
were forced to join him. Thesse last are not warlike, though comparativly numerous.
Qabaabilka Daraawiishta ciidanka u ahaa 1900-1904 waa sidatan sidu Ingiriisku u
sheegay:
1- Habar Jeclada waxa kaga biiray , Axmed Faarax , reer Yuusuf iyo Adan Madoobe
oo u badnaa, hogaaminayay Xaaji Suudi.
2- Habar Yoonista waxa kaga biiray H.Y bari oo Muuse Ismailia u badanaa
hogaaminayayna Suldaan Nuur.
3- Dhulbahnataa waxa kaga biiray Cali Geri iyo markii hore Mahamoud Garaad ka
dib dagaaladii ugu horeeyay Maxamud Garaad wuxu ka soo jeeday dhanka Ingiriiska
gaar ahaan dagaalkii Firdhidin.
4- Majeerteenka waxa kaga biiray wax aan ahayn qolada saldanada haysata ee
Cismaan Maxamuud , inta kale way ka qeyb qaataan dagaaladii hor dhaca ahaa gaar
ahaan Firdhidin.
5- qabiilka Jareer weynta ah (Adonis) , iyo Hawiye iyo Mareexaan.
6- Ogaadeenka waxa kaga biiray Ba-Xawaadle ( Gunde-Gooye ka hor ) iyo Abraahim
oo Makaahiil ah.
Qabaailkaas midba mar ayuu dagaalada ka qeyb qaatay marna ka baxeen marna ku
soo laabteen , qabiil si joogta ah ugu jiray Daraawiish ma jirin , nimanka la
buunbuuniyo ee Cali Geri wiixi aan ahayn 4ta abtiyaashii ee ilma Seed Magan
mooyaane Cali Geri qabiil ahaan wixii ka danbeeyay dagaalkii ugu horeeyay kumay
jirin oo way ka baxeen , ayagoo qaxoontiya oo la qaxiyay ayay Ingiriiska u galeen ka
dibna hub ayaa loo qeybiyay ay dhulkooda kaga ilaaliyaan Daraawiishta , wixii ka
danbeeyay 1904 Cali Geri shaqo kuma lahayn Daraawiishta , shakhsiyaad se waa kaga
jireen oo Aw Jaamac Cumar ciise magacyadoodii diiwaan galiyay sidu u buunbuuniyo
oo ka dhigo in qabiilka oo dhan ay meesha ku jireen , Cali Geri haduu Daraawiish
wada galay , Darawiish Majeerteenia ayay u wada guarantee ma Cali Geri oo dhan
baa ka daba guuray oo dagay xeebta Ilig iyo Eyl.?
“Since the conclusion of the operation in 1904, a number of Ali Gheri and Kayat
refugees from the Mullah have sought our protection , and have been provided with
live-stock and arms and located in posts on the frontier , the Ali Gheri at bohotle and
the Kayat at Eil Dab.”
Wuxu malmaluuqay Aw Jaamac Cumar Ciise waagii Kacaankii Afweyne hadii la
barbardhigo qoraalada Ingiriisku ka qoray qabiiladii Daraawiish u dagaalamayay iyo
shakhsiyaadkii hogaaminayay wuxu ogaanayaa heerku Aw Jaamac Cumar Ciise reerkisa
Dhulbahnate Daraawiishtaba ugu talaalay ilaa ilaalo yar oo dhiboo ah ayaa lagaaga
dhigayaa nin faraa lagaga gubtay. Aw Jaamac waxa dhulbahnate ah ee buugiisa ka buuxa
midna dawladii Ingiriisku uma aqoonsanayn inu wax ka ahaa Daraawiishta , meeshu
magacyadan ka keenay waa in isaga loo raaco iyo 12kii Qurjiile ee u waxan ka soo
ururiyay.
Waxa waajib ah in qoraalkan aan ku eekaado waxa cadayn loo hayo , meel kaste oon
xaqiiqo iska indho tireen labada Jaale aan ku sheegayo waxan daba dhigayaa daliil si
shakhsiga wax dheeraad ah u baahan isagu baadho buugaagtaas ka dibna isagu
go‟aankiisa shakhsi gaadho oo aniga iyo labada Jaale ba daliiladaas isagoo cuskanaya ka
runta sheegaya isago tilmaanto.
In Major Hunter's personal opinion the attack on the Berbera live stock by Sultan Nur
was instigated by Duali Idris
Ducaale Idriis waxa igu maqal ah inu Wasiir Xuseen Cali Ducaale yidhaahdo waa
awowgay se ma hubo.
Dariiqooyinkii dalka ka jiray Qaadiriya, Axmediya iyo Saalxiyada.
Dadka somalidu wixii ka horeeyay 1980gii oo salafiyadu soo gashay iyo maanta oo ay
Wahaabiyadu qabsatayba Somalia ka hor somalidu waxay ahaan jireen umad Suufiyada
ka mid ah , Somali kaliya maahee Yemen ilaa Harar iyo bariga Afrikaba Suufiyada ayaa
kaga badnayd fikradaa kale ee Islaamka. Dariiqooyinkaas waxa ugu d‟a weynaa
Dariiqada Qaadiriyada oo dada Somalida ah soo gaadhay qarnigii 14naad wakhtigii
Axmed Guray , waxa la sheegay in dariiqada Qaadiriyada oo loogu magac daray (Sheekh
Cabdiqaadir Al-Jaylaani oo Iraan ku aasan kana mid ah All-al-Beyt) in dhulka Yemen
Somalia uka keeneen niman reer Ba-Calawi ah.
Dariqada Axmediya oo loogu magac daray asaasiheedii Sayid Axmed Al-Faasi oo ah nin
Maghribiya waxa qoran inu Somaliland ergo u soo diray 1870 Dariiqadiisa ka dhex
bilowda Somalia , dariiqadaas saldhigeedu wuxu ahaa Makka , Axmed Al-Faasina wuxu
ahaa Sanuusi, khanate ku dagaalama magaca Al-Sanuusiya waxa ugu danbeeyay Cumar
al-Mukhtaar
.
The Somalis are Sunni Mohammedans and originally belonged, as do many of them
still, to the Kadariyeh sect. About 1870, however, an Arab Sheikh, Seyyid Ahmed by
name, sent a representative to Somaliland, who established a tarika and gained many
disciples. The Ahmedieh, as this sect came to be known, soon became stronger than the
Kadariyeh; and a hostile feeling arose as between the two schools of thought. In 1887,
however, the teaching of a certain Arab Sheikh, Mohammed Salih, penetrated from
Mecca to the Somali coast and found many converts among the Ogaden and
Dolbahanta. This movement split the Ahmedieh into two branches—the Anderawieh,
who remained faithful to Seyyid Ahmed, and the Salihieh, which is the name given to
the sect founded by Mohammed Salih. Although the Anderawieh and Salihieh do not
meet together to perform zikr, or religious ceremonies, they are on good terms and are
both alike hostile to the Kadariyeh. With an Ogaden father and a Dolbahanta mother,
Mohammed naturally became a disciple of Mohammed Salih, and sat at his feet during
his pilgrimages to Mecca. The Salihieh are insignificant enough either at Mecca or in
the Mohammedan world generally outside Somaliland ; but, at the same time, they are
extremely fanatical, and their tenets are of a harsh and uncompromising order
compared with the more complaisant Kadariyeh, or Anderawieh.
Dariiqada 3xaad ee Saalxiya waa isla Axmediyada oo markii Axmed Al-Faasi dhintay
sheekh Maxamed Saalax Al-Rashiidi oo isba ahaa Axmediya ayaa qoladii Somalida
ahayd awal Axmediyada, ayaa wadaadkan cusub hogaan ka dhigtay karaamooyina ugu
abtiriyay Axmediyadii asal ahaan dalka ka jirtay fadhigoodu ahaa Magaalada Sheekhna
ka falaagoobay. Saalxiyadu meel aan ahayn Somaliland kama jirin aduunka qolyaha
dariiqadaas sheegtana waxay marna sheegan jireen Axmediya marna Saalxiya ( somalidu
balanced waxay isku qaldaan Axmediyada Pakistan iyo Axmediyada dalka Somalii ka
jirtay). Dariiqada Axmediya/Saalxiya ayadoo dalka ka jirta xarakada Al-Sanuusiya iyo
Al-Mahdiyaba somalidu dagaaladooda la socdeen ayay dhalatay xarakadan al-Daraawiish
ee Somaliland “ nothing came out of a vacum“ Sanuusiyinta iyo Mahdiyiinta Sudan ba
labaduba Somaliland waxay ku lahaayeen taageerayaal sidu qoray “waaligii“ ugu
horeeyay ee Muxamiyadu yeelato Mr Walsh:
Taariikhdii ay faafiyaan qolyahii “kacaanku u barakaysnaa” taabcasanaa, waxay
sheekada Daraawiishta kaga bilaabi jireen Ina Cabdulle Xasan baa Berbera ka soo dagay
(1895kii) oo “cashuur” la waydiiyay oo diiday, mudo ka dibna arkay ciyaal “john” iyo “
david” yidhi waa nala yidhaahdaa, oo sheekada Daraawiishtu ahayd wax hal nin oo
kaliya abuuray, ka dibna Dhulbahnate reerka la yidhaahdo u tagay oo dagaal hubaysan
lala galay Isticmaarkii , se waxaasi waa iska sheeko xariireed lagu buunbuuninayo
Duuflaalka.
Eriga “Darwiish” waa eri asal ahaan ka soo jeeda “falsafada” Suufiyada, waa “nin
dunida ka saahiday oo Ilaahay u go’ay” , Darwashada ( dhaqanka darwiishnimada)
Imaam Axmed Ibnu Taymiya waxay ka mid ahayd wuxu ku naqdin jiray Suufiyada,
Daraawiishtu aduunka meel kaste hal arin bay ka midaysanyiin laga bilaabo Turky
nimanka is wareejiya (the whirling Devrish) ilaa kuwa Sudan gidigood waa wada
Suufiyiin. Erigo qariib kuma aha aduunyada Islaamka laakiin waxa ku ugub ah Suufiyiin
dagaal gasha oo dagaalanta , Suufiyintu siyaasada faraa lama galaan oo Diinta ayay u
go‟een.
Dhulka Somaliyeed ama Somaliland “Ber-al-Somal” oo ah magacan hadaba la
yidhaahdo dagaanka Waqooyi, waa eri ka horeeyay Isticmaarkii Ingiriiska , 1840gii
marku Ingiriisku soo dagay Cadan ayuu magacii Carabiga ahaa ee “ber-al-somal” u
tarjumay afkiisa oo ku noqonaya “the land of the Somal” kuna soo gabaiyeen
Somaliland. Somaliland ama Ber-Al-Somal eriga Daraawiish iyo dariiqada
Axmediyada/Saalxiya iyo dariiqada Darandaawiya labadaas dariiqadoodba dhulka
Somali way ku cusbaayeen oo waxay yimaadeen dibqaayadii qarnigii 19naad.
Laga bilaabo qarnigii 14naad ( 1300‟s) arrayed somaliyed aduunyada Islaamka ayay u
wax barasho tagi jireen ka dibna waxay ku soo laaban jireen dagaankay u dhasheen oo
halkaas malcaamad ka furan jireen ku salaysan Madahab/dariiqada ay raaceen , dadkana
madhabkaas ama dariiqadaas ku soo xarayn jireen. Ardaydaas somaliyeed intii ka
diiwaan ashamed Azhar university “Riwaaq Al-Zaylac “ waxa bugaag qoray oo ka caan
ah aduunyada Islaamka :
1- Cuthmaan Bin Ali Al-Zaylici (d. 1342) Fakhardiin al-Zaylici qorayna buuga “kitaab
Al-Baxar Al-Raa‟q : Sharx kanz al-Daqaa‟iq”
2- Jamaaladiin Abdulllah Ibn Yuusuf )al-Xaafid Al-Zaylici( d . 1380)
Waxa ugu caansan nimankaas Cabdiraxmaan Al-Jabarti oo awowgii 4aad Zaylac ka yimi
kuna soo biiray ardaydii Jamaacada Azhar, Cabdiraxmaan al-Jabarti Al-Zaylici wuxu
qoray “Taariikh Misr Fi Cahd Al-Mamaaliiks” 1780. Siday u badantay dariiqyooinkan
Axmediya/Saalxiya waxa dalka keenay uun culimadaas somaliyeed ee dibadaa u
hoorayed ka dibna ku soo laabanayay allodia hooyo, waana dhaqan soo jireen ahaa , ka
dibna reeraa dhex dawaafi jiray ayagoo siyaaro doon ah. Waxa la hubaa oo magaciisa la
hayaa Dariiqada Andaraawiya oo ah farac ka mid ah Axmediyada ninkii ugu horeeyay
ee keenay Somaliland, masaajidna uga dhisay Magaalada Sheekh 1870gii , iyo Dariiqada
AlAweesiya oo sheekh Awees al Baraawi bilaabay ahaana ardaygii sheekh
Cabdiraxmaan Al-zaylici oo asal ahaan ka soo jeeda reeraa Jareerweyn , waxa kaloo la
hubaa inay Dariiqada Saalaxiyad oo ayaduna ahayd farac kale oo isla Axmediyada ka
mid ahayd inay ka horaysay Ina Cabdulle Xasan, waxa kaloo la hubaa dhulka somaliyeed
wakhtiigi Ingiriiska iyo ka hor ba inay wadaado Sudaan iyo Waqooyi Afrika ka yimi inay
soo dhex
Markaas arinku waa ka gun-dheeryay wadaad reer Buhoodle ah oo cashuur diiday , si
kasteba ha ahaatee Daraawiishta somaliyeed waxa lagaga dhawaaqay markii ugu
horaysay burco 1898kii oo reeraa jiidaas iska soo gaadha Habar Yoonis/Habar Jeclo iyo
Dhulbahnate ku wada biireen Daraawiishta shirweyne Burco ka dhacay sanadkaaas.
Waxa kaliya ee laga garan karaa daraawiishta cidii ku dhawaaqaday ama asaastay
nimankii wakhtigaas Ingiriisku ku tuhunsanaa hogaanka Daraawiishta oo u wada
daliishaday Hayes-Sadler waana 5ta nin ee wakhtigaas u sareeyay Daraawiishta 1898-
1905, shantaas nin waxa dheeraad ahaa Cabdulaahi Shixiri oo dibada u joogay.
In the unlikely event of the Mullah offering to surrender , in his case and that of the
following: Ahmed Warsame (known as Haji Sudi) Deria Araale , Deria Gure Only an
unconditional surrender should be accepted , no gurantee of any kind as to future
treatment being given. Sultan Nuur the late sultan of the Habar Yunis, may be
guaraunteed his life" J. Hayes-Sadler, His Britannic Majesty's Consul-General,
Somali Coast Protectorate. Aden April 30th, 1901
Sedexdii sanadood ee ugu horeeyay 1901-1904 ayuun bay Daraawiish iyo Ingiriis
dagaalameen, dagaalkii u horeeyay ee Ingiriis iyo Daraawiish dhex mara wuxu ahaa
dagaalkii Jun 2nd july 16 1901 dagaaladaas oo ahaa laba goobood , Sacmala June 2nd
iyo Firdhidin July 16. Ka hor dagaaladaas ugu ayuu Hays Saddler Her Majesty's
Consul-General, Somali Coast Protecorate oo ahaa sarkaallka Cadan ka maamulayay
xeebaa Somaliyeed (Zaylac-Laasqori) ee Ingiriisku heshiis kula galay qabaailka
somaliyeed amar uga soo dirayaa ninka hogaaminayay ciidamada Ingiriis oo la odhan
Swayn somalidu u taqaanay Swayn Cawar. Hays Saddler wuxu soo faray ciidankiisa
habkay ula dhaqmi lahaayeen hogaanka Daraawiishta isagoo ku adkaynaya Sawayn
Cawar in 4ta hore waa Ina Cabdulle Xasan 1865-1921 (Ina Carro) , Axmed Warsame
(Xaaji Suudi) 1856-1920 Diiriye Caraale (wax taariikh ah oo ninkaas loo raaco aan
ahayn magaciisa iyo jilibkiisa oo Ingiriisku ku sheegay Adan-Madoobe mooyaane
weli maan helin wax tafaasiil dheeraad ah ) Iyo Diiriye Guure 4taas nin xataa
noloshooda inaan loogu balan qaadin in la damiinto hadii la qabto, Suldaan Nuur
Axmed Amaan 1837-1906 oo ah suldaanka H.Y kaliya noloshiisa (inaan la daldalayn)
hadii la qabto haloo damiinto bas.
5taas nin ee Hogaanka Daraawiishta wakhtiyadii dagaaladu socodeen u sareeyay
xarakada daraawiishta hal nin oo ahaa Ina Cabdulle Xasan ayuun baa reerka Jaale Aw
Jaamac iyo Jaale Idaajaa ka ahaa, 4ta kale , labada Diiriye, Xaaji Suudi ( kana soo
shaqeeyay Suudaan wakhtii Maxamed al-Mahdi lala dagaalamayay, waa ninku Ingiriisku
sheegay inu magaca “daraawiish” iyo duubka iyo astaamii sudaanta ku soo kordhiyay
xarakada , 20 sanadoodna hayay hogaanka Abaanduulmimada Daraawiish 1920 lagu
dilayna dagaalkii ka dhacay qalacada Taleex ilinkeeda isaga iyo Darwiish Ibraahim
Buqul):
Maxamed Cabdulle Xasan Nuur hogamiyaa Daraawiishta 1896-1921
Taariikhda ina Cabdulle Xasan ka sokow meeshu ku dhashay oo ah dagaankan maanta
Buhoodle barbaarintiisi hore waxba kama duwanayn jiilkii lodkisa ahaa , Wadaadku
wuxu dhashay 1860‟s badhtamaihiisii ama se dhamaadkiisii, noloshiisii caruurnimo wuxu
Qoraaladii Kacaanku ku xardhay taariikhda Wadaadka Waalan, waxa laga bilaabaa
aabihii Cabdulle Xasan Nuur oo Dhulbahantaa soo dhex dagay, ma cada arintaas inu
aabihii oo Ba-Geri ah inu daganaa jiida Kiridh ee Buhoodle. Waxay odayaasha Ba-Geri
1960 iyo 1970 laga soo gaadhay in islaanta dhashay ina Cabdulle Xasan safar u raacday
dhankaas iyo Ba-Geri. Ka dibna wiilkan isagoo dhowr jir ah ula timi reerka Faaraax
Garaad.Ma cada intay wada qoys ahaayeen Carro Seed Magan iyo Cabdulle Xasan Nuur.
Waxa dagaanka Taleex ku yaal laba daarood oo gaagaaban oo Aw Jaamac yidhaahdo
waxa ku aasan Carro iyo Cabdulle Xasan , se arintaas waxba kama jiraan, odayaasha Ba-
Geri ee taariikhda Ina Cabdulle Xasan ku xil dheer ka hor intaanu kacaanku afduubin
waxa laga hayaa inaanu Cabdulle Xasan sooba gaadhin xarakadii Daraawiishta.
Waa hagaage, sidee bay markaas xabaasha/qudbiga Cabdulle Xasan ugu yaalaa maanta
degmada Taleex, Taleex waxa la dhisay 1913kii , meelna taariikhda Daraawiishta ku
maqli maysid Cabdulle Xasan oo nolol ahaan ku soo gaadhay bilowgii Daraawiishta.
Waxa hubaal ah inaanu Cabdulle Xasan dagaanka Dhulbahnate iman oo Carro Seed isku
qabeen dagaanka Ba-Geri, oo ayadoo Heeran ah sidaas ugu gashay wadaadka Cabdulle
Xasan, ka dibna sidaas lagu kala tagay, oo ayadu ku soo laabtay dagaankeeda.
Carro Seed Magan sida taariikhda la qariyo lagu hayo waagii Daraawiishta waxay u
dhaxday nin Muuse Ismailia (reer Xaamud) ah oo la odhan jiray “Dhalo-Mudhe” wuxu
canastas kula baxay wuxu ahaa nin aad u laxaad dheer, waxa sheekooyin lagu hayaa
inaanay Mudhe iyo ina Cabdulle Xasan isku fiicnayn oo markii Taleex laga guurayay loo
guurayay dagaanka Muuse Ismaaciil ee Jiidali iyo Midhisho in faras la jiidsiiyay ninka
Mudhe oo boqonta ka jabay , Caro Seed Magan iyo isagoo dhaawac ahna ku hadheen
Taleex. Qabaailkii ay is hayeen Daraawiishta waxay odayaashoodu odhan jireen Carro
Seed Magan ayadoo gabowday oo d‟ ah bay “ Sabeenowday” ka dibna Dhalmo-Mudhe
sidaas ugu dhaxday. Ninka Dhalmo-Mudho waxa lagu xaman jiray nin laayaan ah ,
“dhilonimada mooyee, walee Dhalmo-Mudhe rag buu dhalay” waa hadaladii lagu hal
qabsan jiray marka la soo hadal qaado magaciisa, waxana loogu abtiriyaa ina Cabdulle
Xasan weedhaas.
Jaale Aw Cumar Ciise khuraafaadkisa waxa ka mid ah Wadaadku marku Berbera yimi
Cashuur inu bixiyo ayuu diiday , waase iska khuraafdkii iyo buunbuunintiisa , waxa ka
mid ah karaamadaa u Aw Jaamac ku someday Wadaadka inu magaca ka shaabho Nabi
Maxamed , Isniina dhashay iyo bahaabaahaa noocaas ah.
Wadaadku marku Berbera yimi 1892gii wuxu dhibaata ah ma gaysan se waalida waxa
loogu bixiyay waxaaybu odhan jiray waa xaaraan, ay ka mid tahay “shaaha” , iyo
“badhida” oo Somalida reer miyigu cabi jireen. Wax camal ah ma lahayn marku Berbera
joogay oo wuxu ku noola “dawarsi” ama sadaqaday wadaada somalidu siin jirtay “alms“.
Dariiqada Saalxiyada oo farac ka mid ah Axmediyada ayuu ina Cabdulle Xasan fidin
jiray falsified hogaanka Qaadiriyada doodo ku dhex mareen Berbera Sheekh Ismaaciil
Isxaaq iyo sheekh Madar iyo Cabdilaahi Caruus oo qaar ka mid ah nimankaasi ay
ahaayeenba macalimiintiisi.
From time to time he corresponded with the Vice-Consul at Berbera about tribal
matters, and occasionally he would send down as prisoners to the Vice-Consular Court
Somalis who had been guilty of criminal offences in the interior. Thus, he acquired very
considerable influence over the tribesmen by adjusting their grievances and ensuring
that his decisions were put imto effect; for the Somalis were not slow to realise that his
rough and ready justice was preferable to the long journey to Berbera and the prospect
of the Government not being in a position to enforce Its decision in the interior, when
given.
Ina Cabdulle Xasan maamulkii Ingiriiska ee Berbera xidhiidh fiican baa ka dhaxeeyay oo
dhanka arimaa reeraa waa kala shaqayn jiray ilaa marku Berbera ka guuray ee u dhex
dagay reer abtiyaashi dagaanka Buhoodle, halkaas lafteeda nimanka doonan ee danbi
lagu hayo Ina Cabdulle Xasan xeebta Berbera iyo maamulka Ingiriiska ayuu u soo gacan
galin jiray.
