YOUTUBE KA DAAWO VIDEO KU SAABSAN BEESHA BIIMAAL DIR
BARAANBUR
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Tisj3AvKExY&feature=topics
http://www.youtube.com/topic/_hP-4KSpVlo/dir
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ATbRTDlvK8I&feature=topics
notabili-indigeni-bimaal dir
The Biimaal is a subclan
of Dir and “the Dir are
the oldest and least
cohesive of the Somali
clans. Their original
homeland in
northwestern Somalia
was the starting point for
the subsequent
southward expansion of
the nomadic Somali clans.
The Dir comprise four
sub-clans; the Issa and the
Gadabursi who still live in
the northwestern Somalia
and neighbouring areas
of Ethiopia and Djibouti,
the Bimaal on the coast
of Southern Somalia, and
the Gadsen subclan of
bimal along the Jubba
valley, Ethiopia and
Kenya.” (Jane’s, 28. Mai
2008)
The Bimaal clan is a major
clan in what is today
settle in lower Shabelle,
lower Jubba, Bakool and
Gedo. Today they are the
most numerous ethnic
group in Somalia, settling
the most populated area
from Mogadishu to
kismayo, and roughly are
estimated of over 2
million people. In
addition, large numbers
of Biimaal subclans are
also found in Kenya and
Ethiopia. Their language,
is Somali and Hamatic
language; more
specifically 80% of their
language content is
Arabic, 90 percent of
biimal can read and write
Arabic language. The
Biimaal or (Jamal) has
three Brothers (1) Isaaq
Mohamed and (2)
Bajamal Mohamed and
(3) Dabrube Mohamed.
The real name of Bimal is
JAMAL, but nicknamed as
‘Bimal’ meaning ‘being
handsome’ in Arabic, or
‘purified’ in Urdu. The
Biimaal clan ascends to
Mohamed known as
Ahmed in Somaliland, and
then ascend to Dir ethnic
group to Aqiel bin-
abittalib. descendant:
Biimaal(Jammal)
Mohamed/Ahmed -
Xiniftire – Mahad – Dir – Aji
- Irir – Samaale – Hiil -
Abroone to Aqil – Ttahlib.
BIMAL SUBCLANS
AND FAMILY TREE
The Biimaal clan has five
major subclans, whose
there mnemonics is:
DHSWW and Uncle
Dabruube: the bimal
family tree is as
following:
The Mathigaan or
Madigaan is a sub subclan
of Dabrube, the Subclan
of Biimaal, and is one of
the tribes that inhabits in
Ethiopia and Somaliland.
Historically, the
Mathigaan were mainly
pastoral and farmers who
separated from other
Bimal in nearly 400 years
ago, however, the record
of written documents and
inherited information
from ancestors is well
reserved in lower
shabelle. The Dabrube
tribes lived in different
parts of somalia and
Ethiopia, but they each
had their history and
blood connected.
Gaadsan (or Gadsan) is
one of the subclan of
Biimal who is mainly
inhabit in Ethiopia, Kenya
and Somalia, but largely
found in Ethiopia. In
Ethiopia Gaadsan clans
reside three districts: the
Af-dher district (Jarrati,
Waladaya, Doolow and
Guuredhamole), Godey
district (Iimey and Boola),
and Gashamo district
(Nusdariiq, Marsin,
Kabtinuur and
Qabridhare). There is also
other large group of
Gaadsan, known as
Gaadsan-Qalaawileey in
Shabelle and Jubba
regions, living with other
Biimals group. In Kenya
there is a third division of
Gaadsan, known as
Gaadsan-Kenya, found in
many cities such as
Bangal, Garseeni, •and
Hoolla.