1899kii markii H.J da (Maxamed Abokor) iyo Habar Yoonista Burco ku biireen
saalixiyada oo markaas gobolka Togdheer qabaailka Dagan ku biireen ayaa ayagoo tiro
ilaa 5000 oo Ciidan ah Burco iskugu yimaadeen.
The Mullah, paramount among the Dolbahanta, was making overtures with varying
success to the Habr Toljaala and Habr Yunis tribes, with a view to extending his
authority towards the central area of the Protectorate. In August, 1899, with a force of
5,000 men, of whom 1,500 were mounted and 200 armed with modern rifles, he arrived
at Burao, a position of considerable strategical importance, commanding as it does the
dry season water supply of the Habr Yunis, Habr Toljaala, and Dolbahanta.
Shirweynii Burco oo ay iskugu yimaaden 3 qabiila ee hadaba daga dagaanka Togdheer
waxay ku dhawaaqeen Jihaad lala galo gaalada. Waxay qolyaha Jaalee Daarood ka
dhigaan arintan duulaan la qabsday Burco , ee wax dagaal ah kama dhicin Ina Cabdulle
Xasan iyo wuxu watayba waxa Burco ku soo dhaweeyay Suldaan Nuur oo markaas
fadhigiisu ahaa jiidaas. Dagaaladii ugu horeeyay waxa lagu qaaday Habar Yoonista
Oodweyne oo ayagu Suldaan Nuur col ahaayeen kana raacay suldaan Madar Xirsi. Kii ku
xigayna waxa lagu qaaday fadhiga Dariiqada Qaadirayada ku lahayd Magaalada Sheekh
oo Axmediyadu kaba bilaabmatay se ay la col ahaayeen Qaadriyada. Qabaailkii ciidanka
Daraawiishta ee markaas Burco isugu yimi waxay kala ahaayeen , Adan Madoobe, reer
Yuusuf, Axmed Faarax, Muuse Ismaaciil, Cali Geri, Abraahim, Ba-Xawaadle ,
nimankii hogaanka Daraawiishta u sareeyay wakhtigaas intii magacyadoodu Ingiiriisku
sheegay waa Madawaska , Xaaji Suudi iyo Suldaan Nuur:
“In 1895 after which he retruned to his tariga , Kob Fardod, in the Dolbahanta.
Here he gardully acquired influence by stopping inter-tribal warfare, and
eventually started a religious movement in which the Rer Ibrahim (Mukabil
Ogaden) Ba Hawadle (Miyirwalal Ogaden) and the Ali Gheri (Dolbahanta) were the
first to join. His emissaries also soon succeeded in whining over the Aden Madoba,
notable amongst whom was Haji Sudi, his trused lientenant, and Ahmed Farih and
reer Yuusuf , all Habr Toljaala, and the Musa Ismail of the Eatsern Habr Yunis ,
Habr Gerhajis with Sultan Nur.”
Page 49 official History of the Operation
Darwiish Xaaji Suudi abaandullii ciidamada Daraawiishta 1896-1920.
Waxa hubaal ah hadii canaasiirta Daaroodismku madax maray ka daayaan qabyaalada
iyo cuqdada taariikhda xarakada Daraawiishta in ninka ugu magaca dheer taariikhda
Daraawiishta noqonayo muran l‟aan Xaaji Suudi, 1850‟s-1920 ka sokow bilowgii
Darawiishta o u ku jiray waxa u dheer inu isago magaca , astaanka iyo nimaadkii
Mahdiyinta isagu ku soo kordhiyay Daraawiishta Ingiiriskuna uga markhaati ahaa.
“His purely political adherents were almost solely confined to a few degornmes and
disgruntled Somalis residing in Aden, who cherished some personal grudge against the
British Government. Typical of these was Haji Sudi, an ex-interpreter of the Royal
Navy, who had been at Suakin and was conversant with Dervish customs, many of
which he imported into Somaliland. For one and twenty years he was the Mullah's
trusty lieutenant, and was killed in action near Tale on the 5th February, 1920, during
the final expedition.” page 49-50.
Xaaji Suudi ka sokow astaanka iyo magaca daraawiishta uu kala yimi Sudaan wakhtigu
joogay Suakin oo ahayd goobtii Mahadiyiintii ku jabeen , wuxu khibrad dheeraad ah u
lahaa siyaasadaa aduunku halakay kala maryaan , Af-Carabi, Ingiriisi iyo Sawaaxilba
wuu ku hadli jiray , qoriga darandooriga u dhaca ee somalidu u taqaan Gildhigaan wuxu
ahaa ninka kaliya ee yaqaanay habka loo xidho qoriga.
Xaaji Suudi dagaalkii ugu horeeyay ee Fardhidin ilaa dagaalkii ugu danbeeyay ee
duqaynta qalcadaa Midhisho iyo Taleex iyo dhacdo kaste oo Daraawiishta taariikhdooda
kaalin kaga jirtay sidii dagaalkii Daraawiishta hexode ka dilaacay Ilig ee lagu kala jabay
(Canjeel Talo-Waa) markii reero Hartida ka mid ah la baxeen xoolii iyo saanadii
Daraawiishta Xaaji Suudi ayaa 1908kii ka daba duulay oo saanadii iyo hubkii
Daraawiishta ka soo celiyay. (Suudiyow sedkaa waa jannee samaca kalaamkayga , Sala-
Alla la yiilyow adaan saajic ku ahaaye) Gabaygii Can-Jeel-Talo-Waa
Geel-qaadkii geela Dhulbahnate lagu qaaday Koofilna lagu dilay 1913kii Xaaji Suudi
wuxu ka mid ahaa maqadimiintii ayaantii Koofil ku dhintay aaga Caynaba. 1970-1990
ayay ku qaadatay dawladii Jaale Daarood inay Xaaji Suudi ku badasho wiil kuray ah oo
meel iyo kaalin u kaga jiray Daraawiishta la aqoon wax aan ahayn 1 gabay oo geelii
Koofil dhicanyay ahayn iyo ilaa 3 gabay oo waagii Daraawiishta ka danbeeyay u kaga
calaacalayay makhaayad waab ah u ka furtay Buhoodle.
Sanadkii dayruuadaa weerarkii ugu horeeyay ee qalcada Midhisho (waxa Midhsiho iyo
Jidali keenay niman Muuse Ismaaciil ah u watay Darwiish Cabdi Dheere) Ina Cabdulle
Xasan iyo juhalaadii la socoday dayaarada waxay u qaateen shinbir-malaaiigeed , ka
dibna ina Cabdule Xasan wuu hoos cararay dayaaradii isagaa la sheekaysanaya oo le waa
“awaliya Ilaahay ii soo diray” Xaaji Suudi oo goobta joogay ayaa markiiba yidhi waar
waa dayaarad , se yaa u garan “dayaarad” markii dayaaradii soo rogaal celisay Ina
Cabdule Xasana gaalkii waday ku beegay miinii ayuu ku sii daayay , nasiib waxba kuma
noon dharkii ayuun baa ka gobtay , waxay se la he shay Caamir oo ku dhintay goobtaas,
Caamir wuxu ka mid ahaa sedex nin oo Khsuusi ah oo Midhisho iyo Taleex ku dhintay.
Xaaji Suudi waxa lagu dilay qalcada Taleex Februray 1920 isaga iyo Ibraahim Buqul
siday soo wariyeen hogaamiyaashii ciidamada Ingiriiska D.C Of Zeila Henry Rayne.
Ninka taariikhdiisu ilaa Mahdiyintii sudaan soo taxnayd ilaa 1920 Aw Jaamac Cumar
Ciise oo Daaroodismku ku fogaaday buugisii Kacaankii Maxamed Afweyne qandaraaska
ku siiyay wax ka yar 2 sadar ayuu kaga soo daray dhimashdii Xaaji Suudi ee qalcada
Taleex isagoo ka horaysiiyay amaantii faradii qolayaa Daarood ku baxsadeen sida
faraskii Shaluu-Maray oo Abshir Dhoore oo Majeerteen ah ayaantaas ku baxsaday iyo
baqashii Dhibic oo ina Cabdulle Xasan oo aad u naaxay ku baxsaday, sidaas kumu dayne
wuxu weliba hadalka u dhigay sidatan“ ayaantaas qalacada taleex waxa ku dhintay Xaaji
Suudi rag u ku jiro iyo caruur iyo dumar fara badan” Nin ragi waa fahmayaa , doqona
uma baahna ujeedada Aw Jaamac Hayaag. Waxa arintaas kaba daran wuxu buugiisa
“Divine Madness” 1993, Jaalle Abdi Sheekh Abdi , dagaalkii Taleex marku ka waayay
wax Daarood ah oo ku dhintay ayuu doodii wuxu Jaale Daaroodkaasi u dhigay sidatan “
Isaaq umay naxariisan Xaaji Suudi oo d‟a ah ee waxay ku dileen irada qalcada Taleex
horteeda” Tollow siduu ku ogaaday inu nin Isaaqi xabadaas lahaa ?? Mida kale haduuba
sidaas u naxariis badanyay muxu isu weydiin waayay kan u caabudayo ee ina Cabdulle
Xasan wuxu Daaroodkiisa sidaa ugu galayay 20 sanadood?
Suldaan Nuur Axmed Amaan asaasayaashii Daraawiishta 1898-1906.
Hali waa iga salaan
Halna wa iga sacab-qaad,
Halna wa iga suaal.
Hal wa i sacabqaad, ,
wa i Suldaanka amaanti,
Siraadki Berberad,
iyo wa haldhaa subax joga,
baalashi kala sidoo
wax la sisto la waa
Halna wa iga salan.
Geela, Seenyo iyo Laan
Sangayaasha qararystay,
Gabdhahaa suurta la moodo
iyo seyaxaanu ku jifna.
Sadadaada nabad ba leh.
Greeting to Sultan Nur on his visit to the Habr Toljala.
1885.
Wuxu Cabdi War same (Gahayr) mar isagoo u gabyaya niman ay isku haysteen dagaanka
Hargaysa 1947kii tuduc gabaygiisa ka mid ahaa ayuu ku guhaamayaa caaqil reer Axmed
ah la odhan jiray Guud-Cade oo ku gabayay inay Sacad Muuse , Arab u qayshanayaan
dagaalkii Awal iyo Garxjis waxa ka mid ahaa tuducyada Gahayr:
Lagu eed sidii ina Carro iyo reer Axmed Amaane
1874-1880 mudo u dhaxaysa aya waxa dagaal lagu dilay suldaan Xirsi Amaan, ma cada
cidu saldanada ka dhaxlay Xirsi ma apogee Diiriye Sugulle mise adeerkii Jaamac Diiriye
laakiin Axmed Amaan oo ka weynaa sidu Drake Brockmen buugisa British Somaliland
ku sheegay saldanada ma qaban aabihii Amaana ma qaban mana noolayn Axmed iyo
Amaan intu Xirsi saldanada hayay oo ka hor ayuu dhintay. Markii Xirsi la dilay ayaa
saldana waxa isku qabsaday reer Amaan iyo Bah-Diiriye iyo reerka H.Y oo qaarba mid la
safteen. Reer Amaan oo watay Nuur Axmed 1847-1906 iyo Baho-Diiriye oo watay Cawd
Diiriye 1840-1893,
Ilaa mudo 13 sanadood ah Nuur iyo Cawd Diiriye midba suldaan ayuu dhinaciisa ka
sheegan jiray midba isagoo qollo gaar ah wata , Nuur oo Daroor iyo Banka Tuuyo reeraa
daga boqreen iyo Cawd oo H.Y Burco dhankooda boqreen. Isticmaarka Ingriisku markii
1884 u dalka yimi qabaailkana la saxeexday heshiiska muxamiyadeed labada suldaan ba
wey jireen. Labada suldaan se waxay ku kala duwanaayiin arima saldanada ka sokow
xidhiidhkay la lahaayeen Ingiiriiska xeebaa soo dagay, Suldaan Cawd wax colaad ah ama
diidmo ah kama qabin Ingiriis oo si toos ah ayuu Berbera marku doono u tagi jiray , halka
suldaan Nuur Ingiiriska la col ahaa.
Colaadii ugu horaysay waxa dhacday 1886kii mar ciidan Berbera weeraray lagu
eedeeyay Inu suldaan Nuur ciidankaas watay geelaa 15000ka halaad ahna isaga iyo
reerkiisu qaadeen, Ltd Walash oo ahaa maamulaa Berbera ee Ingiriiska ayaa waraaq kaga
codasaday suldaan Nuur inu xoolli la dhacay soo celiyo suldaan Nuur kama soo awaking
fariintii laakiin Walsh wuxu yidhi waxa “karaal kiisa“ waa dagaankiisa lagu soo arkay
wadaado Sinuusiyiin ah:
“Ten days elapsed, but no reply to my letter came from
Sultan Nur. I heard, however, that two Senousi Akwan
were guests in his kraal ; and this was a very significant
fact, since it showed that these guests, members of a very
influential community, were hatching a scheme to retaliate
on and injure the Administration.”1
Ingiriiska , dagaalkii ugu danbeeyay ee lagu jabiyay Mahdiyiintii ka dib , aduunyada
Islaamka Makka ilaa dhulka Somaliyeed waxa yimi wadaado Mahdiyiin iyo Sanuusiyiin
ah oo Muslimiinta Gaalada ku Kakinada Ltd Langton Walsh waraaq u dira
The Senousi sent emissaries to Berbera, and we
afterwards ascertained from documentary evidence found on
the body of a dead Mugrubi (a Western Arab) that a number
of these rascals had been specially sent to create riots and
disorder at Berbera. Their object was to promulgate
hatred against all Christians, to preach the doctrine of
"Africa for the Africans" and the total exclusion of the
white man. Now the Somali is at heart a trader ; yet
1
many of them, in order to show sympathy with the Mahdi
and his cause, agreed not to supply camels or sheep, or to
allow the recruitment of drivers and coolies for the British
Army then fighting Osman Digna and the Dervishes at
Suakin. Owing, however, to their deep-rooted commercial
instincts, they were unable to bring themselves in practice
to cut off trade relations with us, or to exclude the
British from Somaliland. These views and actions brought
about many serious fights in Berbera and inland between
the Senousi and the Mahdists, at which I greatly rejoiced,
since these differences of opinion and policy rendered
my position very much easier. Page 212 Under The Flag:
Somali coastal Stories 1887.
Danjirii Ingiriiska ee Mercer Hunter ee heshiis qabaailka magacuusu ka wada muuqdo
iyo Walshe oo ahaa sarkaalkii ugu horeeyay 1884 ee maamulka muxmiyada inu dhiso u
xil saaray Hunter wuxu dhacdadaas ku eedeeyay Ducaale Idriis, Ducaale Idiriis wuxu ka
mid ahaa nimanka fara ku tiriska ah ee waagaas ilaa Congo-Zair safarada Europeanka
hogaamin jiray markii Africa European ku ka raadinayeen halka webiga Nile ku
bilaabmo, wuxu safar Congo ah u raacay Henrey Stanely oo baadi doonayay Livingstone,
ganacsi fara badana wuxu ku lahaa Berbera oo nimanka reer Axmed dhowr jeer khilaaf
dhex maray .
Maxamed Sharmaarke Saalax oo 1880gii ka hor intaanu Walsh iyo Ingiriisku iman
Magaalada Berbera ka ahaa „Chief Native” xaakinka Turkishkaoo xidhiidhkii aabihii
Sharmaarke Cali Saalax la yeeshay Turkishka 1827-1861 aad uga faaiiday.
I was myself Administrator in sole charge of Berbera in 1884, thirty years after
Burton's visit there, and I was particularly struck by his word-picture of Akil
Mahomed Shermarki, who was the Governor of Berbera in 1854, and in 1884 was
the senior Stipendiary Akil in the pay of the British.When El Haj Shermarki was
ousted
from the Governorship of Zeila, his son Mahomed was compelled to abandon
his control over Berbera. And he never regained it,although always a man of
importance and great influencein Berbera.
Ma cada sababta dhabta ah ee Maxamed Starmark u colaadin jiray Suldaan Nuur , laakiin
qoraalada yar ee Ingiriisku wax ku iftiimiyeen waxay cadaynaysaa uun in arimo ganacsi
iyo talada beesha H.Y uun ay arintu ku seasoned , una badnayd arin Ducaale Idriis iyo
Maxamed u badan. Maxamed Sharmaarke oo Nuux Ismaaciilka la col ahaa xifilantkii
wuxu gaadhsiiyay inu reerkaas kala safto Ducaale maamulka Ingiriiskana ku diro
Ducaale isagoo ku eedaynaya inu Ducaale suldaan Nuur iyo colkiisa isago xidhiidh
hoosaad la leeyay.
Arintaasi waxay sababtay in maamulka Ingiriiska ee Berbera xaaskii suldaan Nuur oo ka
soo jeeday beesha Dhulbahnate ( Ingiriisku ula baxeen al-Garaada) ay ka afduubeen doon
ayadoo xeebta Karin ku sugan. Ka dibna suldaan Nuur ku qasbaan inu xoolii la dhacay
soo celiyo . Wax heshiis ah se ma dhex marin suldaan Nuur iyo maamulka Berbera oo
ilaa markii Daraawiishta la sameyay safarada Ingiriiska way ka wareegi jireen dhulka
hoos yimaada maamulka saldanada Nuur oo dhanka suldaan Cawd iyo Burco ayay mari
jireen sidu sheegay L.F James oo webi shabeele dhankaas u maray 1886kii.
Suldaan Nuur 1884kii ilaa 1906kii marku dhintay maamulka xeebta ee Ingiriiska col bay
ahaayeen , dhulku ka talinaya safarada Ingiriisku ma mari jirin reerkiisana Ingiriisku
wixii u cadan ku qabtay 1886kii dhacdadaas ka dib wuu soo wada tarxiilay. 1893kii ayaa
waxa dagaal Ogaadeen iyo H.Y dhex maray ku dhintay suldaan Cawd Diiriye, una
saamaxday dagaan aanu awal Suldaan Nuur ka talin jirin inu gaadho 1893gii wixii ka
danbeeyay ilaa ku dhawaaqdii Daraawiishta 1899, Suldaan Nuur wuxu ahaa suldaanka
guud ee beesha H.Y, dagaaladii bilowga ahaa ee Daraawiishta Habar Yoonisu watay
waxay ahayd Habar Yoonis bari (Muuse Ismaaciil iyo Sacad Yoonis) ,
In Major Hunter's personal opinion the attack on the Berbera live stock by Sultan Nur
was instigated by Duali Idris. Duali Idris had relations with Sultan Nur (the
most powerful of all the Gerhajis chiefs) which did not tend to our own advantage.
Moreover, since Duali Idris had failed to induce me to give Sultan Nur certain
exclusive privileges and favourable terms with respect to his own raiding caravans, and
others visiting Berbera under his auspices, Sultan Nur was led to believe that the
British at Berbera were hostile to him and to his rights and interests. Both Major
Hunter and I did all in our power to establish cordial relations with Sultan Nur, but he
never became friendly, and always regarded us with suspicion and distrust.
Under The Flag and Somali Coast stories 1887.
Lama hubo markii ugu horaysay ee Ina Cabdulle Xasan iyo Suldaan Nuur is arkaan, Ina
Cabdulle Xasan oo baxsad ah iyo Suldaan Nuur oo mudo dhowr iyo toban sanadood la
col ah Ingiriiska ayaa Burco isugu yimi 1899kii. Mudo ka horaysay wakhtigaas ayaa
Suldaan Nuur inadeerkii Suldaan Madar Xirsi Amaan oo wata tol badan saldanadii ku
qabsaday oo lagu gar naqsaday Burco, ninka Ina Cabdulle Xasan oo garta joogay , markii
hore Ina Cabdulle Xasan oo magan ku joogay Burco wuxu raacay Suldaan Madar u gartii
siiyay isagoo tix raacayay reeraa tiradooda u wato Madar ( nin tolkiis wata iyo nin bilaa
tol ah),. Taageeradu ku tuhamayay Suldaan Madar marku ka waayay ayay dani ina
Cabdulle Xasan ku qasabtay inu raaco Suldaan Nuur oo tolkii wadan Habar Yoonis bari
mooyaane .
suldaan Nuur Ayaa xolleeyay Daraawiishta oo markaas bilow ah sida laga soo
wariyay Bashiir Cabdulle Xasan, suldaan Nuur qiyaas wuxu dhintay 1906-1907,
wax yar ka hor dhacdadii Canjeel oo sababtay niman u adeer u yahay oo reer
Axmed Amaan ah ka soo baxaan Daraawiishta lagana dhadhasan karo inaanu
wakhtigaas Suldaan Nuur noolayn , iyo gabayga u ina Cabdulle Xasan ugu
jawaabayay Xaaji Suudi oo markaas duulaan la damacsan beesha Garxajis..
Gabay/geeraarkaas u tiriyay ninka ina Cabdulle Xasan wakhtig ku dhow sanadihii
Xaarmo-Cuno oo u ugu jawaabay Xaaji Suudi oo yidhi nimanka Garxajiska ah hala gallo
sida ka muuqata Suldaan Nuur wakhtigaas ma noolayn markaas qiyaas ahaan Suldaan
Nuur Ilig Treaty waxba kama danabayn:
Dibindaabyo Habar Yoonis dabicigu ima qabnoo
Dagaal Sugulle Caynaashe durqinkii ka dhaartoo
Danabadu Amaan dhalay daawo naga dhaxaysoo
Dabaq haduu ka baydho duubkaa ii xanuuniye
Danbi igama raacee daacad weeye sidaasiye
Darwiishkii Suldaan nuur duudkiisu ka beermo
Ciidagalan daar la'aan danqabi maayoo
Duubigii calaameed Diiriyaanu xididnoo
Dayax-Weerar jeer rag baa igu dukhuuloo
Waxa haboon in intaas la raaciyo salaadiinta Daarood , suldaankii ugu horeeyay ee ku
gacan saydhay arinka Daraawiish wuxu ahaa Garaad Cali Garaad Maxamud oo ahaa
garaadka guud ee beeshan imika ku waalatay magaca Daraawiish ilaa Saado Cali oo
heesta. Durbdiiba waraaq ayuu Ingiriiska u qortay isagoo le “ Wadaad waalan baa
dadkaygii iyo duunyadaydiiba iigu haysta ee hub iyo caawinimo halayla soo
gaadho”
“The Gerad Ali Farah, the Sultan of the Dolbahanta, made so bold as to send a
message to the Consul-General to the effect that his old friendly relations with us
remained unchanged although, owing to the evil influence of the Mullah, his orders
were no longer obeyed by his tribe. For this act the Sultan was treacherously
murdered by the Mullah's command ; and the bodies of the twelve principal sheikhs
in the Dolbahanta country were seized.”
Garaad Cali markiiba Daraawiishtu waxay dileen 1901kii, dilkii la dilay Garaad Cali
garaad Maxamud wuxu keenay inay Dhulbahnatii dhanka Ingiriiska ka soo jeestaan
dagaaladii Sacmala iyo Firdhidin , garaadka kale ee beesha Maxamud Garaad (reer
Nugaaleed) isagu orodkii wuxu ku galay Ingiriis. Suldaan Maxamud Cali Shire oo ina
Cabdulle Xasan walaashii qabay mudo yar isna wuxu u galay Ingiriiska labada suldaan ee
Majeerteen Cismaan Maxamuud iyo Yuusuf Cali Keendiidna ayagu waxay noloshoodaba
ku dhamaysteen ayagoo Boniito-Italiyaano ah, Ugaaska guud ee Ogaadeen Ugaas Xaashi
wuxu la saftay boqortooyada Ethopia, waxa madaxdhaqmeedyadii Somali daraawiish ku
biiray inta la ogyay waa suldaankaas uun.
Darwiish Cabdilaahi Shixiri 1895-1909
Waxay dadku la yaabi doonaan hadii ay is barbardhigaan qoralaadii dawlada Ingiriisku
ka qortay xarakada Daraawiishta iyo waxay ka qoreen nimankii qandaraaska ku siisay
dawladii Afweyne sida labada jaale ee qoraalkan ku xusan , waxa ugu horeeya ee kaaga
soo baxayaa waxa weeye in nimankan Aw Jaamac buugiisa ku xusan ee wada
Dhulbahnate u badan amase Daaroodba inaanu Ingiriisku midna xusin oo hogaanka
Daraawiishta ka duwanyahay waxan Aw Jaamac qoray. Shantaas nin ee Hayes Sadler kor
ku xusay ee Ingiriisku u Yamane Hogaamiyaasha Daraawiishta waxa ku xigay oo
Ingiriisku aad u qoralaadooda uga faaloonayaan Cabdilaahi Shixiri oo ka mid ahaa
asaasyaashii xarakada oo isugu kaba horeeyayba Suudi iyo Nuur iyo labada Diiriye.
Cabdilaahi Shixiri ka hor Daraawiishta iyo ina Cabdulle Xasan waxay isku barteen
Makka oo wadaadka Sudaaniga ah ee Maxamed Saalax fadhi u ahayd.
“The Mullah had received a severe rebuff from a somewhat unexpected quarter. A
certain Dervish, by name Abdulla Shahari, an extremely astute and able man, had been
the Mullah's most intimate friend from his youth upward, and when Mohammed as a
young man was invested at Mecca by Seyyid Mohammed bin Salih Rashid as the
Khalifa of the Salihieh tarika in Somali-land, he had firmly believed in his friend's
divine mission. He had been one of the Mullah's first adherents, had taken an active
part in all the early fighting,”
Cabdilaahi Shixiri dagaaladii hordhac ahaa oo dhan waa ka qeyb galay, Firdhidin 1901
ilaa Jidbaale 1904. Waxaanu ahaa ninamankii Khusuusiga isku magacaabay ee
Daraawiishta u sareeyay. Xarumaha Daaroodismka lagama xuso taariikhda Cabdilaahi
Shixiri halka laga xuso 20 waranle ahaa oo maamulka Daraawiishta ku jirin se ka ahaa
askar hoose. Ninka Aw Jaamac oo buugiisa ka soo qoray 12 nin oo beeshiisa ah wuxu ku
sameeyay taariikhda Daraawiishta a safayn “Purge” framed adeegsadayna waxa weeye in
nin kaste oo Dhulbahnate ah xataa haduu ka ahaa arrant Dhoobi geela Daraawiishta u
raaca inu far waaweyn ku xuso ka dibna u raaciyo wuxu dhulbahnate ka ahaa reer hebel
hebel, sidaas marka la adeegsadao oo ilaa 20 nin oo isku beel ah laga xuso ciisan dhamaa
marmarka qaarkood 16 kun dada dhagahooda waxa ka bad Anaya 20ka dhoobi ee mar
kaste la xusayo. Wax alaale iyo wuxu Aw Jaamac buugiisa kaga xuso Daraawiishta nina
magic kuma lahayn Daraawiishta 1899-1905.
Cabdilaahi Shixiri dagaaladii ilaa 1904kii ka dib wuxu u ware gay Makka iyo Cadan oo u
kala gooshi jiray, heshiiskii Daraawiishta iyo Isicmaarkana wuxu kaga qeyb galay isagoo
jooga Cadan:
“After some years spent in the haroun, he had taken a prominent part in the
negotiations which led up to the Pestalozza Agreement, and had subsequently been sent
to Aden as the Mullah's accredited representative. For some time previously, however”
Cabdilaahi Shixiri sidaan hore ugu sheegay khilaafka isaga iyo saaxiibkii ina Carro
wuxu ka daarmay gabadh Majerteen oo markii 1905kii ka dib la dagay Garoowe iyo Ilig ,
lama hubo cidii ku gar heshay geladas, se khilaafkaasi wuxu gaadhay in ilaa sheekh
Maxamed Saalax laysla gaadho, isagoo Magalia Cadan jooga ayuu Cabdilaahi Shixiri ku
dhawaaqay inu Daraawiishta ka baxay ka dibna waraaq u soo diray xaruntii , markii
waraaqda la helay ayay inamadiisii mid ka mid ah oo wada jooga xarunta midi yidhi “
“when his letter announcing this decision was received at the haroun, his son, a lad of
fourteen summers, went to the Mullah and said, " When you get hold of my father, do
not kill him, because I would wish to do so myself, for the unbelieving father should be
killed by his own son/' Such was the spirit among the true Dervishes.”
Taariikhdii Kacaanku qoray/duubay qolyaha Daarood ee ka xunbeeya cajaladii lagu
duubi jiray gabayada ina Cabdulle Xasan gabayada cayda ah markay tirinayaan sida:
Ina Shixirihii wadalsanaa welad nijaas weeye.
Marna eeda ma saari jirin inu ina Cabdulle Xasan xarakadii Daraawiishta ku galgashay
oo wax ka xaaraan ah diinta iyo dadkaba kula dhaqmay , ee ayagoo afka ka xunbaynaya
ayay odhan jireen “laaluush” baa la siiyay ina Shixiri oo Xaaji Muuse Faarax ayuu u
raacay Makka , waxan filayaa ninka cajalada gabaygaas kor ku xusan tiriyay inu ahaa
Daahir Afqarshe cida u bahaan cida Daaroodaysan ee nimankaas wuxu ka dhagaysan
karaa gabaygaas iyo sheekada ina Shixiri siday u dhigayaan www.golkhatumo.com ama
www.doollo.com sumada gabayadaasna waa “Canjeel-Talo-Waa”.
Dilkii Koofil iyo macmalayntii “Invention Of” Ismaaciil Mire .
“The competitive spirit of the somal is intense when working with other natives in
domestic service. A Dulbahanta boy Omar G'al, came to me at Sheik as cook'sintern
, later he became cook and accompanied my wife and me to Uganda when he
was a head boy at the goverment house. He finally ended up as head servant in the
palace at Khartum. page 88 Personnel and historical memoir of an east african
administartor by Sir Jeffry Archor.”
Richard Corfiled 1913 oo dagaalkii ka hor Dhulbahantaa u qeybinaya hubka
“The Constabulary were joined by some 300 Dolbahanta who were anxious to
recover their lost stock from the Dervishes; and some ammunition from the precious
reserve was distributed to them.” The Mad Mullah of Somaliland page 228 Dul
Madoobe.
Intaan la dhex dabaalan arinka yar ee Dul-Madoobe dawladii kacaankii Afweyne guluf ka
dhigtay dagaal jihaad ah oo aad loo buunbuuniyay waxa haboon in si tafatiran loo lafa
guro mudadadii u dhaxaysay 1905-1913 , Heshiiskii Ilig ilaa dhacdadii Dul-Madoobe
ayadoo laga horaysiinayo gulufyadii iyo dagaaladii Xaaraamo-Cune oo ahaydba sababtii
Ingiriisku u sameeyay ciidanka Koofil. Xarakadii Daraawiish sid akhristayaashu u
fahamaan waa in 3 marxaladood loo qeybiyo:
1- Marxaladii 1895-1905 tobanka sanadood ee asaaskii Daraawiishta iyo dagaaladii 4ta
dufacadood ahaa ( Sacmala-Firdhidin, Ergo, Daraatoole-Gumburo iyo Jidbaale)
marxaladaas Aw Jaamac iyo Idaajaa ma Daaroodeyn karaan oo qabaailkii ka qeyb qaatay
dagaaladaas reer kaste way lahaayeen, shakhsiyaadka ugu cadcadaa Daraawiishna waxa
Daarood ka ahaa ina Cabdulle Xasan, markaas kuma mashquulaan marxaladaas.
2- Marxaladii 1906-1920, waa marxaladii Canjeel Talo-waa , Xaaraama-Cune , Dhulmadoobe,
Sanadkii Dayuuradaa iyo Hagoogane waa marxaladii Daraawiish isu bad
shay dooxato dhiiga umada miirta , xoolaa dhaca , waa marxaladii Ogaadeen, Majeerteen,
Dhulbahnate iyo Warsangali lagu xasuuqay, waana marxaladii 100ka gabay ee loogu
abtiriyo ina Cabdulle Xasan la mariyay ( gabayada badankood wax aan lahayn sumadiisa
faan iyo Caracalla iyo gabayga oo Shakhsiyan ah (anigaa waxaas yeelay iyo anigaa
waxaas laygu sameeyay) mooyaane gabayada kale ee bilaa sumad ah waxa tiriyay
kumanaankii kun ee reer miyiga ahaa ee marmarka qaarkood ku soo biiray Daraawiishta).
Marxalada hadaba la Daaroodeeyaa waa marxaladaas 2aad.
Kala-jabki Canjeel iyo Waraqdii Sheekh Saalax 1909
Qolyaa ka soo baxay xaraumihii Daaroodismka, ka sokow ragay “sheeleen” een kor ku
wada xusay waxan ku xigsiinayaa dhacdooyinkay fadhataysteen ee sida qaloocan u
dhigeen. Waxa jira hada iyo jeer markaad maqashid cajaladii lagu duubay gabayadii ina
Cabdulle Xasan 1978-1988 qolooyinka tiriya sida Daahir Af-Qarshe oo ka mid ah qolyaa
ku qiirooda marku marinayo gabayda Ina carro se taariikhda dhanka reerkiisa
Dhulbahnate ka yara qurxiya, tusaale, Daahir Af-Qarshe cajaladu u duubay u kaga
sheekaynayo waraaq laga keenay Makka sheekh Saalaxii Sudaaniga ahaa ee madaxa
Dariiqada Saalxiyada ee Daraawiishba ku sawaxi jireen “ Sheekh Saalax, Sheekh
Saalax” kaga buriyay Ina Cabdulle Xasan dariiqada Saalixiyada/Axmediyada,
Waraaqdaas ayuu Daahir Af-Qarshe iyo Aw Jaamac Cumar Ciise ba midna buugiisa
midna cajaladu duubay ku sheegayaan inay raggi Makka tagay wada ahaayeen Isaaq!!! ,
sheekh Salaaxna ka been sheegay oo Kaatunkiisa ku shaanbadeeyay Waaraaqda tuugo ah,
ayagaa markaas ka duulaya urinate ina Cabdulle Xasan. Marku intaas sheego ayuu
gabayo cay ah dudubiyaa isgoo qiiraysan.
Cabdilaahi Shixiri iyo ina Cabdulle Xasan wuxu xurgufkoodii ugu horeeyay ka dhacay
Gabadh Majeerteen ah oo laysku qabsaday sida ku taal buuga Leadhership In Eastern
Africa: Six political Biographies by Norman Robert Bennth. Cabdilaahi Shixiri waxa
la socoday Sheekh Ismaaciil Isxaaq oo ahaa hogaanka Dariiqada Saalxiya iyo Sheekh
Cali Neyroobi labadooduba Dhulbahnate ahaayeen, marku waraaqdii ka keenay Makka
sheekh Saalax dariiqada kaga buriyay ina Cabdulle Xasan waxa dhacday arintii Canjeel-
Tala-Waa oo lays yidhi Ina Cabdulle Xasan ka buriya Daraawiishta , una yaqaanaan
taabiciyiinta xarumaa Daaroodismka arintaas “shirqool”, shirqool se ma ahayn ee
culamada badankood waxay la safteen sheekh Maxamed Saalax.Waxay labada Jaale
odhanayaan Xaaji Muuse Faarax Igire iyo Darwiish Cabdilaahi Shixiri ayuu Ingiriisku
Makka u dirayaa oo been abuur iyo mala awaal ah, oo waxa beenaynayaa reprotki
Ingiriisku arinta ka qoray, wuxu Ingiiriisku sheegay in 2 sheekh iyo Cabdilaahi Shixiri
Makka wada tageen .
Sidu Aw Jaamac Cumar Ciise u tixgaliyo been abuurka ah Daarood kaliya bay ahaayeen
Daraawiishtu dadka kale na Gaalo raac , ayuu xaqiiqadaas daliilka loo hayo isaga iyo
wiixi qandaraaska Daaroodism la qaatay 1970gii arinta sidaas u dhigeen , laakiin dhibka
haysta nimankaas beenta la fakaday wuxu yahay “qalinkii Ferenjiga”. oo isagu cidna u
tudhayn markay noqoto arimaa Somalida.
Sidaan hore ugu sheegay qeybta Cabdilaahi Shixiri khilaafkii wuxu markii danbe
gaadhay Sheekh Maxamed Saalax oo labadaba aqoon fiican u lahaa , ka dibna sheekh
Maxamed Saalax dariiqadii Saalixyada ee magaceedaba lagu dagaalamayay waa laga
cayriyay ina Cabdulle Xasan waxa ka mid ahaa sheekha farriintiisa:
I have proofs that you have ceased to abide by that law in that you loot and enjoy
other men's wives; you shed their blood and rob them and their property. You can
be called now neither a Moslem nor a Christian ; you have ceased to know your
proper religion, because you do not go according to it, and do all sorts of bad things.
I do not approve of this, because it is not according to the Sharieh law. The prophet
has laid down. . . .
" I think God will punish you for your misdeeds in this world, only do not forget
that He is not blind to all that you do. ." Henceforth I wish to have nothing to do
with you and your belongings. I will not write to you, and I do not want you to write
to me. Those who walk in the way of God are sure to be protected by Him, and those
who do evil are sure likewise to be punished by Him. . . .
" You call yourself ' Seyyid,' but whence you obtained this title is not known. You
do not conduct yourself like a Sheikh, or walk in the path shown to you by our
prophet Mohammed. . . .
" You had better leave off calling yourself ' Seyyid,' and would do well by keeping to
your self-respect and instructing your people in the path of God and religion, and by
ceasing to call yourself ' Seyyid,' ' Mahdi,' or any such thing. By assuming these
titles, which do not belong to you, you will forget what you know of religion. . . .
" Mohammedans are not those who take their neighbours' blood on their hands, or
those who deserve their neighbours' curses. . . .
" Leave off all this and fear God and the judgment day, when children will have to
separate from mothers. . . . " You are at present like a shipwreck, tossing and
drifting this way and that way, unable to know or to make for any harbour. I think
you are quite old and wise enough, and do not therefore require any instruction.
11
Hearken to all I have said, and it is for you to choose whether you will listen or
not; but if you do not listen to me or continue in your present state, it will be with
the protest of myself and all the other Mussulmans, who will at once raise their
voices and might against you and your people.
1
' It is enough what you have already done, and now leave off your bad habits and
ways, or else I will not write or have anything to do with you m the future, and will
take care to inform all our Mohammedan brethren of your doings, and you will
cease to belong to our tarika. . . .
(Signed) " SEYYID MOHAMMED BIN SALIH RASHID." " Successor to Seyyid Ibrahim Rashid."
28 Del-Hejja."
Markii waraqdii sheekh Maxamed Saalax meel kaste gaadhay , ayaa qolyihii sida
joogtada ah Daraawiishtau ahaa ahaa iyo qabiiladii u ahaa „waranlayaasha‟ lagu kala
jabay heer inan iyo aabihii ku coloobaan sida wiilku dhalay Cabdilaahi Shixiri.
“Great was the effect produced on the minds of the Dervishes who have always gone
into battle invoking the name of Mohammed Salih. The Mullah's Q'adi, who had great
influence with the Dervishes, boldly declared before his master that the Sheikh's
condemnation was well merited, and was promptly murdered for his pains. The
Sheikh's denunciation and the murder of the much respected Q'adi caused considerable
disaffection in the Dervish camp, which culminated in the desertion of the Mullah's
brother-in-law and 400 other Dervishes, who took with them a number of ponies and
rifles “
Dhacdadaas Cabdilaahi Shixiri iyo ina Cabdulle Xasan dhex martay kuna dhamaatay in
dariiqada laga eryo ina Cabdulle Xasan lafteeda Aw Jaamac Cumar Ciise iyo “
Inginiiradii” Daaroodismka waxay ka dhageen arimo beelo dhex martay , Aw Jaamac
Cumar Ciise marku ka sheekaynayo arintan wuxu carabaabiyaa qabiilo sida reer Khalaf
iyo wax la mid ah oo isagu ku eedeeyo wuxu u bixiyay “shiroqoolkii geedka Canjeel-
Talo-Waa” ka dibna u yidhi niman u badan Majeerteen baaa is yidhi “Sayidka inqilaaba”
ka dibna la soo sheegay oo la laayay, arintu sidaas se ma ahayn ee isagaa jeclaystay inu
qabiil meesha galiyo oo ka dhigo jilibo is qabtay. Kana dhiga waraaqdii sheekh Maxamed
Saalax waraaq been abuur ah sidu manhajkiisi xalaalaynta fusuqii Khawaarjika
Daraawiish u marin habaabin.
Erigaas “Khawaarij” maaha eri anigu aan ku shaanbadaynayo Daraawiishta , waa eri soo
jireen ah oo somalidu se maanta ku baratay Al-Shabaab , erigaas waa erigii culumada
Somali ku tilmaameen Xarakada Daraawiishta, dood aad u cilmiyaysan oo lagaga
badiyay cilmiga iyo daliiladaba ayaa waxay dhex martay isaqa iyo sheekh Cabdilaahi
Macallin oo Biyo-Maal ah doodahaasi waxay ku jiraan keydka sumadiisu tahay
“Risalaat Al-Biyomaal” ama fariimihii Biyomaal.. Sheekh Cabdilaahi Macallin siday
Diintu sheegtay qofka umada “malodour iyo dhiigooda xalaalaysta isagoo qiil ku dhigaya
waa gaalo-raac” inay yihiin Kawaarij , ina Cabdulle Xasana wuxu ku dooday marku
“dadka takfiiro gaaleeyo” si inu isagu umada caqiiqadooda gacanta ku hayo, in ka dib
dhiigoodu iyo xoolahoodu xalaal yihiin. Shaki ma laha inu Sheekh Cabddilaaahi Macalin
ku saxsanaa erin bixintaas oo Daraawiish ahaayeen Khawaarijkii ugu horeeyay ee soo
mara dalka Somali Al-Shabaab ka hor. Somalida maanta noolna way qiyaasi karaan
dhibkay leeday “ dad inta la yidhaahdo waa gaalo raac lala digamma” oo maanta waxaas
waxa degrade qolyaaa dharka Pakistanta intay xidheen gafuurka duubtay ee umada ku
tamaruda.
Waraqidii u Cabdilaahi Shixiri ka keenay sheekh Maxamed Al-saalax markay meel kaste
gaadhay ayaa wadaado ka mid ah Daraawiishta oo awalba la socoday tacdiyada iyo ku
takar falka ujadeeda Dariiqada ayaa markiiba damcay inay Xarunta ka buriyaan ina
Cabdulaahi Xasan , arintii markay cadaatay ayaa daraawiishtii qaarna raaceen Ina
Cabdulle Xasan qaarna wadadaadadii sidaasna dagaal culus dhex maray qeyb ilaa 400 oo
nin ah iyo qeyb ay wateen ina Cabdulle Xasan iyo Xaaji Suudi sidaasna lagaga
guulaystay nimankii sheekh Maxamed Saalax iyo Cabdilaahi Shixiri raacay, nimankaas
oo la baxay hub iyo rakooba waa laga daba duulay , oo ciidan u wato Suudi ayaa ka daba
duulay hubkii iyo fardii qaar ka soo reebay , ka hor durance ayuu ina Cabdulle Xasan
gabay ku farayaa :
Suudiyow sedkaa waa janee samaca kalaamyaga
Salla-Alla la yiilow adaan saajic ku ahaaye.
Halku Xaaji Suudi ka noqday garabka Ina Cabdulle Xasan, inadeerkii Diiriye Caraale oo
ka mid ahaa raggi Daraawiishta markii la dhisayey ka qeyb qaatay , Diiriye na wuxu
raacay kooxdii ka soo hor jeeday , Diiriye markii ay jabeen nimanku raacay waa la
qabtay oo si arxan daro ah ayaa loogu dilay xarunta 1907kii.
Heshiiskii Ilig Treaty wixii ka danbeeyay wax xurguf ah oo Daraawiish iyo dhex maray
Isticmaarka ma jirin , waraaqaa Ina Cabdulle Xasan oo mar kaste xoolo iyo wax ka
maqan dhankooda ama rag ay ka mid yihiin Xaaji Muuse kaga cabanayo ama qabiilada
Somali mooyaane, wax dagaal ah ma dhicin waxa la odhan karaaba xidhiidh aan xumayn
baa markaas baa labada dhinac u dhaxeeyay.,
Reerka dhulbahnate oo isa siiyay Daraawiish oo imika maraya “darwiisha Saado Cali”
oo imika noqotayba Islaantii Miido-Tuura ( Miido waxay ahayd islaan aan xarunta
Daraawiish ka seexan jirin oo Tuur lahayd xantana dhagaa aad ugu jalqsiin jirtay
waa Islaantu yidhi ina Cabdulle Xasan hadaad aragtaan laba , (waa Ismaaciil Mire
oo watay ciidan yar ee Sahanka ah iyo Miido Tuura) xataa hadaan xilahayga u
galmoonayo ii soo daaya war bay ii sidaane) wixii ka danbeeyay 1905 ilaa 1914kii u
badnaa waxay Daraawiishtu layso oo dhacdo. Daraawiishtu inta xarakada ka mid ah
mooyaane badanaa hadaba qabiiladay dagaankooda dagaan ayaa u ciidan ahaa,
Dhulbahnate qabiil ahaan waxba kama duwanayn reeraa kale ee la dariska ah ,
Daraawiish colaad baa ka dhaxaysay xidhiidhka Dhulbahnate iyo Ingiriisna wuu wacnaa
oo ilaa 250 ciidan dhulbahnate ah ayuu Ingiriis hubeeyay ilaaliya aaga Buhoodle .
Since the conclusion of the operation in 1904, a number of Ali Gheri and Kayat
refugees from the Mullah have sought our protection , and have been provided with
live-stock and arms and located in posts on the frontier , the Ali Gheri at bohotle
and the Kayat at Eil Dab.
1905kii ilaa 1907ki maadaama dagaanka Majeerteen la joogay ciidamada Daraawiishtu
waxay u badanaayeen reerahaas, barigii la joogay gobalada Togdheer 1895-1901 na
ciidamada Daraawiish waxay u badnaayeen Dhulbahnate, Habar Jeclo iyo Habar Yoonis ,
dagaaladii Gumburo iyo Daraatoole oo ka dhacay dhulka Somalida Ethopia ciidamadaas
waxa u badnaa Ogaadeen ,Hawiye, Sheekhaal iyo Jareer-weyn , gaar ahaan dagaalkii
Gumburo waxa la odhan karaa 80% ciidanka dagaalmayay waxay ahaayeen Jareer-Weyn
oo wakhtigaas loo yaqaanay magaca “Adoonis” waxa dhamaanba lagu laayay dagaalkaas
ciidamadii Ingiriiska iyo sarkaalki watay Plunkett , waana dagaalka kaliya ee Daraawiish
kaga guulaystay Ingiriis , marku se ku mashxaradayo guushaas Aw Jaamac Cumar Ciise
wuxu arinta ka dhigaa inay reerkiisu libtaas soo hoyeen.