The History of
Bimal
During 1600-1900
century, the Biimaal
monarchy was one of the
most powerful tribe in
east Africa ruling the cost
of benadir to keyan
border and had been
trading with mascut
sultanate. During the 18
century, the geledi clan
was the second powerful
clans in Somalia, who
were ruling large
territory in southern
somalia. The port of
Mogadishu was practically
autonomous, the
Zanzibar sultans’
authority, like their
customs officials, came
and went with the
monsoons. The
hinterland of Mogadishu
was controlled by the
Geledi clan, whose
sultans contracted
alliances with many other
clans in the region
between the Shebelle and
juba rivers. Through
much of the century, the
geledi alliance dominated
the ivory trade that ran
from luk on the upper
juba to Mogadishu; the
geledi sultans also
collected tribute from
the agricultural clans
along the Bay and Bakool
as far south as Bu’alle.
Only the powerful bimal
clan, situated in the
hinterland of merka,
succeeded in resisting the
geledi hegemony and
overthrowing their rulers
in Mogadishu and. The
sultans of Zanzibar, in the
meantime, were forced
to respect the authority
of the Bimal rulers.
(Africa in the nineteenth
century until the 1880)
From 18th to 19th
centuries, the Biimaal
kingdom played a major
role in Somali History.
Under Italian colony,the
Biimaal people opposed
against the occupation of
Italian regime, and
severely fought against
them. During that time,
thousands of Biimal
warriors lost their lives to
stop the invaders to
reach somali soil. The
Biimaal Kingdom built
large castles in the cost
of Benadir, lower
shabelle and juba to
protect somali shores
and for trading strategy.
In 1895-1902, the Italian
leaders tried many times
to negotiate a land deal
with Bimal king. In 1903,
about 2000 Bimalis and
800 Italian soldiers were
killed when they
attempted to destroy
these obstacles against
Italian interests which also
caused many Italian lives.
Though many biimalis
armies got killed, but
they still insisted to
protect Somali shore.
After long bloody battles,
the Italian leader sleeked
alliance with other Somali
tribes which finally
destroyed Bimalis forces.
According Muslim
Brotherhoods in
Nineteenth-Century
Africa, Cambridge
University Press
(Martin, 1977)”’ , the
bimal clan were living
between the port of
marka and the Webi
shebelli. The bimal had
long resisted the Italians,
largely because the
Italians had abolished
slavery in their district.
The bimal used many
slaves to cultivate their
lands along the webi
shebelli, another point of
conflict was continuing
Italian penetration, which
the bimal had opposed
since 1896. They had also
besieged an Italian
garrison at marka 1904
and ambushed and
attacked their enemies
repeatedly. From 1903
on, there was contact
between the sayyid and
the bimal, moreover, the
salihia had a sufi center in
bimal territory headed by
a Shaykh abdi gafle, who
could through the evil
eye, transform men into
animals, or change bullet
into water, the sayiid sent
advice and guidance to
the bimal and problarbly
weapons as well . Even
so, the bimal clan was
finally overcome by the
Italians 1908, when a
number of bimal chiefs
had to go to Mogadishu
to make their submission
to the tialian governor.
The guidance sent by the
was the risalat al bimal,
which is a s statement of
the sayyid’s ideas of jihad,
relations with the
unbelievers, and other
points which will be
discuss below. The timing
and the content of the
risalah also show very
clearly that the sayyid saw
the illig convention as
tactical maneuver. Later
he would take up and
lead the jihad again. His
advice to the bimal on
the necessity and
significance of jihad
follow these lines.
The Biimaal and Benadiri
in Merka, Lower Shabelle
According to Danish
Refuge council, the
predicament of Oday
(2006).The old sultanate
of the Biimaal around
Merka has all but
disappeared. Since their
defeatto the Italians, the
lineage of the
Biimaal Suldaan has lived
a quiet existence.