The attack on 17th April was mainly by Adonis, who showed remarkable bravery. I
consider retirment would be very inadvisable. I have a month's rations here and tow
months in buhotle. Buhotle must be able to ration us provided transport can be
obtained. page 185 Official History Of The Operation.
Waxaas oo macluumaat iyo xaqiiqooyin ah ma sheegaan qolyaha ka soo baxay
jamaacadaa Kacaankii Afweyne sida Aw Jaamac iyo Idaajaa oo waxay qalin daaraysaa
ujeedadooda oo ahayd “Daaroodaynta” wixii la odhan jiray Daraawiish. Xaqiiqooyinkaas
oo dhan waxa lagaga takhalusay “Daaroodeynta” Daraawiishta oo maanta qof aan aad ula
socon marxaladaa Daraawiish soo martay waa laga dhaadhicin karaa Saado Cali baa ah
reer Darwiish iyo mala-awaalkii Dhulbahnate loo sameeyay 1970gii , lagana wada
dhaadhiciyay inay reerkoodu raali ka ahaayeen Daraawiish oo iska been raqiis ah 80 nin
oo u badnaa Caro Seed Magan ehelkeed iyo dhowr nin oo si joogta ah u galay
Daraawiishta mooyaane , Dhulbahnate boqolkii ba 99% way diidanayeen Daraawiish,
oday, suldaan , wadaad iyo gabayaaba. Waxa daliil inagaga filan cidu ina Cabdullaahi
Xasan ku tiring jiray Dhulbahnate , ma Daraawiish mise Ingiriis raac, waraaqadan ina
Cabdulle Xasan wuxu u soo diray Commissioner Cordeaux oo ku leeway
“ Daddkaagii baa xoolo naga dhacay , qabiilkaaga Dhulbahnate , waxay naga dileen
15 nin 84 geelena way naga dhaceen. Ma ogi inu Cabdilaahi Shixiri kuu sheegay
mooyaane , hadaanu kuu sheegan imika ogow, waxaanu kaa dalbanaynaa inaad noo
soo celisaan xoolahay dadkaagu naga dhaceen.
SEYYID MOHAMMED TO COMMISSIONER CORDEAUX.*
" Your letter has been received and its contents understood. We have learnt from it
that you have arrived from your country, and that you are pleased to find the
country in peace and tranquillity, that you are prepared to do your utmost to
promote this as long as you live, and I am perfectly content with all you have
written. I am likewise very pleased to make peace, as I am more desirous to have
peace and tranquillity than anybody else, and I am most honest. If you are prepared
to maintain peace, I am also prepared to do so, and you shall hear nothing wrong
about me or see any error. Your people, the Dolbahanta tribe, have killed fifteen of
our men and looted eighty-four camels. I do not know if Abdulla Shahari reported
this to you: if he did the fault lies with you; if not, I do hereby acquaint you of it.
You are requested to restore to us our camels and the blood shed by your people.
" SEYYID MOHAMMED."
1908kii ilaa 1914kii Daraawiishta waxa soo galay jilibo Warsangaliya oo ayagu awalkii
hore ku jirin Daraawiishta dagaaladuna dagaankooda ka dhawayn, waxa xididay Suldaan
Maxamud Cali Shire oo aslkiisu ahaa Hindi hooyadiina ahayd xaaskii hore ee suldaan
Cali Shire laakiin se aabihii ahaa Hindi bad mareen, garan mayno waxa ki kalifay
qolyahay qabyaaladu jaah wareerisay waxa ku kalifay inay xaqiiqadaas qariyaan ama is
ilaawsiiyaan :
“The Sultan of the Warsangli was one Mahmoud bin Ali Shirreh. It may be
recorded to his credit that he was the last of the tribal Sultans in British Somaliland
to retain any influence over his people. But this influence was maintained by
tyrannical methods not far removed from those employed by the Mullah himself.
The son of the former Sultan's wife by an Indian trader, he has the face of a fox, and
his face does not belie him.”
Bulla Cali Shire oo xaga hooyo ay ka walaalo ahaayeen Maxamud ayaa loo dhisay ina
Cabdulle Xasan sidaasna Warsangali mudadadaas 5ta sanadood ah Daraawiish u noqday
ciidanka “waranlaa” sidii qabiiladii hore ee dagaankooda marba la joogay noqdeen oo
kale.
“From 1905 onwards his fulsome protestations of loyalty to the British raj had always
been overshadowed by an alliance with the Mullah, to whom he had married his sister.
But his thinly-veiled friendship with the mammon of unrighteousness might have stood
his isolated tribe in good stead, had it not been that, like most mongrel orientals, he was
temperamentally incapable of keeping faith with anyone ; and early in 1916 he made a
senseless and unprovoked raid on the Dervish stock grazing round Jidali. Retribution
quickly followed. “
Warsangali se waxa loo adeegsaday xasuuqa Dhulbahnataa oo Daraawiish ugu debase
wakhtigii 1899-1901 qabiil ahaan laakiin shakhsiyaad ka hadheen daraawiishta sida ina
Cabdulle Xasan abtitaashi reer Seed Magan oo ayagu mar kaste si joogta ah hadba ula
guuri jiray Daraawiishta, dadku waxay isku qaldaan mar kaste shakhsiyaadka 100 ba ha
mundane mar kaste si joogta ah u raacay Daraawiishta iyo qabiiladay ka soo jeedeen. Aw
Jamaac Cumar Ciise arintaas wuu afduubaa oo wuxu ka dhigaa hadba reerkisa
Dhulbahnate inay ahaayeen 100 nin oo hadba Daraawiishta la guura.
“The Mullah instigated certain of the more reckless sections of the Warsangli to launch
a series of raids on the Dolbahanta on a large scale, in the hope that the test of physical
force would compel the latter to throw in their lot with him. In these raids the
Warsangli were stiffened by a considerable accession of Dervishes. But, with typical
astuteness, the Mullah was most careful not to attack in his own name in case he should
precipitate hostilities with us before he was assured of Dolbahanta support; and the
Dervishes of the raiding party were, therefore, instructed by their master to suppress
their identity by posing as Buraad (i.e. roving bands of robbers). In the face of these
raiders, Dervish-inspired and Dervish-supported, and Dervish in all but name, the
Dolbahanta were characteristically apathetic and helpless. When asked why they took
no adequate measures to protect themselves, they invariably replied that the raiders
were Dervishes and that, if they killed any of them, they would have to answer for it to
the Mullah some day or other. “
Dagaaladaas Warsangaligu ku soo qaadi jireen jilibada Dhulbahnate gaar ahaan kuwwa
Maxamud Garaad Dhulbahnatu wax iska caabin ah ma samayn jirin marka la waydiiyana
waxay odhan jireen Warsangali waa Daraawiish hadaanu far taagnana Wadaadka ayaa na
laynaya. Maamulka Ingiriiska oo dhowr jeer ka decode dhibaatada lagu hayo
Dhulbahantaa
" Thirdly, with regard to your requests, know that the English Government is in no
way concerned with the 95 men killed at Galadi. These men were Biamal, and they
were killed by the Ogaden, who are not British subjects. This you know well. But, if
you really think that the Ogaden are Bntish tribes, then why do you constantly raid
them ? This is not according to the peace. With regard to the 15 men killed m the
Nogal and the 15 rifles, you must know that these men were Warsangli, and they
received the reward of their disobedience. If they were your people as you say, why
did you send them to attack the English tribes in the Nogal ? This is not in
accordance with the peace.
" This and salaams.
" H. E. S. CORDEAUX,
" Commissioner
Ina Cabdulle Xasan wuxu mar kaste ugu jawabaI jiray Daraawiish maaha ee waa niman
“Budh-cad “ ah nimanka dhulbahnataa dhacaya ee weeraraya sida waraaqdiisan ka
muuqata:
" To General Cordeaux.
" This letter has two objects. I have sent you many letters before on the subject of
peace, and about our looted property and wives, and also to prevent disturbances on
both sides ; but you did not send me an answer nor did you send me my rights or
make reforms. I, however, have made reforms and have stopped the disturbances of
the Buraad, and I have also made peace for travellers. You yourself are aware of
this. " And now I inform you that the son of Egarreh* and his people are bad men
and are breaking the peace between us, and I know this well. For instance, when he
sent a party to Bohotle ; also when he ordered them to take their horses as far as
Badwein and the Aain Valley ; and also when he sent spies to Jidbali, and the chief
of them is Yussuf Habarwaa, and he was instructed to go as a spy secretly, and not
only he but many other spies were sent. And I know all about this. " And I and the
Warsangli have sworn to each other that they are proper Dervishes and we are with
them ; and, if you want peace m the country, let me settle between the Ishaak and
the Warsangli; and, if you do not want peace, and you hear the words of the son of
Egarreh, let it be so. " From one who may be poor and small and mazlum (i.e.
oppressed), but who relies on God for mercy and victory and assistance.
Ciidamada bariga Somaliland waxay ahaayeen ilaa 500 oo nin oo 20 jilib ah jilib kaste 25
nin jilibadaas waxa loo kala qeybiyay Dhulbahnataa , Habar yoonista iyo Habar Jeclada
fadhiyadooduna waxay kala ahaayeen Ceel Dhaab ilaa Buhoodle. Jilbada Dhulbahnate ee
markaas hubaysnayd ee maamulku hubka siiyay waxay u badnaayeen jilibada Faarax-
Garaad oo dhankan Buhoodle ayagu ah, nimanka la laynayo waa Dhulbahantii reer
Nugaal , gaar ahaan Maxamuud Garaadka.
“The Tribal Militia, consisting of some twenty sections of twenty-five men each,
armed with Martini-Henry carbines, whose duty it was to protect the tribal grazing
grounds.in the Ain Valley, there were outposts, manned by the Tribal Militia, the
furthest flung being those at Bohotle and Eil Dab.”
Jilibada H.Y ee bariga fog daga ay isku dagaan yihiin Maxamud Garaad sida Muse
Ismaaciilka iyo Sacad Yooniska oo markaas Daraawiish weli ku biirin ( Habar Yoonis
bari Daraawiishta waxay ku betrayal markii Warsangali ka baxay 1913kii Daraawiishna
ka soo guurtay Taleex ay soo dageen Jidbaale iyo Midhisho 1914-1919). Jilibadaasi way
ka ayaan roonaayeen Maxamud Garaadka (Jaamac Siyaad iyo Ugaadhyahan Siyadka).
Oo ayagu wakhtigaas la joogo Warnsangaliga hubaysan waa iska caabin jireen maadama
Xaaji Muuse Faarax ninka ciidamada beeleedka bari arimahooda gacanta ku hayay isla
heyb ahaayeen sida ku cad cabashooyinka Ina Cabdulle Xasan oo mar kaste arimaa iyo
dhibaatooyinka bari ka taagan ku eedaynayo Muuse Faarax.
1913kii ayaa dagaal u dhaxeeyay Warsangaliga iyo Gadhweyn , niman Warsangaliya
waraaq ka heleen nin Gadhweyna, waraaqdiina waxay keeneen Berbera oo Ingiriiska u
geeyeen
Later in the month (Januray 1913) the Warsangli brought to Berbera a letter written by
the Mullah to the Gadwein, which they had captured from the latter during a raid in
the Gadwein country. It is interesting to compare the delightfully rococo style of this
epistle with the studied restraint of the letters addressed to the Government:—
"
Thanks be to God, prayers and salutations to the Prophet.
" This message is being sent by the poor man of God, Mohammed bin Abdulla, to
the tribe Rer Hamood bin Osman, all, especially to Haroun bin Ahmed, Yussuf bm
Dena, Mohammed bin Ahmed, Mahmoud bin Farah, Mohammed bin Mahmoud,
Ismail bin Guleid, Abdi bm Jama, Salih bin Ali and his brother Farah, Arraleh
" The object of this letter is twofold. One is to give you salaam; may God's mercy,
blessing and salaams be upon you ; and the other is to inform you that you are
oppressed from all sides. I mean from the side of the Warsangli, the Dolbahanta, the
infidels and the hypocrites, and the Dervishes ; may God sympathise with you and
give
you good patience and make Heaven your dwelling-place.
" Oh, my brothers, be patient, and Satan and his friends will not mislead you.
Regret not what you have lost, for God will compensate you fully in this world or in
the Resurrection, or both. I also beg you that I may be with you and you yourselves
may also be with me, and the first thing should be a visit between us. Surely I have
regretted the friendship of the hypocrites, and the friendship of the Dolba-hanta,
and I know that if I alone had fought the Christians I would have defeated them in
one hour, and if you and I together had fought them we would have defeated them,
and if I fought others also, namely, the Dolbahanta, I would have defeated them.
But the difficulty is with the Dolbahanta, as their conscience is not clear and their
hearts are not directed towards their God, with the exception of a few men. Even as
God said : * But few of my servants are grateful/ This is my message, and my word
is to inform you that everybody who has looted you has suffered in consequence of
my prayers, for some of them have died, some have become infidels, and some have
become weak.
" From your Brother,
" MOHAMMED BIN ABDULLA."
Mar kaste waraaqaa ina Cabdulle Xasan waxa ka muuqata sidu qabaailka kolba qaar ku
lid ah kuway isa seegeen u soo jiidan jiray, waxay maraysay Warsangali oo loo
adeegsado xasuuqa iyo sandulaynta Dhulbahnate , hadana waxa la gaadhay wakhtigii
Habar Yoonis bari loo adeegsan lahaa la dagaalnka Warsangaliga, imikana warsangaligii
wuxu ku noqday Ingiriiska 20ka sanadood ee arimaha xarakada Daraawiish socotay
qabaailka Somali sidaas bay isu kala badbadlai jireen oo midba labada dhinac uga kala
talaabi jiray.
Inkastoon la xaqiijin Karin Wakhtiga rasmiga ah ee Warsangali ka wada baxay
Daraawiish , Muuse Ismaaciilna u weydaarteen hadana se waxa laga qiyaasi karaa
gabayada ay is dhaafsadeen Ina Cabdulle Xasan iyo Adan Dube Gabay-Xoog 1916kii.
Waxa dhacday 1916kii Suldaan Maxamud col Warsangalia oo ka amar qaata ayaa geel
Daraawiisheed ka qaaday aaga Jiidali :
Raga bixitamayow
Bela laga xijaabyow
Ayaantaad badbaadaan
Aadan weyga Baab mida
Bayin waxad tidhaahdaan
Sagaal hal ku bari
Warsangaliga baydhee
Balankii ilaah furay
Bidca falayaal nagu yidhi
Xaafda badaal ka ah
Ee baara-weynow Cawar (sawyne)
Beydka ugu galay
Iyaga iyo Berberwiguba
Baha gaali weeye
Baayacada Cadmeed
Iblays baw ugu baaqoo
Boqorkaa gudoonshaa
Bastalaawi weeyee
Adiguba ugu baantaye
Waaliga bidoodkiyo
Boonlaha ku sheegaye
Baraar all-yeelow
Adigaa ii baajaye
Bedel inaad ka dhigtaan
Baqalka kuugu soo diray.
“Early in 1916 he made a senseless and unprovoked raid on the Dervish stock grazing
round Jidali. Retribution quickly followed. On a Saturday night, the 6th May, 1916,
some 2,000 Dervishes swooped down from their mountain fastness at Jidali and
surrounded the town of Las Khorai. The western quarter was captured at once, and
some 300 women and children were put to death.”
Warsangaliga dagaalkii lagu qaaday Laas Qori suldaankii waa baneeyay oo Cadan
ayuu u cararay gabayga digashada ah sumadiisu tahay “ Ma Duqaynay reer Bari” waa
ka ka tirinaya ina cabdulle xasan jilibada weerarka lahaa ee Muuse Ismaaciilna ku
xusaya markaas halkaas baa laga qiyaasi karaa bixitaankii Warsangali iyo ku soo
biiradii Daraawiishta reerka Muuse Ismaaciil. Qoladan Daaroodkismku waalay ayaa
gabaygaas halka tuduc ee reerka Muuse Ismaaciil lagaga sheegayo jeclaysan oo ku
badalay tuduc ah :
Duco Alley qabaan dagaha-Tuurwaaye
Tuducaasna u badalay :
Duco Alley qabaan dagaha Taar-gooye
Sanadkii Dayuuradaha horaantiisii ayay reerka Muuse Ismaaciil ka dareereen
Daraawiishta oo col u wato Cabdi War same ( Cabdi Dheere ) kala baxay xarunta ina
Cabdulle Xasana geeraar dalab ah ka daba diray:
Nimanyow Gadhweyn
Gaalo hayga raacina
Geel hadaad rabtaan
Guryahayga kaalaya
Gabdhaa hadaad rabtaana*
Hablaha Ararsame iyo
Hartaan idinku geedaami
Gilidhigaan hadaad doontaana
Giib beynu kala hadhi.
* tuducaas Gabadhaa, Aw Jaamac wuu yara diidaa inu sheego wuxu ku joojiya Geel
hadaad rabtaan (www.youtube.com , sumada Tuurwaa ka daawo cajalada Video ga ah
ninka Ciise ku celinayo tudacaas Aw Jamaacna diidanyay inu hore u wado Geeraarka.
Warsangali Daraawiish waxay ka riixeen Las Qori , Badhana qalcad bay ka dhisteen ,
reerkii dhulka lahaana waxay noqdeen wax firxaday oo suldaankii la galay Cadan iyo
wax ka qaxay dagaamadoodii, 1916kii ayay Dawlada Ingiriiski Laas Qori ka xoraynaysaa
nimankii Daraawiishta ahaa ee qabsaday meesha
The sequel is vividly described by Conrad Cato* in the following words :
" The range was just over 6,000 yards, the shell was lyddite. After the first round
the compact mass was compact no longer, but small groups showed themselves from
time to time, each one of them receiving its dose of high explosive, until finally the
pass was reached. Here the Northbrook hove-to, and, as the rabble came together in
that narrow neck, whose range was calculated to a nicety, so the shells dropped
plumb on top of them. It was diabolically easy—so easy that the sporting instinct
must have revolted from it, even as our men at Omdurman sickened at the sight of
the havoc that their machine-guns created. After twenty-four rounds the Northbrook
ceased fire. The number of her victims will never be known, for many dead and
wounded were carried off by their comrades ; the only available evidence of the
result of these few minutes of gunnery was afforded by the 171 corpses lying at the
entrance to the pass.
Suldaan Maxamud Cali Shire oo farxadii waraaq u soo qoray Ingiriiska se waraaqdii ku
dhacday “ Hayda Ka Masuulka ah la dagaanalnka Adonisga “ (the anti-slavery society)
" Surely we have found in Commander Turton a saviour of our place and people.
God may give him long life and prosperity to enhance such heroic works. Praise and
gratification have been in the mouths of us all since the success achieved by the
genius and talents of Commander Turton, R.N., of H.M.S. Northbrook. The results
of his success are truly colossal for us. . . . May God keep the British flag for ever
and perpetual upon us, under whose shelter we are happy and thriving in content.''
Inkastooy amakaag ku noqotay Ingiriiska iyo qoladii Anti-Slavery ga sultanku la
yaab ma lahayn oo waxa laga dul qaaday inkaar iyo aafo ku haabsatay oo
Warsangaligii reerkaa Harti ugu ganacsi badnaa waxa laga dhigay maato macaluul
u dhimanaysa.
“Thanks to the Dervishes and the depredations of their Sultan, the Warsangli present
almost as melancholy an appearance as their town. Once a prosperous trading and
seafaring tribe, they have been reduced to the most desperate straits. Whenever rations
were landed for the troops, hundreds of miskin, or destitutes, would scramble in the
sand for any grains of rice that might fall from the gunny-bags on their way from the
ship to the fort; and, even more horrible to relate, they would search through the dung
of the Government ponies and camels in the hope of finding some undigested grain of
corn.”
Xaaraamo-Cune 1909-1912
On the 12th November, 1909, the fateful telegram conveying the decision of His
Majesty's Ministers to withdraw from the interior of Somaliland and to concentrate at
the coast was despatched to the Commissioner.
Dibiyaaqadii 1909 ayaa dawlada Ingiriiski ku dhawaaqday inay ku laaban doonto
xeebihii awal hore ba ay joogtay maadam wixii Daraawiish la odhan jiray ee markii hore
ba u soo jiitay gudaaa dalka imika arinkoodu noqday budh-cad dada boobta oo wax halis
ah ku ahayn maamulka xeebta. Maamulkii muxamiyada qabaailki gudaa dalka u badnaa
ee jilibada laga soo uririyay hub waxay haysay dawlada Ingiriiski way wada hubaysay
Daarood iyo Isaaqba si ay iskaga caabiyaan haday Daraawiish dhulkooda iyo xoolahooda
Boobaan:
“The overpowering dread of the Dervishes was disappearing, and General Manning felt
sure that, if we supported with arms and ammunition the Darod ex-Dervishes, they
would collect and form a number of combinations capable of holding the main body of
Dervishes and preventing them from making any serious raids. The Ishaak tribes must
be responsible for the Warsangli and Bagheri Dervishes.” page 194 the Mad Mullah Of
Somaliland.
Jaalayaasha Daarood arintaas waxay ka dhigaan in Isaaq oo kaliya hubka la siiyay ka
dibna dagaaladii qabaailka wakhtigaas dhex maray waxay mar kaste jabkooda qiil uga
dhigaan “Ingiriis baa Isaaq hubeeyay” ee hubka qabaailka oo dhan waa loo qeybiyay
Warangal , Dhulbahnate , Garxajis iyo H.Jeclaba , nimanka hubka laga qadiyay runtii
waa qabaailka Habar Awal oo ayagu xeebaa joogay oo weli dawladii Ingiriisku
maamusho.
“As for the tribes, arms and ammunition and ponies and mules were issued to them, and
they proceeded to make their own defence arrangements. They were expressly informed
that they should not look to us in the future either for military assistance or to settle their
inter-tribal disputes. We should in no way interfere or attempt to control their actions in
the interior and their disputes must be settled among themselves in accordance with Somali
custom. “
Isla markii maamulka Ingiirisku u jiitay xeebaa qabaailkii hubkii la siiyay waxa kula
jeesteen qabaailaday utuntu u dhaxaysay , Habar Yoonis markiiba weerar bay ku qaadeen
Ogaadeen , Habar Jeclana waxa ka dagaal ka dhex qarxay Faarax Cabdulle reerka
Ciidagale na ayagii baa iskula jeestay hubkii:
The various sections of the Habr Toljaala were continually at each other's throats. Similarly,
the Aidegalla split into two main sections and carried on a desultory warfare with one
another. The eastern Habr Yunis came into frequent collision with the western sections
of the tribe ; and the tribe as a whole attempted to recuperate its strength by a large
and successful raid upon the Ogaden, which culminated in an enquiry by a British
officer in Abyssinian territory, as the result of which the Habr Yunis were called upon
to return a balance of no less than 1,330 camels to the Ogden “
Dagaaladaas Xaaraama-Cune waxay dhibaatada ugu culus ku dhacday reerka Habar
Awal iyo reerka Dhulbahnate oo Dhulbahnataa waxa isu raacay Daraawiishtii oo dagaalo
b‟an ku soo qaaday Buhoodle oo ka wada qixisay Dhulbahnate oo sanadkii Cali Dhuux u
carari jiray Berbera, waxa kaloo u raacay meel ay ku badbaadaan sida xeebta Berbera oo
qabaailka Isaaq awogood u soo gaadhi waayeen, Sanadkii dawlada Ingiriisku dib ugu
laabtay Xeebaa , isla markiiba ciidanki Cali Geri ee Ingiriisku hubeeyay Daraawiish baa
cagta marisay wax la laayay , wax cararay laga dhigay, Douglas Jardin oo sanadahaas
Somaliland ka ahaa secretary ga Muxmiyada wuxu Dhulbahnate ku tilmaamay “
Ismaaciiliyad (shiyacada laga xaqiro dhulka Misir ) dhex maxaayasa oo ka
dawarsanaysa dhulka Isaaq)
“As might be expected, the coastal Habr Awal were an easy prey to the more virile
tribes of the interior ,until, emboldened by adversity, they retaliated by waylaying and
looting traders' caravans as they passed to and from the coast .In this holocaust, in
which it is estimated that not less than one-third of the male population of Somaliland
perished, there was no tribe that did not suffer either from internal schisms or from
attacks by their neighbours. But the most pitiful lot of all fell to certain sections of the
Dolbahanta. Ousted from their ancestral grazing grounds by the Mullah's advance and
bereft of all their stock, the remnants wandered like veritable Ishmaelites in the Ishaak
country, deprived of asylum and almost of access to the coast, owing to the inveterate
hatred which the Ishaak harbour for the Darod.” In the following month, Bohotle was
occupied as a Dervish post. Thus were the Mullah's forces re-established in British
territory. Their success had been gained by striking sudden and unexpected blows when
the Dolbahanta were scattered, and had been attended by the artistic mutilation of the
vanquished and many unspeakable atrocities.
Dhibaatooyinka ugu badan , haday noqoto dhac iyo boob waxa gaystay qabiilka Habar
Yoonis oo ilaa Bulaxaar weerary, markii xeebii dhibaatadu soo gaadhay ayuu Ingiriiskii
sameeyay ciidankii Koofil si looga hortago qabaailkaas dhaca iyo boobka samaynayay,
markii ciidanka lagu dhawaaqay ayuu dilkii iyo boobkii sii batay si ay oga gaadhsiiyaan
qabaailku ciidanka ka hor dhaca iyo boobka, ujeedada laga lahaa ciidanka Koofil waxay
ahayd laba arimood , qabaailka wax boobaya in la xakamadeeyo oo badnaa H.Yoonis iyo
Habar Jeclo arinta labaadna waxay ahayd Dhulbahnataa Daraawiishtu laynayso in laga
ilaaliyo boobka”
(b) The main objects for which the corps had been raised were to keep open the trade routes
for caravans visiting the coast and to put an end to the constant internal warfare which
rendered the tribes incapable of resisting Dervish aggression.
Axmed Idaajaa ayaa programkiisa 61naad ka been abuuray ujeedada Ciidanka Koofil
isagoo markaas ka dhigaya Koofil nin kibray oo dada bilaash u layn jiray , wuxu Idaajaa
yidhi
“ Koofil heerku kibir ka gaadhay reer geel dhacay oo diiday inay soo celiyaan geela ayuu
Koofil geelii intu xoog ku soo daayay ayuu reerkii lahaa u geeyay”
In January, 1913, the Camel Constabulary moved across from Mandera to Burao to effect
settlements between the eastern tribes. Mr. Corfield's success in this work exceeded the most
sanguine expectations ; and even the hitherto intractable Habr Yunis vied with each other in rapid
compliance with his orders. By mid-March, all serious matters of dispute had been dealt with in
this district, and in one instance only had there been any reluctance to carry out the
Commandant's instructions. One section of the Habr Toljaala failed to comply with an order to
pay over stock within a fixed time, and Mr. Corfield, with the Commissioner's approval, made a
rapid descent upon them and drove off more than the amount of stock required to meet their
liabilities and to pay the additional fine to Government .
Waa wax lala yaabo “logic” Idaajaa se isagu waxaas wuxu u yeelayaa sidu u xalaaleeyo budhcadkii
Koofil ka dhicinayay geela Dhulbahnate hadhow u yidhaahdo Koofilkii kibir badnaa waxa
dilay Darawiish oo wixiisii xilka lahaa bilaabo. Ka dibna Ismaaciil Mire oo Koofil weligii arag
yidhaahdo isagaa dilay oo gabay ka tiriyay isagoo guaranties laalaadinaya.
Dagaaladii Xaaramo-Cune ee socday labada sanadood sidaas bay ku soo af jarmeen markii
xasiloontii dib u soo noqtay badh-cadkiina arlada laga xakamadeeyay. Daraawiish oo ayagu
qabaailkii Xaaramo-Cune ka masuulka ahaa boobka iyo dhaca ayagu wax dagaal ah iyo boob ah
may gaysan ee reerkii Dhulbahnate ayay dagaankii ka soo riixeen xooliina ka dhaceen waa
dhacdadii Dhul-Madoobe oo halkaas markay taariikhdu marayso kaalinteedu ku haboontay in la
soo galiyo ka dib heshiiskii Ilig, dagaalkii Canjeel iyo Xaaraamo Cune..
Dhul-Madoobe iyo Koofil iyo mala-awaalka Ismaaciil Mire
Sanadkii 1912 ayay Daraawiish qabsadeen Nugaal , reerkii Dhulbahnate la siiyay mudo bil
ah inay ku soo biiraan Daraawiishta , waxa loogu balan qaaday in xoolahoodii hore looga
dhacay dib loogu celiyo nin kaste oo Xarunta galena 100 halaad in la siin doono , laakiin
dhulbahnate waa diiday ayagoo tixraacaya dhibaataday kala kulmeen Daraawiishta laakiin
nin u jawaaba Caamir Sheekh Cabdulle oo colka qabsaday Nugaal hogaaminayay oo
cabashadooda u sheega kuma jirin Dhulbahnate oo nin kaste wuu baqayay:
From July to December, 1912, the Dervishes had remained concentrated in the Gerrowei
district; and the Ain Valley was left deserted not only by the Mullah's forces, but also by the
lawful occupants, most of whom were afraid to return to this danger zone. Amir, the
Mullah's uncle and emissary in the Ogaden country, spent this period of quiescence in
obtaining supplies of food, clothing, and ammunition from Abyssinian sources. No reply to
the Commissioner's suggestion for an armistice had been received, and there was no doubt
that the Mullah was temporising to see whether the formation of the Camel Constabulary
was a prelude to a Government expedition, as was generally rumoured. In December,
however, he established a small party of 150 Dervishes at Ainabo, with instructions to win
over the Dolbahanta to his cause. The various sections of the tribe were offered the return
of all stock captured during the past three years if they would but join him ; and a
reward of ioo camels would be made to any individual rifleman or horseman deserting
to the haroun. The Mullah pointed out to the Dolbahanta that they had been severely
punished for their allegiance to an infidel Government which afforded them no real
protection ; and they were advised to throw in their lot with their own kith and kin. If
they declined these terms, they must step aside entirely and afford the Dervishes a free
passage through the valley. One month he allowed for deliberation and upon their
decision depended their future safety or destruction.
Waxa taariikhda ku cad oon muran ka taagnayn inaanu ninka Ismaaciil Mire dagaaladii
1901-1905 mid ka mid ahna soo gaadhin shaqana ku lahayn, se si qasab ah loogu tolayo
dilkii Koofil ee Dagaalkii Dhulmadoobe, Aw Jaamac Cumar Ciise iyo Axmed Faarax
Idaajaa oo markii Af Somaligaba la qoray buug qallinka ugu duugay uguna magac
dhabay Gabayadii Darwiish Ismaaciil Mire 1974 ka kalana la soo orday buug la
yidhaahdo Sayid Maxamed cabdulle Xasan iyo Taariikhdii Daraawiishta
Ismaaciil Mire waxa aad loo buun-buuniyaa waa halka gabay ee “Taleex” Jaale Idaajaa
iyo Aw Jaamac ayaa khuraafaadkooda waxa ka mid ah inu Ismaaciil Mire , Koofil dilay
meel alaale iyo meel ay ka keeneen taariikhdaa gacan-ku-rimiska ah la garan maayo.
Sababta oo ah haday jirto hal dhacdo oo Ingiriisku si fiican u baadhay oo dhowr reports
ka qoray waa arintaas Richard Corfeild, sidu dagaalku u dhacay, cida geela qaaday,
reerkii geela lahaa si kaste arintaas Ingiriisku wax walba uga qoray oo House Of Lords ka
ayaa malady baadhistaas. Meelna kuma taal wiil la yidhaahdo Ismaaciil Mire ayaa iska
daa inu cid dilaye xataa inu Daraawiish ka mid ahaa oo nin caan ahaa meelna Ingiirksu
kuma sheegin , laakiin Ingiriisku wuxu u sheegay raggi maalintaas ciidanka ku
dagaalamay Dhulmadoobe watay raggii ugu cadcadaa oo ah ilaa 13 nin oo xataa u ka mid
yahay mid Warsangaliya oo kabo-tole u ahaa Sheekh Maxammed Salaxii Makka:
1- Abdirahmaan Ali Dhicis (Ba-Geri )Khusuusi
2- Xaji Sudi (Adan Madoobe) Khusiisi
3- Sayid Saadiq (Arab) Khusiisi
4- Xaaji Firxad (Hawiye) Khusuusi.
5- Obsiiye Seed (Magan seedigii/inlaw)reer Khayr Khusuusi b.1880
6-Jaamac Seed Magan (reer Khayr inlaw) Khusuusi b. 1888
7-Abdille Adan Ali-Geri Khusuusi born 1888
8-Mahmud Guray (nefew/walaashii dhashay) B/Ararsame Khusuusi b 1887
9- Yuusuf Hassan Nuur (uncle/adeerkii) Ba-Geri Khusuusi
10- Jaamac Gusuf (Sacad Yoonis) army
11-HajI Ismaaciil Khayre Warsangali ( formerly a shoemaker at Mecca under sheekh
Mohamed Saalax)
12- Abshir Dhoore (Majeerteen )Khusuusi (killed on June 1918 during Majeerteen
raid)
13- Seeraar Jaamac (Jaamac siyad) b.1880‟s
Haduu Ismaaciil Mire balaayo laga quustay ahaa maxaa looga waayay halka raggi
Dhulmadoobe colka watay midmid loogu xusay ilaa kii kabo tolaa ka ahaan jiray Makka
Ismaaciil Mire imisa jir buu ahaa 1905kii?? Waxa hubaal ah Ismaaciil Mire oo dhintay
1960‟kii xataa haday si kaste d‟diisa u weyneeyaan wakhtigaas isaga ah marna da‟diisu
ma ahayn d‟a Daraawiishta wax lagaga noqdo, meelna Ismaaciil Mire kagama jirin
halgankii dagaalada 1901-1904. Hadan sidu caan u yahay iyo wuxu caan ku noqday waa
arin u baahan baadhis fog.
Gabayada Ismaaciil Mire markaad eegtid ood si fiican u daristid meelna Ismaaciil si toos
ah ku sheegan maayo inu goob joog ka ahaa dagaaladii ilaa 1904 ,Sacmalla- Firdhidin,
Ergo , Gumburo -Daraatoole ilaa Jidbaale. Ninka se Aw Jaamac wuxu ku andacoodaa inu
Ismaaciil Mire ka qeyb qaatay dagaalkii Gumburo 1903, isagoon wax daliil ah u hayn oo
Ismaaciil goobna gabaydiisa ku sheeganayn inu joogay se si guud iskaga guud maraya
isagoo waayo danbe ka sheekaynayay.
Ujdeeda qoraalkan dheer ee taariikha ah igu kaliftay waa arintan oo Axmed Faarax
Idaajaa ku soo qaatay programkiisii 61naad isagoo sidiisii reerka Isaaq si maldahan ku
duraya , waxa se amakaag igu noqotay indho adaygiisa marku yidhi Geelii Koofil Lagu
Dilay Isaaq baa laga qaaday raacdaddi ka daba tagtayna Isaaq bay ahaayeen:
Weedhaas ah “meel Burco u dhow geel laga qaaday” waxan markii ugu horaysay ku
arkay Buugaa Suugaanta Fasalka 2aad ama 3xaad ee dalkii laysku odhan jiray
Jamhuiriyada Somaliyeed lagu dhigi jiray iskuulada, yaab bay igu noqotay waxa u diiday
inay yidhaahdeen meel Caynaba u dhow, ilay geela meesha laga qaaday waa la
garanayaaye. Ujeedada laga lahaa arintaas waxay tahay “si ardayga loogu sheego si
maldahan inu geelu ahaa geel Isaaq, si maldahana ardaygu u fahmo inu Koofil
xoolo Isaaq dhicinayay marka la yidhahado “kuwu watayna“ in loo fahmo =Isaaq”
Juhalaada Daaroodismku indho-tiray malaa maskaxdooda ma galin in ayagoon dhallan
walaa Aw Jaamac walaa Idaajaa, Col. Summer iyo Captain Dunn oo la socoday Koofil
inay Baarlamaanka Ingiriiska hor keeneen xaqiiqadii siday wax u dhaceen
“investigation”:
“The force marched south-east towards Ber, and, on the road, retreating tribesmen
reported that the Dervishes in large numbers, under the command of Ow Yussuf bin
Abdulla Hassan, the Mullah's brother, having raided and pillaged in all directions,
were withdrawing the looted stock in the direction of Idoweina, thirty miles southeast
of Burao, which they had made their rendezvous.the force was halted eleven
miles northeast of Idoweina; and here fifteen men of the Constabulary, mounted on
ponies, who had been sent on ahead, confirmed the news which had been received
on the road. They had exchanged shots with the Dervishes whose strength they
estimated at over 2,000 footmen all armed with rifles and 150 horsemen. At 8 p.m.
the Constabulary moved slowly on again, and at 9 p.m. they halted for the night
within four miles of Idoweina. A zariba was made, and the Constabulary were
formed up in column of sections, with the Maxim gun mounted and ready for action
on the left front and the camels in the centre. All military precautions were taken to
guard against a night attack. From the enemy camp occasional shots were heard
throughout the night, and the African sky, radiant with a myriad stars, was also
aglow with the reflection of the Dervish camp-fires. The Constabulary were joined
by some 300 Dolbahanta who were anxious to recover their lost stock from the
Dervishes; and some ammunition from the precious reserve was distributed to
them.The immediate object was to prevent the Dervishes from driving off the stock
they had looted from the Dolbahanta, and the ultimate object was to restore our
damaged prestige. In both these objects we failed lamentably.
For the Dervishes got away with the stock*,Estimated at 5,000-6,000 camels and
20,000-30,000 sheep. The numbers were so large that the Dervishes had to send to
the haroun for assistance to drive in their loot.”
.
Waxay Summer iyo Dunn sheegeen in geela laga qaaday meel ka mid ah dagaanka
(Axmed Garaad -Ararsame) (Ido-Weyn) March 1913 reerka geela laga qaadayna
ahaayeen beesha Dhulbahnate weliba jufada Ismaaciil Mire ee Axmed Garaad oo
Daraawiishtu caadaysatay iny biliqaystaan had iyo jeer. Markii geelii laga maroorsaday
Dhulbahnate ayay Dhulabahntii u soo ashtakoodeen Richard Corfiled oo markaas watay
booliskii la odhan jiray “Somaliland Camel Constabulary “ Koofil ooy la socdaan 350
Dhulbahnate ah ayaa intaanu dagaalku blabbing min nin iyo 40 rasaas ah u qeybiyay
Dhulbahntii raacdada ahaa ee geela laga dhacay, isla markii fooda lays daray ayaa reerkii
Dhulbahnte ee geeloda u dhicinayay Koofil cagta waxa ka dayeen. Koofil oo ku foorara
qorigii loo yaqaanay gilidhi-gaanka (Maxims Gun) oo meel ku dhagay is le fur ayay
xabad tashiirad ah ku dhacday cid riday la aqoon . Dhacdadaas basiidka ah ee geel laga
kala dhacay ahayd iyo boolis ayaa Kacaankii Daaroodism ka dhigi jiray dhacdooyinka
Wadnimada somaliyeed kuwii ugu weynaa Allen Giib Camel Constabulary la
maamuli jiray Koofil isna waxa dishay tacshiirad cidii riday la aqoon 1923gii Burco
.
Heer bay Idaajaa iyo Aw Jaamac gaadheen ay yidhaahdaan Ismaaciil Mire oo gacantii
mise kurtii Koofil sita ayaa ula tagay “saydikii” waxba se kama jiraan mala awaalkaas
Koofil isagoon xataa la taaban ayaa dib maydkiisii loogu celiyay Burco. Ciidamadii geela
dhicinayay waxa ka dhintay 30 nin , tiradooduna waxay ahayd ilaa 150 askar ah iyo 350
dhulbahnate oo raacdo ah, ciidanka Daraawiishtana waxa laga dilay ilaa 200 oo nin.
Idaajaa iyo Aw Jaamac si ay u xalaaleeyaan xaaraantaas 2 siyaabo ayay u dhigaan , kow
ta hore geela waxa laga dhigaa xoolo Isaaq (laga qaaday Burco Agteeda) ayagoo
halkaas ka yara saraya runta , laba, Koofil ayay u sameeyaan taariikh aanu lahayn oo ah
Gaal-dadka cuni jiray “exageration” ka dib taariikhda sidaa loo badalo qofka Somaliga
oo u ciil qaba gaalkan kibirka badan. Sedex gabayga Ismaaciil Mire ee Taleex ayay
arintan daba dhigaan ayagoo is le ku sawira inu Ismaaciil Koofil dilay colkana watay.
Gabayga Taleex loo bixiyay meelna Ismaaciil Mire xataa kaga sheegi maayo in Koofil la
dilay iska daa inu isagu xataa arkaye, wuxu kaga hadlayaa uun geel la qaaday oo inoocu
geelu ahaa iyo hashii gabyaaga u ka rabay geela. waxa ka muuqata Ismaaciil inaanu xataa
dhacdadan 1913 ee taariikhda loogu sameeyay isagu goob-joog ka ahayn xataa.
Togga Ulasameed dooyadii horay u tuuryeynay
Intay timacad noo soo arkeen marada noo taage
Annaguna jihaad kama tagnee tiimbad ugu roorray
Sengeyaal tabaadiyo gool weerarka u tooxnay
Tiiraanya ololkii dhulkii Taani naga qaaddday
Tallaala'ayda qaylada Berbera tahan la weydaari
Taambuuglayaashiyo kuway tebeysey soo gaare
Teysaha gugii oo hanqaray tininigtii yedhay
Talaxumada awrkuu u xiray baqe taraarsiinnay
Girligaanka meeshuu turqaday lagu tunsii geela
Tirsan maayo uunkii tirmiyo gaalo taabaco’e *
Gaaladu waxay tacab lahayd taabnay galabtaase
Maadhiin turaabkaa ka badan tuurta kaga qaadnay
Tukihii intaan niman u waray tobanle soo qaatay
Gebagaba u tooxnoo kufriga maarre kaga teednay
Tafwareeman maynine intaan tubay ku aynshaaday
Galabtaa carraabada ku timi turugga Buuhoodle
* tuducaas oo asalkiisa sida hore ahaa ayaa Aw Jaamac iyo Idaajaa markii arintan laga
dhigay geel Isaaq, raacdadna raacdo Isaaq ayay tuducaas u badasheen “ Tirsan Mayno
uunkii tirimay iyo tulushle Idoore”. Laakiin tuduca ujeedadiisu wayska caday oo
maadaama Ismaaciil tollkii lagu laayay lagana dhacay geela Koofil na awgood u dhintay
arinkiisu waa “Tirsan maayo Dhulbahnataa tirmiyo gaalo taabaco’e” .
Waxa dhawaan soo baxday hees ay Saado Cali ku luuqaynayso midhiheedana waxa ka
mid ahaa “ kalshaale anigaa le oo Koofil iyo dabadhilifkiisii ku dilay” inay amakaag
tahay maskaxda la maydhaa qoomiyadaas dhan weli waxay aaminsanyiin inay ayagu
Koofil dileen oo Koofil xoolo Isaaq dhicinayay,
Kabashada cilmiga gaaban waa lagu kadeedmaaye
Hagoogane iyo jabkii Daraawiish iyo xorayntii harooyinka Doollo 1920 Part IIII
dhamaad.
Risaldar-Major Haji Musa Farah, LS.O., of the Habr Yunis tribe, who has so often figured in
these pages. Was born about the same time as the Mullah in the early 'seventies and he enlisted in
the Aden Water Police. His high qualities earned for him rapid promotion in the noncommissioned
ranks and subsequently a transfer to Bombay. When Sir Eric Swayne was on his
way to command the first expedition against the Mullah, he " discovered " Musa Farah at
Bombay and took him to Berbera. Outstanding abilities and successes in the field, when in
command of tribal levies, soon earned promotion to Risaldar-Major, then the highest rank to
which even a native of India could attain. But it was in a civil rather than in a military capacity
that Musa Farah won his laurels. His shrewdness in council, his natural intuition, his exceptional
knowledge of the Somali character, fitted him admirably for the post of Chief Native Adviser to
His Majesty's representative, a post which he has now held with distinction for some twenty years
or more. A man whom the King has delighted to honour on several occasions, Musa Farah has
been the trusted confidant of successive British rulers of Somaliland for two decades. But the
most eloquent testimony to his personality is the hatred for " Musa Egarreh," to which the
Mullah's letters so often give expression. For a Somali, he is a rich man, possessing camels
galore and many a fine herd of cattle. He has the affection and respect of the many British
officers who have been proud to account him their colleague and friend. His fellow
countrymen know full well that there is nothing, be it good or ill, which they may do that is
hid from him. Consequently, they fear him. Wealthy and distinguished and influential, he has
achieved as much as any Somali may achieve by legitimate methods under British rule.
Jaalle Jaamac Cumar Ciise iyo Axmed Faarax Idaajaa marka laga waraysanayo BBC
programyada taariikhda somaliyeed , sida program labada-mooge ee Isaaq loo dhiibay
waa Hereri iyo Cawke oo geeridii Nebiga ogayn, oo la yidhi Daraawiish ka waraysta
Aw Jaamac , oo labadooduba sheeko lagu qaloocinayo reerkooda hor booda, maaha
markii ugu horaysay ee ninka Cawke propaganda Daaroodeynta Daraawiish hor
boodo. Dadka dalka Somaliland gudisiiha ku nool iyo jaaliyada qurba joogaba way
xasuusanyihiin cajalad Cawke hor boodayo oo la duubay 1980yadii , laguna duubay
saldhigyadii faqashta gaar ahaan guriigii af-dugaaglii Axmed Saleebaan Dafle.