Furthermore,the Biimaal
people suffered a heavy
set-back during the civil
war as much of their
land wastaken over by
non-resident Hawiye
coming from northern
regions, and many
Biimaal either fled or
was killed. Today, the
Suldaan is still the highest
rank for the Biimaal in
and aroundMerka, and in
Jaamame, where many
Biimaal also reside.After
the civil war the Biimaal
revived their xeer
system. For example, the
first attempt tocreate
more peace and security
in Merka area involved a
meeting of traditional
elders whoestablished
the first new xeer
between them. Each
district then established a
committee of elders and
intellectuals with the
purpose of overseeing
the peace on one hand,
and tointerlocute with
international
humanitarian agencies on
the other in order to
addresssocial welfare
issues. However, they did
not have military or
strong policing power,
whichmeant that they
could not handle the
armed freelance militias
who erected
extortiveroadblocks and
who were outside the
control of the traditional
leaders. Prior to the
civilwar, all Biimaal paid
mag together. However,
after the complexities of
the civil war, eachsub-
clan formed its own mag
-paying group! This is
perceived as a good
development, be-cause it
gives more pressure to
the most immediate
family to control its
members as mag
becomes more
expensive when it is a
smaller group that has to
pay it. The migration of
the Biimaal is thought to
have begun some 700
years ago due to
conflicts with the Danakil
(in the present area of
Djibouti). The migration
process towards the
south took some five
centuries. Now the
Biimaal has resided in the
present area for the last
2-300 centuries
According to The Price of
Peace: Somalia and the
United Nations
1991-1994, the Biyamal
are the majority clan in
the Lower Shebelle
(Gilkes 1994, 144). Gilkes
distinguishes between the
northern Dir and the
southern Dir and notes
that although the Biyamal
were known for their
struggle against the
Italians, as a southern Dir
group, they “were
previously
ignored.” (144). Gilkes
states that the Dir and
particularly the Biyamal,
supported the Southern
Somali National
Movement (SSNM), but
adds that the SSNM had
split. “Early in 1993 its
chairman, Colonel Abdi
Warsame, broke with
General Aydeed and took
part of the SSNM with
him when he aligned
himself with Ali
Mahdi” (147). For
additional information on
the Biyomal and the
SSNM please consult
Responses to Information
Rquests SOM24908 of 4
September 1994 and
SOM18537.E of 4
October 1994, which are
available at Regional
Documentation Centres.
„In Lower Shabelle, the
Habr Gedir clan rivals the
(Dir) Bimaal. The
competing claims of
territorial ownership
between ‘Mudulod’ and
Habr Gedir over
Mogadishu, and Bimaal
and Habr Gedir over the
Lower Shabelle, are
played out over
significant populations
who have stronger claims
to ‘autochthony’ but little
military or political
might.“ (RDCI/UNHCR,
August 2007, S. 11)
THE MIGRATION OF
DAROD CLAN
The Darod tribes had
migrated down to lower
jubba in the middle of 19
century for better life as
prolonged lack of rain
caused their regions
largely dry. By that time,
the Biimaal tribes
provided all their
hospitalities, generosity
to the Darod clan and
granted to stay
temproraly as guest
expecting them to move
out. From 1960 to 1991
the Darood regimes of
Sharmarke and Barre had
unfairly treated with
Bimal clan and promoted
thier clans to dominate
and torture the local
people as bimal clan was
previously dismantled by
the colonial power during
the long time of war.
After 1991, the
Habargidir clan had also
made a master plan by
occupying the lower
shabelle and mugged
farms of residents, used
by force displacement,
looted properties by
displacing and killing
hundreds of local biimaal.
Prominent figures
Political/social activist
President of Udubland:
Professor Ibrahim
Cabdulahi Adow
Abdullahi Sheikh Ismail,
Former Somali
Ambassador to Russian
federation and EU,
Former foreign minister
1990 and 2004 – 2006,
Deputy prime minister
and minister of
constitutional affairs of
TFG 2006.
Abdirahman Adan Ibbi,
former minister of
fishery and marine
resources of TNG 2000 -
2004, state minister 2004
- 2006
Abdi Aluuq, senior
general, Officer in
Charge, Has the highest
rank in SOMALI FORCES
C.E.O has descended
from the Gadsan tribe.