Waxa dhacday in dhowr jaale oo faqash ah casuumeen ilaahay haw naxariistee
odaygii Ciise Muuse ee gabayada ururin jiray Lamumbe ayagoo ugu dhuumnaya
gabayaanu kaa waraysanaynaa. Cawke oo microphone ka warysiga isagu
daadihinayay ayaa cayda Saajinkii Carab Dheere aad ugu dheeraaday isagoo
amaanaya Ismaaciil Mire , markaas ayuu Lamube yaabay oo yidhi “ dee malaa
ninkaad iga waraysanaysaanba idinkaa igu dhaama “ wuxu ka yaabay nagnagta
Cawke iyo iska dhaadhicinta saraakiisha faqashta. Cajalada gebigeedba waxa lo
duubay faanka iyo amaanta wiilka Ismaaciil Mire iyo duqaynta Carab-Dheere oo
qolyahan faqash mar kaste reerka Isaaq ugu duur-xula.
Waxa lagama maarmaan ah qolyahan Isaaq ee Hargaysa hilibka geedaysan ku cuna
ka dibna cawska cagaaran raamsada inay ugu yaraan la xisaabtamaan Cawke iyo
Hereri iyo ficiladay ku kacayaan, maaha in ayaga waraysada buunbuunita
Daraawiish loo dhiibo ayagoo reerkooda logu duur xulayo. Ninka Moogaa ah ee
Hereri waxa igu maqal ah in isagu u sareeyo Idaacada VOA ee waxani ka socodaan
, been iyo buunbuunin Daarood wuxu Idaajaa marayaa program 67aad weliba
sidaas baa isagoo jooga Neyroobi halkaas wixiisa ka soo gudbiyaa, waa maxay
sababta Hereri Muuse Cali Faruur oo Hargaysa jooga program taariikh halkaas
isna qeybtiisa looga ogalaan waayay. Barnaamijkii 64aad ama 63aad wuxu Idajaa
marayaa in Isticmaarka ka hor inanay jirinba Somali salaadiin iyo maamul lahayd
Daarood mooyaane, malaa dada kale waxay ahaayeen riciyad.!!!
Waxay labada Jaale mar kaste taariikhda Daraawiishta ka reebaan dagaalakii Hagoogane
ayagoo libta Isaaq u diidaya , waxayna yidhaahdeen Taleex ka dib ina Cabdulle Xasan
Iimay ayuu u cararay oo Kaneeco baa dishay , marmarka qaarkood bay yara xishoodaan
oo ay si yar oo oo teel-teel ah uga gudbaan dagaalkaas ayagoo marka hore yidhaahda
Fanto iyo Furuq baa laysay Daraawiishta , Idaajaa oo caabuda ina Cabdulle Xasan wuxu
u dhigaa sidatan anigoo hadalkiisa oo duuban qoraal u badalaya wuxu yidhi
“ Sayidku haduu Ilaah ku roonyahay markaas wuxu joogay dhulka Nugaal iyo
dhulka la yiraahdo Sanaag, way ka soo guureen waanay ka soo qaxeen, meel dhexe
markay mara-hayaan meesha la yiraahdo Wardheer iyo soonaha Shiniile ayagoo
mara-haya ciidan Ingiriisku ku soo kiciyay , oo qabaailka ah , qabaailkii Ingiriiska
taabacsanaa ah, halkaas waa lagu laayay , si xun baa loogu laayay inta geel badana
laga soo qaaday , inta la gaaday, ayagoo markaas furuq iyo fanto ku dhacday oo aad
u liita markaas ayay ka guureen hadii Alla Kuu Roonyay waxay tageen xagaa iyo
Webiga Shabeele”.
1920 sanadkii Dayuuradaa
Markii la duqeeyay qalacdii Jidali ,Madhisho ( dhulka Muuse Ismaaciil) iyo Badhan
(Dhulka Warsangali) dagaalo goos goos ah oo Daraawiishta qaarna dagaalameen qaarna
yaaceen ka dib waxay Daraawiish badankood u soo carareen dhankii qalcada Taleex
(dhulka Dhulbahnate). Ciidamada dhulkaas ka dagaalamayay waxay u badnaayeen
qabaailka jiidaas daga labada dhinacba , taariikhada Daaroodismka ee u faafiyo aw
Jaamac se waxay u dhigaysaa Daarood oo wada Daraawiish ahaa iyo Isaaq oo wada
Ingiriis ahaa , laakiin akhristayaashu marba hadaynu marayno dhamaadkii dagaaladii
Daraawiishta kolay goorahan waxay yaqiinsadeen inaan siday nimankaasi u dhigaan
taariikhdu ahayn, markaas meceno ma laha hantaataca Aw Jaamac iyo Idaajaa hada
inaaan markii kumanaad hadana beenayno.
The tribal levy of 1,500 men was to hold various posts on the Mullah's line of retreat
southward to the Bagheri and to intercept Dervish fugitives and stock.
Ciidankii qalacada Taleex weerary waxa isu keenay 13 caaqil oo H.Y , H.J iyo
Dhulbahnate ah ciidankaasi wuxu dhamaa 500 hogaankiisa sare na waxa hogaaminayay
Risladaar Xaaji Muuse Faarax. Waana cidankay isku dhaceen ciidankii qalcada Taleex ku
dagaalamay ee u hogaaminayeen Ibraahim Buqul iyo Xaaji Suudi laguna dilay halkaas,
ninka la yidhaahdo Aw Yuusuf Bare (Yuusuf Xasan Nuur) oo ina Cabdulle Xasan
advertise ah oo ahaa mujirmiyadii ugu waaweynaa isagoo dhaawac ah ayuu ayaantaas isu
dhiibay Adan Giib oo u la socodo Mahdi Cabdulle Xasan oo isagu judhii ugu horaysaba
marku aabihii firdhaday is dhiibay, waxa lagu xantaa dhowr nin oo Isaaq ah sida Xasan
Xuseen (H.J, reer Yoonis waa ninkii faraskii Weysaysane la hadhay) iyo dhowr nin oo
kale inay ogaan maalintaas u sii daayeen ina Cabdulle Xasan oo baqashiisii Dhibic
saaraan.
Captain Gibb, assisted by that other Nestor of Somaliland warfare, Risaldar-Major
Haji Musa Farah, I.S.O. By the 19th January, two days before the first aerial
bombardment of Medishe, 500 riflemen under 13 akils had been posted at Gaolo with
orders to watch Tale, and the rest of the force was holding various posts on the Yaguri-
Gerrowei line, Gibb himself having made Duhung his head-quarters. At first the levy,
isolated and without means of communication with the other forces employed on the
operations, knew nothing of the march of events. But on the 1st February, the Governor
was enabled to communicate by aeroplane both with Gibb and with the Somali leaders
at the various outposts, informing them of the Mullah's retreat south and instructing
Gibb to gain touch with the Camel Corps as soon as possible. On the morning of the 4th
February, tribal horsemen arrived at Duhung from Gaolo and reported that the Mullah
and a few men had entered the Tale fortress at midnight on the 2nd/3rd February,
followed in the early morning by some 60 horsemen. A later message, while confirming
the arrival of Dervish parties at Tale, expressed doubt whether the Mullah himself had
entered the fortress. Gibb immediately left for Gaolo with all available tribal rifles.
Meanwhile small parties of Dervishes were continually arriving at Tale, but many were
being intercepted and killed by members of the levy. It was now apparent that all the
remnants of the Dervish force from the Medishe and Jidali area were converging on Tale ;
and the tribal leaders, although they had no proof, were convinced that the Mullah was in
the fortress. A large party of Dervishes escorting the Mullah's main caravan had been
successfully engaged by the Tribal Levy while trying to make their way into Tale. During
the fight many notorious Dervishes had been killed, including Haji Sudi, the ex-naval
interpreter, and Ibrahim Boghol, the commander of the Mullah's forces in the northern
area. The captures comprised many of the Mullah's personal belongings, his
correspondence, his clothing and jewellery and, in addition, 1,400 camels, 450 cows, 50
ponies, 51 rifles, 2,000 rounds of ammunition, and 300 camel loads of supplies. Page
273 The Final Expedition , The Mad Mullah Of Somaliland.”
Sidu u baxsaday lama oga laakiin Ina Cabdulle Xasan inkastoo ahaa nin aad u booran oo
xataa faraska la saaro , hadana arimaa baxsadka iyo dhuumashada xariif buu ku ahaa ,
ergadii 3da sheekh ee dariiqooyinka wateen waxay soo wariyeen inaanu lugaa laabi karin
marku fadhiisanyo oo sidii gabadh gudan intu lugaa fidiyo caloosha weyn sii daayo
gacmaana gadaal fadhiga ku taageero. Farskiisana marku fuulayo 4 nin baa mid ba lug
qaban jiray oo si qaab-daran loo xamaali jiray, ayagoo arkayay sida faraska loo saaray
ayuu maalin ugu faanay “darmaanta Daraawiishta mid kaste anaa jabiya” markaasu
intu yara gucleeyay yidhi waabaan ku boodayaa, wax yar marku faraskii u jiray ayuu
buur la noqday ka dibna arinkii iska daayay.
He visited the ergo in the morning and told them to start. This was the first intimation
they had of any move. Leading their camels for some 200 yards until they were level
with the Mullah, they saw four men assist him to mount, lifting his leg. Some forty
Midgan and Adone danced in front of him. He then attempted to convince the ergo of
his prowess as a horseman. He was, in actual fact, mounted on an aged and early
expeditionary days. He still enjoys perfect health. very docile hack; but he jerked the Somali
curb and kicked its flanks so vigorously that it reared slightly. He remarked to the ergo,
" I always have to break in all our wild young Dervish horses." He then moved past,
straining at the curb, followed by six women mounted on ponies,* wearing bandoliers,
and carrying small carbines.
waxa la soo wariyay in isaga iyo Xaaji Firxadkii Hawiye u baxsadeen dhanka Ogaadeen
oo walaalkii Khaliifa ciidan ku dhex lahaa reerkiisa Ba-Geri. Inkastoo reerka Ba-Geri
labaatan sanadood Darawiish ahaayeen hadana arbush iyo dagaalo kamay ridin
dagaankooda oo qori xabashi kumay tuurin, wuxu caqliga saliimka ah yeeli lahaa in
guryahooda xoreeyaan marka hore intaanay dagaanada umadaa kale qasin. Aw Jamaac
iyo Idaajaa oxidise marna isma weydiyaan sababtu Ina Cabdulle Xasan Ogaadeenkiisa oo
ku jira isticmaar kii ugu xumaa oo oo sanad kaste fardo iyo col iyo xoog lagaga qaadi
jiray gibirka boqor Menelilk waxay iskaga xoreyn waayeen, 130 askari iyo 4 sarkaal oo
Ingiiriis ah dalkana qabaail keeneen heshiis la galay intu isku mashquulinayay,
jawaabtuna waxa weeye filinkay Daraawiish matalayeen wuxu ku qurux badanaa
INGIRIIS baanu la dagaalamaynaa ee kuma qurux badnayn Xabashi baanu la
dagaalamaynaa maadama ay iska dhigi jireen Mahdiyiintii Suudaan oo kale.
25 March 1920 ayaa fariintii ugu horaysay ka timi ina Cabdulle Xasan sidii u uga
baxsaday Taleex waxa waraaqda siday Xaaji Cusmaan oo adeerki ah:
" And now, if what you say is true and you want to offer me terms, then let me be
myself among the people. But if you are not agreeable to this, that is to say, that we
arrange amongst ourselves, then I want the right to place my case before you and I
want justice from the people. And if there is anything proved against me, then I
have no complaint to make. And by this means, if I have my rights, I shall be
satisfied, and I shall never get up again. I shall never trouble the Habr Yums nor the
Habr Awal nor the Habr Toljaala.
" As to Abdi Derreh, he says he killed Sheikh Yussuf because he alleges he killed 60
of his people. But, in the name of , God, I ask you to enquire whether this wadad
ever killed as much as a goat m the whole of his life. I, too, I have killed nothing.
And if I killed anything from you in the world, or it has been done under my orders
or with my consent or with my knowledge, then show.
Sheekh Yuusufku sheegayo waa Aw Yuusuf Bare waana adeerkii , waa ninkii ciidankii
geela Dhulbahnate dhacay dagaalkii Dul-Madoobe watay , Cabdi Dheeraa u leeyey wuu
dilayna waa Cabdi Warsame ( Gadhweyn) oo isagu Daraawiishta ka baxay wax yar ka
hor dagaalka Dayuuradaa. Aw Yuusuf Bare isagoo dhaawac ah ayuu isu dhiibay ciidankii
Allen Giib .
Ergadii Wadaada iyo Cuqaasha 1920 iyo Ina Cabdulle Xasan oo waalidii la soo
hubiyay.
Ninka Carshe Dheera ayaa ka cods day niman wadaado ah iyo cuqaal inay Duuflaalka
ugu tagaan sladhigiisa kana soo dhaadhciyaan inu ka waantoobo fadqalada , sheekh
Ismaaciil Isxaaq (Dhulbahnate ) oo ahaa madaxa dariiqada Saalxiyada ah ayaa u sareeyay
ergada oo ka koobnayd:
1- Sheekh ismaaciil Isxaaq (madaxa saalxiyada , Dhulbahnate)
2- Sheekh Cabdilaahi Madar (madaxa qaadriyada , Habar Awal)
3- Sheekh Maxamed Xuseen (madaxa dariiqada Axmediyada)
Cuqaasha:
1-Akil Ali Adan, Habi Yunis, rer Sugulleh, baha Deria.
2- Akil Jama Madder, Habr Yunis, rer Sugulleh, rer Robleh Sugulleh.
3-Akil Haji Ibrahim Warsama, Habr Yunis, rer Sugulleh, baha Sugulleh.
4-Akil Hirsi Hussein, Habr Yunis, rer Hussein.
5- Akil Haji Abdillahi Jama, Habr Toljaala, rer Dahir. "
6-Akil Ahmed Yasin, Habr Toljaala, Sulamadoo. "
7-Akil Ali Gulaid, Habr Awal, rer Ahmed.
Markii cuqaasha iyo wadaadu soo gaadheen Qoraxay ayaa ciidan Ogaaden ah oo
fardoolay ah ka hor tageen , ninkii u sareeyay ciidanka ayaa Cuqaashi iyo Odayaashii ku
yidhi : “ Marku wadaadku idin waydiiyo warkeena waxad tidhaahdaan waxanu nahay
ergadii Ingiriiska waxna naga danbeeya col beeleed u wato Xaaji Muuse faarah oo
Ogaadeenka duulaan ku ah”
" When the Mullah asks you for your news, say that you are the ergo from the
British Government, but that there is a large army of British Somalis just behind
you under Musa Farah coming to attack the Ogaden/'
Wuxu arintaas uga dan lahaa Ina Cabdulle Xasan in ogaadeenku baqdin ku raacaan
markay maqlaan ciidan baa ku soo fool le , isagaana ilaalidiisa fariintaas u faray ergada si
markay kaga dhex dhawaaqaan Ogaadeenka oo Malaya in ciidan Muuse wato soo socodo
ay Daraawiishta ku soo biiraan.
Markii ergadii hor yimaadeen kooxdii ina Cabdulle Xasan ayaa Darwiish Firxad
(Hawiye) waydiiyay ergada “ shirkani ma shir gaaleed baa mise waa shir muslinka oo
kaliya” ayagoon awaking weli ayaa waxa la maqlay dikiri keymaa ka soo buqranaya “
sheekh saalax “ qasiidooyinkiisii 500 oo ciidan ah ina Cabdulle ku dhex jiro.
Cali Guhar oo ergada la socoday oo ahaa gadhweednkii ergada oo isagu awalba ina
Cabdulle Xasan u diray Berbera ayuu ina Cabdulle Xasan Yidhi:
Ina cabdulle Xasan : waayo ninkaas bidixda kaa xigaa
Cali : waa Ibraahim Warsame Saydii
Ina Cabdulle Xasan : kaa ku xigana
Cali : waa Ibraahim Jaamac saydii
Ina Cabdulle Xasan : Ilaahyow, Ilaahyow ! Waar ma Ibraahim Jaamacbaa, bal wejigiisa
eega, bal eega gaalnimadu waxay wajiga umada ku samayso!, Ilaahyow, aabihii baan
aqaanay Jaamac Xaashi, oo nin aad u fiican ah, oo nin aad u qurux badan ah, ninkana
isagoo yar baan garanayaa wuu casaa, bal imikana eega madowga ka muuqda. Waayo
ninkaas kale Caliyow.
Cali: Cabdilaahi Madar
Ina cabdulle Xasan : oo maxaad u odhanaysaa Cabdilaahi Madar maad tidhaahdid ina
sheekh Madar. Waayo kaa ku xigana?
Cali: waa Ismaaciil Isxaaq.
Ina Cabdulle Xasan: maxaad tidhi ku celi?
Cali: waa Ismaaciil isxaaq.
Ina Cabdulle Xasan intu indhaa isku qabtay ayuu madaxa ruxay: Ilaahyow, ILaahyow,
bal eega gaalkan , waxa lay kaa sheegay inaad imika Dhulbahante sheegatid, ma tihid!
Waxad ahaan jirtay adoonkayga, aabahaa wuxu ahaa aabahay adoonkii, cid taqaan
aabahaa wuxu ahaa ma jirto, duurkaa laga helay isagoo dhicis ah, dumar guursada waa la
waayay , anigaa u guuriyay Faaduma Kub-Cad (naag Dhulbahnate ah)
Intaas ka dib ayuu dadkii oo dhan ku yidhi , gidigiin gaalaad tihiin, oo Quraankay ku taal
, cid Quraanka iga badisana ma jirto, dada Madiina iyo Makka xataa waa wada gaalo, ilaa
Maxamed Saalax waxba ma ahayn anaa wax ka dhigay,
Intaas marku yidhi ayuu intu shaadirkisii duuduubtay ayuu kacay oo buulkiisii iska galay.
On the next day the Mullah visited them in their zariba and, again using Ali Guhar as
the intermediary, he enquired from the ergo, whom he always addressed as soldiers,
whether they would like to become Mohammedans. They discreetly said that they
would, and he then brought a Q'oran and made them say after him, " There is no God
but God and Mohammed is theProphet of God." He then instructed them to read the
Q'oran, but Sheikh Ismail, admittedly the chief Somali exponent of the Q'oran, wisely
replied that they were illiterate and could not read. The Mullah then pretended to read
to them from the Q'oran :
" This man whom they call the Risaldar* is an infidel. Any Jemadar is an infidel. Havildars are
infidels. All Naiks are infidels. The Police are infidels. Every one who wears a red pugareef is an
infidel. The transport drivers are infidels. Men who receive medals are infidels. Men who wear
crowns on their shoulders are infidels. Men who wear Christian trousers and coats are infidels, and
the men who sit with them are infidels."
Ayaantii labaad markii laysu yimi ayuu ku yidhi Cali Guxar waydii “askarta” waa erigu u
adeegsan jiray ergada, bal inay Donavan inay muscleman ka dibna ashaahaadii ayuu u
laqimay. Intaas ka dib ayuu faan bilaabay isagoo le cid Quraanka ka badisa inaanay jirin
ka dib ayuu iska dhigay nin Quraanka akhrinaya isagoo le :
“Ninkay u yaqaanaan Risaldar ( Xaaji Muse) waa kaafir, Jemadar na waa kaafir,
Havildarkuna waa kaafir. Koofiyad case waa kaafir. Bilad Qaate waa kaafir, darays
xidhe waa iyo kuwa la fadhiistaaba waa kufaar”. Intaas ka dibi ayuu Cali u soo diray
ergadii oo u yidhi maadaama hada ay “musclemen” u sheeg inaan siiyay sagaal gabdhood
One night a man whom the Mullah had posted on picket duty desired to go off on his
own with some Bagheri and raid the Abdulla. His intention was discovered, and the
Mullah then collected all the various ergo in the camp to witness his punishment. He
was stripped naked and terribly chastised with a Somali whip over face, chest, and belly
; and, at last, when he fell senseless to the ground, they placed grass round him and set
fire to it.
Habeen habeenada ka mida ayaa nin Ilaalo ahaa hawshiisii ka raacay guluf Bageri ah oo
duulaan ku ahaa reer Cabdile, ninkii ayuu ina Cabdulle Xasan intu yidhi soo qabta ayuu
ergadiina ugu yeedhay daawashda. Ninkii inta wejia iyo beerka laga jeedleeyay ayaa
marku suuxay caws iyo xaabo inta la barbar dhigay nolol lagu gubay.
Isagoo u sheekaynaya ergada ayaa wuxu yidhi , ayaantii dayaaradaaa (Midhisho) xaarkii
shinbiraa waxba ma yeelin ( hubkii dayaarada) ee waxa wax kaste igaga darnaa
waraaqahay soo daadiyeeen waxa ku qornaa , waxan ku arkay anigoo lay bixiyay
“Maxamed Cabdulle Xasan Ogaadeen Ba-Geri-reer-Xamar” naxdin weynaa, waar ma
anaa Ba-Geri ah bal maw eegay reer Xamar, waa midgo, ma anaa midgaan ah , bal eega
quruxdaydaya”.
" I was troubled by the Mijjertein j and I, therefore, moved to Jidali in the hope of peace and quiet. I
intended to arrive at a settlement with the British Government. But without any provocation
whatever the Government attacked me. I did not mind the birds (aeroplanes). They cannot hurt me.
Their droppings fell on the top of my white canopy, but could not touch me. The only thing that did
hurt me was that in the Arabic letter which the aeroplanes dropped, I was described as Mohammed
bin Abdulla, Ogaden, Bagheri, rer Hamar. That was dreadful. Do I look like a Bagheri, rer Hamar ?
They are Midgan, outcasts. Do I look like a Midgan ? Just look at my beauty.* page 303 the Mad
Mullah of Somaliland.
Maalintii shanaad ayuu waraaqidii farinta ahayd ee Cali Guxar iyo ergadu sideen
jawaabteedii bixiyay:
" This letter is sent by me to His Excellency the Governor Archer.
" I inform you that your messengers reached me safely in good health, and all here
were pleased with them. I have accepted the peace terms they brought me willingly, but
not under compulsion, namely:
" 1. You are to return to me my stock, consisting of camels, cattle, sheep and goats,
ponies, mules, and donkeys, my slaves, firearms, coins, anbar (scent), diamonds,
pearls, feathers, and reading books.
" The golden coins amount to £100,000.
" The feathers are the feathers of 900 ostriches.
" Piastres, 30,000.
" Dollars, 20,000.
" Other small coins not counted.
" 20 boxes of anbar (scent).
" Five boxes of diamonds.
" 1,000 pearls.
" Two pieces of ivory.
" Very many firearms, among which there were four machine guns (two large and two
small), four other guns (one of four shells, one of two, one of one, and the other small),
thirty Maxim guns, many revolvers, and all kinds of rifles.*
" This is one condition.
2. The other is that you return to me all those of my men who may have fallen into
your hands either on desertion from me or captured by you m war.
3. The third condition is that you give me back all my land as well as the buildings
demolished by you, and that you also afford me aman with no enmity on the part of the
War-sangli, Mijjertein, or others.
" Oh, Governor Archer! I am Seyyid Mohammed! I know you! When lately I was illtreated
by the Italian Government, who caused trouble between myself, the Mijjertein,
the Hawiya, and the Ogaden by giving firearms to my enemies, I warned the Italian
Government that I was offended with them on account of their ill-treatment, and that I
had moved to the British side of the border to avoid all fitna (quarrels). My intention
then was to send you a letter with some of my elders and a caravan j but, before this
could be done, you attacked me without any cause or fault of mine, and I am
oppressed. Further, the aeroplanes have oppressively attacked me, and this is a great
abuse to a man in my position. You have also killed forty of my children who were
infants and innocents. You are, therefore, liable for their blood-money.
" I have heard that you are a good man and there are others who are my enemies. I
am, therefore, quite willing to undertake your settlement."
900 oo baal-goryo, 20 sanaduuq oo Canbar ah, sanaadiiq luul iyo dheeman ah iyo waali
maskaxdiisa ka buuxda marku sheegtay in loo soo celiyo , ka dib wuxu waraaqda ku soo
gabagabaynayaa “ Carshow waa Sayid Maxamed waan ku aqaan, Talyaaniga ayaa
Majeerteen , Hawiye iyo Ogaadeen igu soo hubeeyay sidaasna igu kaliftay inaan
xadka Talyaaniga ka soo guuro, ee anigoo is le fariin ku soo dir ayaad colkii igu soo
saartay, dayaaradana waad igu soo dirtay, mida kalana 40 ka mid ah caruurtaydii
baad dishay, intaasna magtooda adaa qaba oon kaa doonayaa, waxa igu maqaal ah
inaad nin fiican tahay sidaas awgood diyaar baan u ahay inaan yeelo gartaada (is
dhiibka”. Ninkaasi waa ninkii ku gabyi jiray:
Gaalada dirayska leh anaan, daabadda u qabane
Anaa diiday dagal inaan la galo, daalin ii colehe
Dalka ma lihid anigaa ku idhi, doora weynaha e
Anaa diiday nabadiisa aan, daacad noqonayne
Anaa diiday deeqdiisa ay, naari dabataale
Dahabkii uu waday waanigii, daadiyee qubaye
Dagaalkiisa anigow xishoo, daalib ku ahaaye
Durdurada Fardowsaad anaa, doortay oo rabaye
Anaan labada daarood tan hore, darajo moodaynin.
Shaki ma laha ina Cabdulle Xasan inu ahaa axmaq dantii yaqaan ah oo marku jabana
waxar ka yaraada marku awood helana maatada ka xishoon, hadaba sidu isagu jeclayayna
u dhiga gabayadiisa oo dadku balanced maqleen laakiin ficiladiisa ayaa gabayadiisa ka
xaqiiqo iyo qiyaas fiican, nin kaste geesi iyo balaayaan ahay waa ku gabyi karaa laakiin
ficilkiisaa laga gartaa. Sidaas bay ergadu ku laabtay , caruurtii iyo maatadiisiina loo soo
daayay ina Cabdulle Xasan ayagoon wax dhibaato ah loo gaysan.
Waxa sanadkii 1999kii dalka Sweden buug ku malmaluuqay nin la yidhaahdo Abdullaahi
Hassan Rooble oo qolada Daaroodka ah sida naxliga buugiisa ka muuqada , buugaas
wuxu ugu magac daray gabayadii Guba una bixiyay buuga “Silsiladda Guba” wuxu
buugiisa ku andacoonayaa inay dadkuba kala ahaayeen Daarood raacay Daraawiish iyo
Isaaq raacay Ingiriis “typical Daarood narrative“ , taariikhda Gubana wuxu ka
bilaabayaa hantataatacay ka barteen gurboodka Daarood dajaalka Aw Jaamac aa ah eriga
“gaalo iyo cawaankoodii wuxu yidhi ninka Abdullaahi “markii Ingiriiska iyo
Soomaalidii cawaanka u ahayd dagaal ballaaran oo cir iyo dhulba leh ku qaaday
Daraawiishta fadhiday Nugaal 1920kii” cawaaqib xumaday leeday xarumaa tacliinta
ee Daaroodism waa taas, umad 30 sanadood laga dhaadhicnayay Daarood baa ingiriis
diidanaa iyo Daarood baa ka maqanaa dagaaladii Taleex iyo Badhan, hadii xataa been la
sheegayo waxa la sheegaa been runta u sansaan eeg , waa ogsoonyay xaqiiqada ninka
Abdullaahi isaga iyo waxa la hayb ahiba ee se cida lala hadlayaa maaha dadka Xoogogaalka
ah ee waxa lala hadlayaa waa maxasta Daarood waa irbada sunta ah ee ku mud
intaanay korin, waa ciyaalka Daarood ka dhaadhici inay bari ahaayeen wada Daraawiish ,
Isaaq iyo Ingiriisna isu jabiyay.
“iyaga (Isaaq) oo ka faaiidaysanaya fursada qaaliga ah ayuu ciidan tiro badan oo
somaalidii Ingiriiska raacsanayd oo sooc ah oo uu abbaanduulle u ahaa Xaaji
Maxamuud Waraabe oo Habar Yoonis ahaa , waxaana abaabulay janan Ingiriis ah
oo magaciisa la oran jiray Sir Geoferry Archer”
Isagoo sii wada mala awaalkii armada Daaroodism ka laga shubo ayaa wuxu odhanayaa
“markii daraawiish laga soo jeestay waxa mammalian Ingiriiska dadkii jacana
go’aansadeen in qolooyinkii Daraawiish taageereeyay ciidamo iyo cudud la dul
dhigo si aanay mar danbe madaxa ula soo kicin . Kolkaas ayaa habar Jeclo
Dhulbahnate dhulkisa ku durugtay oo Nugaal ka saartay. Habar yoonis iyo
ciidagale ba waxay markiiba ku duuleen carro Ogaadeen , waxayna qabsadeen oo
isku ballaariyeen Walwaal, Wardheer , Bulaale. Labada qolo midtown ma lahayn
awood ay iskaga celiyaan Isaaqa hubkiisa, Ingiriisku markii uu daraawiish iyo
taageerayaasheediiba meel ku hubsaday ayuu u soo jeestay iny dhulku haystay
nidaam dawladeed ka dhaqangaliyo“.”
Waxa kaliya ee ku filan beentaas Is-mahdinta ah in cidu leeyey dhul baa laga qaaday oo
Daraawiish bay la socodeen waa reer Hagar oo reer Caynaba ahaa iyo Maxamed Subeer
oo gaar ahaan reer Cali (Bulaale) iyo reer Cabdille (Doollo) labadaas reerba inaanay
maalin fooda galin Daraawiish. Waxa se qosol ah kuwu leeyey (waa H.Y iyo H.J) Ingiriis
bay raacsanayeen, hadii la barbar dhigo kuwu Daarood ahaan Daraawiish ku sheegayo
(waa reer Hagar iyo Maxamed Subeer) jilabada Sacad Yoonis iyo Muuse Ismaaciil ama
jilabada H.J sida Adan Madoobe iyo reer Daahir , inay ba kaga badnaayeen Daraawiish
labada jilib ee u leeyeey daraawiish bay ahaayeen. La yaab ma laha dadkani oo horaa loo
yidhi “Daarood kal naxduu leeyee kal xishoota ma laha”. Ingiriis oon dalkaba joogin
ayay Garxajis harooyinka Daroor, Gar Duur iyo ceelka Awaare ba qabsadeen 1865-1870
, laakiin malaa Jaalluu dagaanada la kala qaaday wuxu ka bartay Doollo iyo Caynaba.
Abdullaahi Hassan Rooble Guba buug kama qorin ee wixii uurka reerkiisa ku jiray ayuu
buug ku daabacay, Taleexdu leeyeey cid baa lagu weeraray iyo Midhisho iyo Jiidali iyo
Barran, Taleex iyo Barran ba waxa cods day in Daraawiish looga xoreeyo qabiilada Harti
oo ceelashoodii iyo daaqoodiiba Daraawiish ka xoogtay maatadoodiina u soo qaxeen
marsada Berbera , Maxamud Garaad, iyo Faarax Garaad ilaa duqoodii Cali dhuux waxa
loo soo qixiyay Berbera , Hagar Adan iyo Wacays Adan laga bilaabo 1903 sidu Ltd Kirk
buugiisa ku sheegay waxay u magan galeen Habar Yoonis Burco . Waxa taariikhahaas ka
markhaati kacaya “British House Of lords debate “ doodii dawlada Ingiriiska
baarlamaankeeda kaga doodeen waxay ku saabsanayd sidii looga badbaadin lahaa
Daraawiish maatada Dhulbahnate waxa ugu hal qabsi haboon dood Lord Ingiriisi ka
jeediyay Fadhiga Golaa Odayaasha ee Ingiriiska isagoo le
“ waxad ii sheegtaan waxay ku kala duwanyiin dadkaa Ingiriiska ee cashuurta (the
british tax payers” bixiya iyo reerka Dhulbahnate oo weligoodba ina jacana (our
freindly tribes), waa maxay sababtay dawlada ingiriiska uga cago jiidaysaa inay
horarka Mad Mullah ka difaacdo maatada berbera loo soo qixiyay ee Dhulbahnate”
1911 Debate of British House of lords.
Haday Daraawiish ahayd Isaaq Vs Daarood siday u dhigayaan Jaalayaasha kacaanku ,
Dhulbahnate uma soo qaxeen galbeed Sacad Yoonis iyo Muuse Ismaaciilna kumay hadhi
lahayn Jiidali iyo Midhisho, malaa jaalahan waxa ka qaldan inu dhulkaasi yahay dhul
Isaaq. Dhulbahnte baa taabcsanaa Daraawiish oo waxay ka soo qaxeen Daraawiish
Ingiirisna way u soo qaxeen !!! Isaaq baa Ingiriis taabcsanaa oo Midhisho iyo Jiidali bay
awood ku joogeen ??, waxaas oo dhan waxa burinaya dhacdada markii Daraawiish laga
saaray Taleex cida masharaxada la wareertay oo wada ahayd Daarood dhulkoodii looga
xoreeyay horarkii ina Cabdulle Xasan oo waatu Cali Dhuux ku lahaa tonkaad na haysay
waanu ka raysanay:
Tunka layma soo qaban tani iyo taadi dabadeede
Hadlkii la tuug-tuugi jiray waa ka toognahaye
Iyo
Waa lagu digtaa duul haduu kuu darnaan jiraye
Daaduunka ku dhacay aw Maxamed waa ku diirsadaye
Bal dayaay Wadaadkii waakaa sii dabayshadaye
Darmaan qalay wuxu duunyo offside’s
Wadaadku laftiisuba taas waa ka marag-kacayaa oo gabaygiisa Dardaaran ee waxyaabaa
badan lagu daro waaka arintaas mashaxarada iyo faraxada Daarood ku sheegaya inay
ayagu jabkiisii u qaateen xorinimo ay xoroobeen. Maadama dagaanada Isaaq (H.J iyo
H.Y) Daraawiish aanany weligood qabsan jabkii Daraawiish wax sidaa u weyn Isaaq
kuma soo kordhin .
Garbage enter
Waxa Guba iyo Taariikhdaas Hagoogane inagaga filan ragii goob-joog ka ahaa dhulkaas
la hantiyay , Gubana ka gabyay , waa Jaamac Xirsi Guuleed oo cajalad aad u qiimo badan
Ina Diiriye Caraale kaga duubay Jaamac oo gabobay 1974kii. Inkastoo aanu jirin nin
nolal ku soo gaadhay taariikhdii Guba marka laga reebo Ina Dube (Jaamac Xirsi
Guuleed) cajaladiisana u maqlay Jaallaa buuga qoray , hadana wuxu ka doortay ku-tiriku-
teentii Daaroodku isla dhex marin jiray ee ahayd “cali baa afka la qabtay” iyo
“gabay baa laga maqlay Makhaayad” . Jaamac wuxu yidhi Daraawiish oo markaas
haysatay dhulkan Doollo gaar ahaan ceelka Wardheer intay Daraawiish qoriga ka soo
jeediyaan labada Daar ee Wardheer ee Ilaalada ah ayaa wax alaale iyo wixii Ogaadeen ah
ee ceelkaas ka caba bartaas lagaga toogan jiray, Jaamac Xirsi wuxu yidhi Isaaq
Daraawiish bay dhulkan ka riixeen kana xoreeyeen ee Ogaadeen carada ma joogin oo
Daraawiish baa qixisay oo markay Habar Yoonis qabsadeen Doollo ayaabu Ogaadeenkii
la qixiyay dib u soo laabtay oo dib ceelsha uga cabeen , :
Nin dulmiyay Ogaadeen hadii cdi ka doonayso
Dunjigeeda Soomaali baad ugu darnaydeene
Duuflaal Wadaadkii noqdaad daawo ahaydeene
Idinkaa Danood iyo ka hiray degalladiisiiye
Daraatoole iyo Faafan oo wada duraabaya
Deegaanta haro oo dhan baad dacar ku dheehdeene
Deex iyo madheedhkaa baxaan goroyo daaqayne
Dixidii Qarandi waa taad qalfado dab u samayseene
Dubuqaad ka soo bedizen loogu degi waaye
Jeeraan daqiiqaha ka dhigay Dollo laga caagye
Darandoori loogama horayn dararkii Gaafoowe
Dukaanada waxa dhigay raggi dahay wadaadkiiye
Waxan ugu dabbaal degay markaan helay dallalkaase
Aan dirita kaga qaaday kii dawladda ahaaye
Xaqiiqaduna waa taas oo gabayada Guba ayaabay ku wada jiraan doodadaa lays
weydaarsanayo. Meel u Ingiriis iyo Sawaaxili cid intu shiriyay yidhi dhulka halaga riixo
iyo madaxa yaanay la soo kicina ma jirto ee waa khayaaligay ku murqaamaan qoloyaha
Jaale Daarood, oo nina ma jecla inu yidhaahdo waa nala jabiyay oo cudud iyo awood baa
nala dul saaray. Hadii hub laysa siiyo dhul lagu qabsan lahaa Abdullaahi Hassan Rooble
qoladiisaa ku qabsan lahayd oo hub qabiil Somali helo taariikhda Somali cidna kagamay
badnayn hubkay Daaroodku ka heleen Dawladii Afweyne , dhul ay ku qabsadaan iska
daayoo intii hore ay daganaayeen ayaabay ka haluuleen. Hadii hub-gaal darajo aanu
qabiil awal lahayn hominy , cid ka hub badnayd Majeerteen iyo Warsangali ma jirin
hadana weligood may dhaafin afarta cariish ee xeebaa Bandar Caluula.
Inkastoo dagaalada Daraawiish iyo reerka Isaaq ba iska yaraayeen oo reerka dhibta ku
hayeen ahaa isla Daaroodka, Duuflaalku hadana tiro dhowr guluf iyo dagaalo baa dhex
maray reero ka mid ah H.J iyo Garxajis ,tusaale geelii Dayax Weerer 1899kii iyo Geelii
Daboolane 1912 oo Dooxatadu reero iska dagan mirtay, dhanka kale na tiro ilaa 5
Goobood oo Isaaq kaga guulaystay xoolana ka qaaday Dooxatada ay ka mid ahaayeen
goobtii Caado 1917kii , goobtii Kal-Xoor . Geelaas Caado waxay Daraawiishtu ka
qaadeen reer Subeerka Ogaadeen aadna loogu laayay, markii la caydheeyay Ogaadeenka
ayuu ina Cabdulle Xasan gabay digosho ah weliba u raaciyay reeruhu caydheeyay :
Ogaadeenka Ciideed ma dhamo caano loo shubaye
Geelli cashuuraa lahaa coodidii helaye
Camankayga waxa loogu riday calaf Ilaahaye
Sidaa laguma dayne Ogaadeen xoolli laga dhacay waxa loo fadhiisiyay ceelka Caado oo
lagu cariyay inay ku soo dhacaan, Ogaadeen xoolihii kumay dhicin col aan la filayn oo
dhowr boqol oo fardoolay beesha Habar Yoonis ah ayaa geelii Daraawiishta ka gacan
maroojisay , Ina Cabdulle Xasan oo sidiisii marna caytamaya, marna calaacalaya ayaa
hadana yidhi:
Hashaan Habar-Siciid iyo hunbandii u weeraray
Hashaan haro u oodee nina se igu hulin
Hashaan huuro weynow Maxamed Zubeer ka hantiyay
Hashaan heybta reer Magan waxba aan u hanbayn
Walee maanta kii holay(H.Y) hoga dhiig kaga qoday
Goobaa kale waxa ka mid ahaa Ilko-Cad , Gebagabo iyo Kal-Xoor uguna danbeeyey
dagaalkii Hagoogane. Duulkaans waxay taariikhdu xustaa in markii la soo didiyey colkii
6da kun ahaa ee Daraawiish xoolii ugu badnaa taariikhda somalina la soo qaaday ayaa
raggi guulaystay kibir la hagoogteen , marna sababta waxa lagu tilmaamaa inay markii
labada col fooda is dareen si labada col ee tirada badan loo kala garto ayay Hagoogteen
ciidankii Xaaji Waraabe.
Almost before the ergo had voiced these sentiments there was to be striking proof of the
wisdom of their forecast. For a party of Khalifs Dervishes and Ogaden made a
successful raid on our tribes living near the southern frontier, driving off a large
number of stock and killing many men, women, and children. For some years past the
British Government had forbidden its tribes to raid the Ogaden in Abyssinian territory; but
the latter, uncontrolled by their Government, fyad been free to advance into British
territory and loot our tribes living near the frontier whenever they wished. On the whole,
our subjects had abided loyally by the Government order, but, in so far as they were by far
the stronger, it had naturally been most irksome to them to do so. They now decided that
the only course open to them was to advance in force against the u Dervish-Ogaden
elements and smash them before they could become a yet more serious menace.
Sida Secretray ga mustcamarada Ingiirsaba sheegay Douglas Jardin 1916-1921 qabiilada
Xuduuda Ethiopia daga (Garxajis) ayaaba ku dulmanaa maamulka Ingiiriska oo
sababtuna ahayd Garxajis duulaan Ogaadeen ku qaado na waa lagu mamnuucay ,
Ogaadeenka oo Xabashi hoos yaalay duulaankiisa dan kamay lahayn inay
xakamadeeyaan. Duulaankaas Khalifa iyo Ogaadeenkiisii ka dib waxay qabiiladu
go‟aansadeen inay markan hogooda ugu gali doonaan Ogaadeen iyo Daraawiishba .
All the responsible leaders were of this opinion, and when they approached the local
Government to ask if they might put their project into effect, there seemed to be no
further justification for adhering to a one-sided arrangement whereby our people,
though the stronger, were restrained by their Government from raiding across the
border while the Ogaden, free from all the shackles of civilised government and openly
hostile to us, were at liberty to attack British subjects in British territory as and when
they pleased. Consequently Akil Haji Mohammed Bullaleh, commonly known as Haji
Waraba, or the holy hyaena, on account of his truculent and martial qualities, was
allowed to organise a tribal army of some 3,000 Habr Yunis, Habr Toljaala, and
Dolbahanta fighting men. Towards the end of July, 1920, they reached the Mullah's
haroun at Gora'h, west of Shinileh, where the Mullah and some 800 Dervish and
Ogaden riflemen were concentrated. Khalif and the Mullah's eldest son Mahdi had but
recently died of the smallpox which was ravaging the district. The attack was delivered
at dawn.
Halkaas waxa ka cad inaanay wax shaqo ah ku lahayn Ingiriis qabaailkii guutada Hagoogane
isu keenay oo ay been xaaraan ah tahay waxay sheegaan jaalyaashaa Daarood, laakiin
dawalada Ingiriiska oo awal dagaalada lagu qaado Ogaadeen mar kaste hor joogsan jiraty
xoolaa laga soo qaadana dib u calin jirtay markan way iska indho tireen duulkaanay
qaadayaan qabaailku.
Colki Hagoogane dawlad Ingiirsna shaqo kuma lahayn qabaailkii ay awal ka hir jogtay
duulaan ay ku qaadaan dhulka Ogaadeen ayay se markan fasxaday oonay hor joogsan
siday awal u hor joogsan jirtay oo xataa marmarka qaarkood xoolaa Ogaadeenka laga
qaado loo celin jiray sidii kuwii Xaaraama-Cuno. Ciidanka waxa loo abaanduuleeyay
Xaaji Waraabe 3000 oo H.Y iyo H.J iyo Dhulbahnate ah goor subax hore ah ayuu coolkii
soo galay Qoraxay.
Ciidankaas waxa ka mid ahaa 12 gabayaa iyo 20 faaliye sidu u soo wariyay
taariikhyahnkii Xaaji Maxamuud Daallin (1868-1990), habeen ba nin ayuu Xaaji waraabe
odhan jiray gabay habeena nin baa faalin jiray. Ciidankaas oo dhex ku soo jira oo ka soo
kicitimay Buhoodle .
Colkii "Daraawiishta" oo ayagana imitaankoodii Qoraxay ku beegnaa colka Buhoodle ka
soo duulay, ayaa waxay la soo dageen beeshii gabayaagii Qamaan Bulxan Qamaan
Bulaxan iyo reerkiisuba la col bay ahaayeen Dooxatada oo sanadkii Dayuuradaa waakii
Qamaan Bulxan iyo Xarbi Dheere Ba dhaantada u ciyaarayeen sarkaalkii Ingiriisiga ee
Carshe Dheere Qamaan maalintaas wuxu ku heesay taageeraday Ingiriiska u hayaan
isagoo le:
Raggi Qoraxay iyo Qalaafoo jiroo
Qamaan u hormood-yaahan nahaye
Daraawiish raggii ka diiday colkoo
Dagaal ka horjeediyaan nahaye
Ragaan ka baqayn balaayada oo
Badheedh u beer dhigaan nahaye.
Sidii ololka iftiin badanow
Caarshow wiil amiiraad tahaye
Sidii onkodkii arkaa baxayaa
Dhaandhaamo afkoodii weeyaan
Daraawiish raggii ku duuli jiroo
Deldeler doorarkoodii baanu nahay
Taleex ninka degay ku deyn meynee
Annana waan ku daafacaynaa
Inu Xarbi xoolo gabay cuno
Xalaalnimo kuma istaahilo
Ninkii cududlaa ciyaari karee
Caleen iyo ubax carfoon badanbaa
Caarshoo mudan caawa loo sidaye
Ninkii calan le baa caweyn karayee
Ingiriis cududiisu weynaa.
Dhaantaas Qamaan Bullxan iyo Ogaadeen waxay ka daadagi wayday Aw Jaamac iyo
Idaajaa , bari dhawayd ayuu Axmed Idaajaa ku daray arintaas in Qamaan u ku xigay Cali
Jaamac Haabiil oo isna tiriyay baraanburkii “ Sidii Habar Dhali Weyday” isagoo weliba
hore cajoled ku dubay inu baraanburkaasi ahaa 1956 , ayaa sidu Qamaan Bullxan arinta
uga duwo ayuu Cali Jaamac Haabiil oo noolaynba 1919kii ku masabiday baraanburkaas u
isagu alifay.