His name is referred to
ABDI ALUUQ (abdi the
general).
Abdi Warsame Isaq, one
of Somali Socialist
Supreme Council and
positioned different
ministerial posts during
Bare’s regime, one of
influential founders of
USC and chairman of
SSNM, MP TFG 2004 -
2006.
Ahmed Hussein Tifow
worked differnt Lower
shabelle 1960 – 1970,
Speaker ssnm and
politacal
Cornel Abdi Ali Jamame.
High ranking Cornel in
former Somali Armed
Forces.
Professor Ahmed Omar
Abdi, former WSLF leader
Mana Haji, prominent
peace activist.
Elmi Abdulle Hussein,
prominent peace activist
Isse Sheikh Ismail,
prominent peace activist
Mohamed Amin Addow,
Senior journalist
Mohamed Fowsi,
promising leader.
Descendant of previous
Chief General Abdi Aluuq
also referred to Abdi
Osman.
Religious and
Traditional leaders
Sheekh Abdurahman
Mubarak, one of the
most famous schollars in
somalia
Sheekh Xassan Yusuf,
one of the famous Somali
cleric, educated
thousands scholars.
Sheekh Macalin Shiikheey
one of the famous Somali
cleric, educated
Sheik Mohammed
Kulale, Islamic teacher
and cleric
Sheikana Shamsa
Mohamed Fowsi ,
teaching Arabic
(beginner)to the younger
generation.
Suldan Abdiwali Sh.
Abdirahman Sul. Mubarak
Biimaal are the majorty
clan of lower shabelle
and lower juba, but there
are some other tribes
such as Digil in lower
shabelle and shikhal,
Galjecel and Darood in
lower juba. Lower
Shabele is bordered with
Banaadir, Middle Shabele,
Bay and Middle Juba and
the Indian Ocean. this is
the most populated
region in somalia .
Districts • Afgoi • Barawe
• Janale • Kurtunwarey •
Marka (Merca) •
Qoriyoley • Sablale •
Walaweyn • Lambar
konton
Clans in Lower
Shabebele
Biimaals tribes form
about 55% of the
population:
• Sa’ad
• daadow
• Ismiin
• Gamaase
• Gaadsan
• Dabruube (Garweyn
and Garsis)
Digil clan about 40%
Other clans form about
30% of the regions
population: • Reer Marka
• Reer Baraawe • Reer
Shabelle •
Biimaal are the majorty
clan of lower shabelle
and lower juba, but there
are some other tribes
such as Digil in lower
shabelle and shikhal,
Galjecel and Darood in
lower juba. Lower
Shabele is bordered with
Banaadir, Middle Shabele,
Bay and Middle Juba and
the Indian Ocean. this is
the most populated
region in somalia .
Districts
• Afgoi • Barawe • Janale
• Kurtunwarey • Marka
(Merca) • Qoriyoley •
Sablale • Walaweyn •
Lambar konton
Rahanwein (Digil &
Mirifle) clans form about
40% of the population: •
Geledi • Goobroon •
Bagedi • Tunni • Jiiddo •
Garre •
Shantacaleemood (e.g
Reer Daafeed, Barbaaro)
• Dabarre • Boqolhore •
Eelaay
Refrences:
Catherine Lowe
Besteman, (1999)
Unraveling Somalia : race,
violence, and the legacy
of slavery
Rate this:
http://jamaame.wordpress.com/2012/04/03/the-real-name-of-biimaal-is-jamaal-but-nicknamed-as-biimaal-meaning-being-handsome-in-arabic/
http://jamaame.wordpress.com/about/
Kusoo dhowaada jamaamepress. Fadlan hadii aad doonaysid inaad nala soo xiriirto ama noo soo gudbiso wararka, fariimaha iyo wixii talo iyo tusaale kusaabsanba fadlan nagala soo xiriir emailkan jamaamepress@gmail.com ama bimaalow2010@gmail.com. Waadna ku mahadsantahay waqtiga aad nasiisay.