Markii Qoraxay laysugu yimi ayaa iyadoo la wada cawaynaayo ayaa Duufalaal ina
Cabdulle Xasan yidhi "waar anaku hadaanu nahay reer Taleex weys naago-niqiine
qoladiinan reer Qorraxay dumarkiina tee u qurux-badan"
Duufaaflka oo ku caan baxay dumarka faraa badan oo hadba gabadhu damco ninkeeda ka
qaada oo markaas ilaa 32 dumar ah wuxu furay iyo wax u qabayba lagu ogaa ayaa marku
hadlakaas yidhi qoladii Ogaadeenkii yara aamuseen, nin isla beesha dagaanka ah baa ugu
jawaabay "saydidii" naag waxa noogu qurux badan Naado Buraale, dee Naadana adaaba
qaba" Duuflaalkii baa yidhi " waar Naado waa laydin ogyahaee yaa kale" nin la odhan
jiray Gaashaan baa markaas yidhi "sayidii" laguu waran:
Gaashaan wuxu yidhi:
Qoraxay badhtankeeda iyo
Billaadkan naagaha jooga
Bilcaan reero qabaan iyo
Carmal waa hore la buubshiyo
Inan feedha baarkiyo
Boojaal weyn iyo dhoocil
Isu soo bixiyo
Barni sheekh Cabdillaa
Bilaadkan u qurxoon
Cadaanta wa bil Iftiinta
Guduudka waa Barni luula
Dhararka iyo baaxda joogta
Geri weeye bidhaanto
Timuhu waa bulay-cad
Cirridku waa bad madow
Laxaadkeeda balaadhan
Marka ay babacdee
Bidixda laafiyo qurxoon
Baxaaligeeda hanaanka
Dabciga loo boholoyoobo
Marka aad barato
Biligeeda hufnaanta
Edebtaa lagu beeray
Aduunku waa wax balaadhane
Hadii aad dhex butaacdo
Il iyo baal kama qaadid
Barni sheekh maqalkeeda
Barigee kuugu horreysay
Markuu Gaashaan tixida dhameeyay baa Duuflaalkii yidhi Barni Sheekh yey u dhaxday ,
marku yiqiinsaday inay u dhaxday Qamaan, buu hadana yidhi isagoo Qamaan la hadlaya
" Adigu Qamaanow gaal baad tahay oo meher kuuma qabtee maad naagta ii
keentid" Qamaan baa intu naxay yidhi " sayidii hada Muslin Daraawiish ah baan
ahay" Duuflaalkii baa yidhi " bal aan naagta kuu daayee horta i tus" Qamaan oo tallo ku
ciirtay baa qiil wuxu ka dhigtay cudur isagoo geeraaraya
Qamaaan Bulxan wuxu yidhi
Saydidii cudur seexshaa
dadka oo soconaayiyo
fantaa saabatay reerkee
Beriga uu safku dhaafee
Caafimaad nala siiyaan
Taa ku soo tusayaaye
Ha ahaato sidaase
Sayidii ma sugnaa?
Qamaan habeenkaas wuxu ku talo goostay inu geeliisa iyo xaaskiisba la goosto oo
ciidanka Daraawiishta ee hadheeyey ina Cabdulle Xasana dul dhigay reerka dhinacuun u
dhaafo oo si uun uga baxsado. Ilaahay amarkii dhanka kale colkii Hagoogane ayaa
Qoraxay soo dul fadhiistay, Xaaji Waraabe oo ilaaladiisii ilaalinayso ayaa raggi gabayaa
ahaa isugu wada yeedhay iyo raggi faalin jirayba wuxu xaaji Waraabe yidhi " raggi gabyi
jirow caawaa gabayga idinku danbaysa caawa bahalkaa sumad ku dhig , raggi faalin
jirowna bahalkaaga sumad ku dhig , maxaa yeelay bari waxaynu is galaynnaa Huwan iyo
Daraawiish caawa nin walawba waxba hala hadhin" nin baa kacay la odhan jiray Dhaban
Leexshe wuxu yidhi " caawaan sheegayaa ninkii i watay, halkay nimankaasi wax
dhigeena eri dhigi maayo, murankaanu diidayaayoo cidlaan u kacayaa muran l'a ah"
1- aroorta markaynu dareerno ee dhabadaa marayno garanuugta lamaan ee dhasha wadata
ee xagaafka ordaysa ee guutada meel ay ka dhaafto weyday sii daaya hayna dhaaftee.
2- midna waa muran l'a , markaynu taas dhaafno ee xarunta in yar u jirno qaalinta madow
ee dhagaa go'an ee abeerka ah ee geela xarunta fadhiiya ka soo fool dhacday, hashaasna
sii daaya hayna dhaaftee
3-midna muran la weeye, markaynu xarunta galo dameerka madow ee marku in arko
danaaniyi doona ee xarunta kicin doona nin boqor ah oo madax ahoo madi ah ayuu
durayaa, xabada ugu horaysa Xaaji Waraabow dhafoorka kaga dhufo. Gabayagaai
Gamuute wuxu yidhi habeenkaas:
Ilaahii i abuurayee
Illaliinka ahaa iyo
Udgoonoow Nebigii
afartii amaranaa
awowgay sheekh Isxaaqow
arrinkaan la tiraabo
Aqbalkiisa i sii
Eeraaney ku kaxaynay
Asluubey ku xabbaadhnay
Arbow Xaaji Waraabe
haddaan geela Awaadho
Haddaan Oohow idhaahdo
Illintuu ka gelaayo
Haddaan Oodda ka jiido
Haddii Eebbe ku siiyo
Markaas aad aragtaan
Hashaan geela ka aawo
In lay (iiri) doono
Axdigeeda i sii
Ugub weeye guduudanoo
Aydhin weeye maqaarloo
Ayaamii Toddobkiibay
Awr madow ka qaleenoo
Afarteeda Iboodna
Sidii Laas la af gooyey
uun dhabay harqisaa.
3dexdii arimood ee faalayaa markii la arkay ee labadii col is galeen , ayaa sidii caadada u
ahayd ina Cabdulle Xasan firdhaday isagoo dhaawac ah oo dhaawax halkaas naaska
dabaddii ka gaadhay, colkiisiina kala yaacay, gidii maalintii wuxu maadhiinku
qalceeyaba
Isla markii dagaalku bilaabay Xaaji Waraabe isagoon dhinaca eegin ayuu toos u weeraray
hoygii Ina Cabdulle Xasan oo aqalkiisii daaha ka jaray oo u galay:
All who stood and fought were killed by our tribal army; and some 60,000 head of stock
and 700 rifles, numbers which give some idea of the growing strength of the Dervish-
Ogaden concentration, were afterwards brought back into British territory. At the first
onslaught, Haji Waraba himself, anxious to win the price set on the Mullah's head, had
made straight for the Mullah's hut only to find that its occupant had fled. He must,
however, have been taken very much by surprise : for his tea was still hot in its cup and
his skull cap lay beside it on the ground. After calling upon the riflemen to hold up the
attack until he had had time to get away, he had galloped out of the camp with a few of his
intimates, intent as usual on saving his own skin.*
Inkastoo dharagu dabka u saarnaa oo u qaxwo u cabayay weli kululaa koofiyad u
xidhanaana meesha taalay , ina Cabdulle Xasan oo ilaahay hibo gaar ah oo dada
shilis siin ku manaystay ayaa isagoo weliba faraskiisa fuuli Karin ilaa la saaro
mooyaane hadana baxsaday siday caadadu ahayd.
Qamaan col soo duulay ayuu ku badbaaday Barni intu gacanta qabsaday isagoon xoolana
haleelin isna cararay. Markii xaruuntii la qabsaday Daraawiish ku sheegiina laga dhigay
waxa dhintay iyo wax carary ayaa Gamuute ku soo laabtay Xaaji Waraabe isagoo baadi
goobaya hashii Gabayaaga oo ka luntay kana raacday xoogaagii Dhulbahnate ee ku jiray
guutada Hagoogane,Gamuutaa yidhi " inadeerow Xaaji Waraabe , aduun waa yaabe ,
hashii aad ogayd waxay iga raacday colkii Dhulbahnate bay iga raacday, inadeer hadii la
guuro ka xulan kari maayee, Col igu dar aan kala dhex baxee". Xaaji Waraabe ayaa intu
laba nin amray yidhi "Ismaaciil Faarax Waab iyo Xaaji Khalaf waxad tidhaahdaan , bari
nin guuraa ma jiro ninkaas 100 nin oo dab le ha raacaan ,ardaa wal oo dhulbahnate ah
halaga baadho," markii hashii la helay ayaa isagoo qoslaya Xaaji Waraabe ku yidhi
Gamuute "abaahaa la janeeye hada maxaad odhan lahayd adaa hashii lumiyee"
markaasuu Gamuute yidhi:
Gaanniga Waraabe iyo hashaan guuriska u soocnay
Raggii wada gammuurraa hashuu golongolee dhuubtay
Gaadiidka xoogga leh hashii garabku iimoobey
Gurguurrshaa awrka ah hashii Galawga loo taabtay
Gahaydhkii Dannood iyo hashaan gudurigaw ruugey
Gaaliyo hashaan ula col baxay gaasamo is raacay
Wixii gacal cid ii xigey hashaan goonni uga duuley
Nin xigaaladii gaanji tahay geel ma saanyado'e
Solamadow hashaan ula gedbaxay Gulufki reer Daahir
Guutada faraa badan hashii goob isugu keentay
Galaayuuska subaxdii hashuu Galawgu dhiillaabay
Feedhaha hashaan uga guntaday gocor ma yeeleene
Gurraati iyo haddaan Hara-Digeed Gocay horuu dhaafshey
Geyigiiba waxa iiga hadhay galab carrawtiine
Anigoo gacmaa laabtayoo gibil madow yeeshay
Mar haddii raggaa ila ged ihi geeyo halihiisa
Gadhcaddihii adoogay ahaa way garnaqayaaye
Markaan gurigi geeyana Libaax geesta haw rido e
Guullow Allahayoow hashaa galabta hay seejin
Guutadii Hagoogane waxay soo dhiciyeen xoolii Daraawiish somali ka dhacayeen 20ka
sanadood eey lahaayeen Gaalaanu la dagaalamaynay oo dhamayd 50,000 oo neef
iskugana jirta geel, lo' iyo fardaba. Ina Cabdalle Xasan wuxu u cararay xagaa iyo Iimey
oo ka dib gabadh 14 jir ah ku guursaday qabayna ilaa 6 bilood dhawaacii Hagoogane uga
dhintay (gabadhu waxay 2005kii ku noolayd Beledweyn ayadoo d'a ah sheegtayna inu
dhaawacaas u dhintay mar laga waraystay internet ka " Jamaad Cabdule Xasan oo ina
Cabdulle Xasan walaashii ah iyo Naado Buraaladii ugu qurux badnayd xaasaskiisa marku
ka carary waxa qasab ku guursaday sultaankii Oromada oo waatu Xuseen Dhiqle ka
tirinayo gabayga "Qeyb Libaax" ee calaacalka ah, Xuseen markii Jaamaad iyo Naado oo
ahayd xaaskii ina Cabdule Xasan midna walaashii ahayd ka cararay ayuu Xuseen Dhiqle
oo jeclaa Jamaad la baxsaday oo magan u noqddeen Oromda Caruusiga ah, maalintii
danbe ayaa loo soo geed fadhiistay labadii naagood , Xuseen ooy ogyiin Oromadu inaanu
ninka u magan ka ah naagaa u diidi karin baa gabayga Qeyb Libaax ku calaacalay
markay kaxayatseen labadi naagood Caruusuu, Xuseen wuxu yidhi:
Qiyaashow libaax baa dhurwaa, qaybi yidhi soore
Wuxuu yidhi hilbaha jeex bal qabo, qoon dhan baan nahaye
Markaasuu qabbabaalihii, qoonsadoo dilaye
Dharbaaxuu il kaga qaadayoo, hoor ka soo qubaye
Afqashuushle goortuu dhintuu, sii qataabsadaye
Qambaruursi iyo oohin buu, qoon dunuunucaye
Dawacuu kolkaa soo qabsaday, sida qisaaseede
Iyadoo qadhqadhi buu ilkaha, qoorqabkii xoqaye
Wuxuu yidhi qanjaafula xumeey, tali qaddaarkaaga
Adeer gacalle qaar iyo dalool, qaaxo iyo feedho
Qummud iyo baruuriyo legiyo, qawdhihii kuruska
Kuu wada qorsheeyeye Islow, neefka wada qaado
Markaasuu wixii qaday qabsaday, qoobab kadafleeye
Wax la yidhi qabiil ma leh dayooy, qayliyaha aare
Innagoo quruun dhanna maxaa, qado inoo diiday?
Qacdii hore haddaan dayey kobtii, weerku sii qulushay
Badhbaa kuu qisma ah waa wuxuu, eeday qaar yare
Aniguna qudhaasaan ahoo, lay qulqulateeye
Duqii noo qab weynaa wakaa, qooqa loo dilaye
Qaddaarkii Illaah iyo Rabbaan, quud ka sugayaaye
Qudhaydaan u yaabaye miyaan, idin qasaarteeyey
War ma anoon qudraba haynin baa, qamash ka soo waaqsan?
Anna qayb libaax weeye taad, igu qasbaysaane
Dadka igu qoslaayiyo kobtaan, ka qalbi diidaayo
Qadayeey adduunyo uma socon, waad i qaharteene
Qadankii dariiqiyo haddaan, qaniimadii waayey
Labadii qofee nagaga hadhay, qaafadii dumarka
Tii quruxda roonayd hadday Cali, la qooqayso
Qudhoo kaliya baa nagu hadhoo, qalabku noo yiile
Tana qaata Naadaba ragbay, qaac u shidataaye
Jamaad Cabdulle Xasan oo dhinacna duraysa reerka Naado Buraale (khalaf Yuusuf ooy
iskugu yimaadaan jilibada reer warfaa, Amaadin iyo Maalin-guurku) kuna tuhmaysa
markiiba inay Oromadii u godlatay ayaa gabay ay ku sheeganayso waxay tabanayso oo
iskugu jira shuruuda guurkeeda iyo ayay Xuseen Dhiqle oo baqdin awgeed Oromadii
gacanta ka saaray faraysa tidhi Jamaad cabdulle Xasan:
Xuseenow qof meel laga hayoo maadsan baan ahaye
Murugaa igu raagtayoo qalbigu wey madwayahaye
Mid yaroon ku faro iiga gee madaxada reer Dhaadhi
Mudaday shiraan iyo ka wari madasha geedkooda
Axmed iyo Mukhtaar iyo u sheeg qoonka Maxamuuda
Xasan iyo Qiyaash-Maash abtow dhab ugu maaweeli
Malaw dhimo'e reer Muxumadow waa i moogtahaye dhe
Maxaad igu mu'ahateen sidii Naado miis darane
Magaceed ba' falan baad hesheen oo muraadoah'e
Malaamida Khalaf Yuusuf baad igu maslaysaane
Marwo aabahay dhalay dad weys midho yaqaanaaye
Ninkii aniga ii muhanayow ma ihi caynkaase
Waxan ahay qof godobtiisa maqan miiyeydeed qabo'e
Ee murdad baan habeen iyo dharaar meel la doobnahaye
Macno ma laha xaajada sidaad milicsanaysaane
Maroor kuma godlado goodirkaan micnayn igadh'e
Inkastoo mudaahanada warqado laygu madadaasho
Maqli maayo guur reer Dhaadhi maalik maa jiro'e
Macbuudkii uuntaa qadiray moogan sidan ahaye
Majnuun waalan baan samir aqoon mood haduu helo'e
Mishmishiikhsigii iyo ka tagay milif ka boodkiiye
Magac iyo martabo loo xusho iyo muuno ina Admi
Muquunabay caawaaba hadaad igu murmaysaane
Magantiina goortaan noqday idin miciin mooday
Markab jabay sidiisii weydinkii noo mohoobiyeye
Maatada dabkii laga dhacay iyo maalka noo celiya
Waxay gobi ku maamulan jirtay waa milgo ee yeela
Muslin idinka kii naga xigsada meesha laga waaye
Marantaan idiin noqonayaa hadaan helo muraadkay'e
Marxaba baan la taaganahay hadaan layga maarmayne
Waxan qoraalkan dheer ku soo gabagabaynayaa wax dada qaarkiina la fajacaan dada
qaarkiina qosol ka keena , oo ah heerkay la marayso Jaale Axmed cibaadada qabyaalada
Daaroodismka ah, isagoo ka sheekaynaya dhimashadii ina Cabdulle Xasan wuxu yidhi :
” Subax ayuu xanuunsaday fiidkiina naftii bay kala tageen ka dibna waxa lagu
aasay buurta Sarmaayo ee Iimay. Mudo ka dib ayaa wuxu Ingiriisku soo diray
niman u safar ku magacaabay oo u safar ka dhigay , oo u yidhi lafii iyo qalfooftii
Sayidka soo bixiya , markii la maqalay ayaa qolfoofii xabaasha waxa ka saaray
nimankii Caruusada madax u ahaa ee reer Dhaadhi, oo Xaaji Isaaq Dhaadhi u ka
mid ahaa oo Xamar nala joogay 1970 iyo 1980gii meesha Leegada ee Walanweyn,
raggi ka saaray waxay yidhaahdeen wax iska badalay ina ma jirin jidhkiisii iyo
lafaihiisii , mararka qaarkood inu noolyahay ayaanu moodaynay”.
From this time onwards the movements of the Mullah became difficult to ascertain.
He seems to have wandered for some time, but eventually he settled down at Guano
Imi, a hill, half a day's march from Imi, at the head waters of the Webbi Shebeli in
the Arussi country. Here he arrived with some three or four hundred followers in
October, 1920. Feverishly, they built thirteen forts which they made as strong as
possible. As soon as the Fitaurari, commanding the nearest Abyssinian garrison,
heard of the arrival of the party, he sent one of his officers to ascertain who the
invader might be, and why he had entered Abyssinian territory. The Mullah
received the officer well, and said that he had been beaten in battle by the British
and had come to Abyssinia for protection. He sent the Fitaurari four rifles and a
revolver as presents and asked for some provisions in exchange. But none were
forthcoming and the Mullah's messengers were thrown into chains. Then sickness,
probably influenza, and famine fell on the Mullah's camp and on the 23rd
November, 1920, he himself died after six days' illness. He was buried in a hut, a
small tomb with a dome being erected over his body, the doors and windows of the
building being then filled in with bricks. Most of his remaining followers died of
sickness and hunger at the same time ; and the few that were left are said to have
dispersed after his death to eke out a precarious livelihood by begging.
Wadaadkii Cadceed iyo cadceed laga cabsoonaayay
Isagoo carrtiisa qaba cidana taataaban
Qabiil kale ciyaar uma dhaceen culus hashiisiiye
Guutada camuudka ah kolkii ciiciiro loo galiyay
Caamir hooyadii iyo kolkay calastu ooyaysay
Waakii Caruusaha u galay caydhkii barigiiye
Nimankii calqadaa ka riday ma cid kalaad mooday
Hadaba qabaailkii Somali iyo Daraawiish yaa gar darnaa? Idaajaa wuxu yidhi Somali oo
dhan baa qaldanayd oo waxa saxsanaa daaquudkaaaas dhiiga iyo xoolaa umada
xalaalaystay, horaa loogu maah-maahay “wadar iyo waxed kumara waalan” , Ingiriiskan
belaayada laga dhigayo sidu dalka u yimi, xoog kuma qabsan ee hadaba goobtii u
heshiiska qabaailka kula galay ayuu soo dagay, ka dibna dhulkii nidaam iyo kala danbayn
somalidu u baahnayd ayuu u yeelay, dagaamada xeebaa ee Ingiriisku xukumaayay kama
dhici jirin qabiil awood le inu sidu doono ka yeelo qabiilada yaryar, at ugu weyn ee
meessha taalayna waxa weeye Somali ma ara baahi loo qabo nin aad adigu keentay iska
xorayntiisa.
Aw Jaamac Cumar Ciise iyo Idaajaa Daraawiish miyay buunbuunin lahaayeen hadaanu
hogaankeeda haysan lahayn nin Daarood ah? Waa maya Kawabata , Xarakada Al-
Shabaab iyo Daraawiishtii 100ka sanadood ka hor ahayd wax alaale iyo waxay
ficiladuudu ku kala duwanyiin ma jirto, waxa laba odhan karaaba Al-Shabaab ayaaba ka
“jihaad” roon oo Al-Shabaab dad ay wax siiyaan mooyaane xoolo iyo geel umada ayagoo
boobaya lama arag. Hadana waa mustaxiil inaad aragtid Aw Jaamac ama Idaajaa oo
amaanaya al-shabaab oo hogaanka u hayaan niman aan Daarood ahayn.
Cajalada codka ah ee Idaajaa difaaca Ina Cabdulle Xasan ku duubay qiiro-jabaan
mooyaane wax xaqiiqooyin ah oo u daliil ah manage Wadaadka Idaajaa wuu soo
bandhigi kari waayay, doodihiisa waxa ka mid ahaa inaanu Wadaadku xoolaa umada
dhici jirinba , waa yaab wuxu ninkaas madaxu cadaaday ku doodayo, ina Cabdulle Xasan
ku faanka variant sawtan gabaydiisa ka buuxda:
Nijaaskaan shalay mudmuday waa maqdinkoodiiye
Muusnowga Caynaashe waa mahad ilaalhiiye
Marasdii Berbera hawla kaceen Maatadaan dhacaye.
Ninka waxaas ku faanaya ee kibirka noocaas ah ka muuqday ayuu Idaajaa cajaladiisa ku
yidhi “ halala ooyo Ina Cabdulle Xasan oo halala qiiroodo” intu gabaygiisii Gudban
xoogaa tiriyay , eesh calaa qiira waa halki dhanxiire.
Ina Cabdulle Xasan isagoo fadhanfadh ka liita oo is xabaalay oo baxsad ah oo dumarkiisii
Oromo ku duul guaranty ayadoo raaliya waliba Naado Buraale oo daiquiri uurka weynaa
ka ray stay ayuu ku dhintay meel cidlo ah, kuwa maanta kaas tabayaa waa isla kuwa
tebaya Dawladii Afweyne Bare, ma kala hadhaan labada Maxamed.
Waxay reerka Aw Jaamac iyo Idaajaa (Daarood) iyo reerkayga (Isaaq) anigaygan
qoraaga ah, ku kala dawning reerka Daarood ma waayo daaquut ay daba nashleeyaan ka
dibna ay la qaxaan ooy la daaduumaan , sida labadaas Maxamed iyo Cabdilaahi Yuusuf
oo imika lagu hayo Yemen isagoo u eekaaday “Darculla-vampier” wax aanad u arkayn
Isaaq cidla ku daaduuma, Isaaq nin tuug ah ma daba nashleeyaan oo Isaaq ninkooda xun
waa ka hadhaan ama dada waa ka qabtaa, arki maysid Isaaq ku naaloonaya daalinka Ina
Godane ama hadal hayaba, sidaas awgeedna Risaldar Muuse Xaaji Faarax (waxan
dawlada Somaliland ka codsanayaa ina taalo loogu dhiso Xaajiga Taleexdu
xoreeyay) isagoo karaamadaysan ayaa sidii boqor logu aasay Burco , ina Xajii
Ibraahim Cigaalna loogu aasay Berbera, Afweyne iyo Ina Cabdulle Xasana ayagoo
baxsad ah ayaa Somali ugu war danbaysay.
Daarood baraanburay haduu dux iga qaadaayo
Dhaaxeeey habaar dareersheen dic iyo waayeele
Dakhar nimu ku yaal waa gartii inu dawaamaaye
Dameerkuba dushoo laga rartuu dookhad kiciyaaye
Duunyaduu ugu liitaye si kale uma dinaahsheene.
Hayska dinaaheeyaan Aw Jamaac iyo Idaajaa.
Wa Salaamu Calaykum Wa Raxmatallaa Wa Barakaatu.
Kayse Jaamac
gusuf78@hotmail.com